keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530032/ifn-%C3%AE-drives-distinct-lung-immune-landscape-changes-and-antiviral-responses-in-human-metapneumovirus-infection
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorna Sojati, Olivia B Parks, Yu Zhang, Sara Walters, Jie Lan, Taylor Eddens, Dequan Lou, Li Fan, Kong Chen, Tim D Oury, John V Williams
UNLABELLED: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a primary cause of acute respiratory infection, yet there are no approved vaccines or antiviral therapies for HMPV. Early host responses to HMPV are poorly characterized, and further understanding could identify important antiviral pathways. Type III interferon (IFN-λ) displays potent antiviral activity against respiratory viruses and is being investigated for therapeutic use. However, its role in HMPV infection remains largely unknown...
March 26, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529284/oxidative-phosphorylation-in-hiv-1-infection-impacts-on-cellular-metabolism-and-immune-function
#2
REVIEW
Natalia Rodriguez Rodriguez, Trinisia Fortune, Esha Hegde, Matthew Paltiel Weinstein, Aislinn M Keane, Jesse F Mangold, Talia H Swartz
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) presents significant challenges to the immune system, predominantly characterized by CD4+ T cell depletion, leading to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses the viral load in people with HIV (PWH), leading to a state of chronic infection that is associated with inflammation. This review explores the complex relationship between oxidative phosphorylation, a crucial metabolic pathway for cellular energy production, and HIV-1, emphasizing the dual impact of HIV-1 infection and the metabolic and mitochondrial effects of ART...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526940/a-novel-marv-glycoprotein-specific-antibody-with-potentials-of-broad-spectrum-neutralization-to-filovirus
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuting Zhang, Min Zhang, Haiyan Wu, Xinwei Wang, Hang Zheng, Junjuan Feng, Jing Wang, Longlong Luo, He Xiao, Chunxia Qiao, Xinying Li, Yuanqiang Zheng, Weijin Huang, Youchun Wang, Yi Wang, Yanchun Shi, Jiannan Feng, Guojiang Chen
Marburg virus (MARV) is one of the filovirus species that cause deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans, with mortality rates up to 90%. Neutralizing antibodies represent ideal candidates to prevent or treat virus disease. However, no antibody has been approved for MARV treatment to date. In this study, we identified a novel human antibody named AF-03 that targeted MARV glycoprotein (GP). AF-03 possessed a high binding affinity to MARV GP and showed neutralizing and protective activities against the pseudotyped MARV in vitro and in vivo...
March 25, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526562/viruses-exploit-growth-factor-mechanisms-to-achieve-augmented-pathogenicity-and-promote-tumorigenesis
#4
REVIEW
Sarvenaz Sabourirad, Evdokia Dimitriadis, Theo Mantamadiotis
Cellular homeostasis is regulated by growth factors (GFs) which orchestrate various cellular processes including proliferation, survival, differentiation, motility, inflammation and angiogenesis. Dysregulation of GFs in microbial infections and malignancies have been reported previously. Viral pathogens exemplify the exploitation of host cell GFs and their signalling pathways contributing to viral entry, virulence, and evasion of anti-viral immune responses. Viruses can also perturb cellular metabolism and the cell cycle by manipulation of GF signaling...
March 25, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524607/viruses-and-thrombocytopenia
#5
REVIEW
Reyhaneh Rasizadeh, Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Atefeh Zamani Kermanshahi, Amin Daei Sorkhabi, Aila Sarkesh, Javid Sadri Nahand, Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
Thrombocytopenia, characterized by a decrease in platelet count, is a multifaceted clinical manifestation that can arise from various underlying causes. This review delves into the intriguing nexus between viruses and thrombocytopenia, shedding light on intricate pathophysiological mechanisms and highlighting the pivotal role of platelets in viral infections. The review further navigates the landscape of thrombocytopenia in relation to specific viruses, and sheds light on the diverse mechanisms through which hepatitis C virus (HCV), measles virus, parvovirus B19, and other viral agents contribute to platelet depletion...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524224/a-pilot-investigation-of-the-association-between-vpr-amino-acid-substitutions-and-peripheral-immune-marker-levels-in-people-with-human-immunodeficiency-virus-implications-for-neurocognitive-impairment
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Levanco K Asia, Esmé Jansen Van Vuren, Iolanthé M Kruger, Monray E Williams
BACKGROUND: Subtype-specific amino acid variations in viral proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) influence disease progression. Furthermore, Vpr sequence variation correlates with chronic inflammation, a central mechanism in HIV-1 (neuro)pathogenesis. Nevertheless, no clinical study has investigated the link between Vpr sequence variation and peripheral inflammation in people with HIV (PWH). The aim of this pilot study was to ascertain whether specific Vpr amino acid variants were associated with immune markers in PWH...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522828/association-of-clinical-respiratory-disease-signs-and-lower-respiratory-tract-bacterial-pathogens-with-systemic-inflammatory-response-in-pre-weaned-dairy-calves
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohish Kaura, Elisabeth Dorbek-Kolin, Marina Loch, Dagni-Alice Viidu, Toomas Orro, Kerli Mõtus
This study investigated the potential associations between 3 acute phase proteins (APPs) haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, and fibrinogen, clinical signs of respiratory disease, and the presence of bacterial pathogens in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) of pre-weaned dairy calves. This cross-sectional study included 150 pre-weaned calves (2-86 d old) from 15 large dairy herds in Estonia. Tracheobronchial lavage, blood, and fecal samples were collected from 5 calves showing clinical signs indicative of LRT disease, and samples from 5 calves without clinical signs of LRT disease per herd...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Dairy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522823/the-lps-inactivating-enzyme-acyloxyacyl-hydrolase-protects-the-brain-from-experimental-stroke
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanbo Zhu, Yue Hu, Zhongwang Liu, Luping Chang, Xue Geng, Xuhui Yin, Bing-Qiao Zhao, Wenying Fan
Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption is a pathological hallmark of ischemic stroke, and inflammation occurring at the BBB contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria, is elevated in patients with acute stroke. The activity of LPS is controlled by acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), a host enzyme that deacylates LPS to inactivated forms. However, whether AOAH influences the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke remain elusive. We performed in vivo experiments to explore the role and mechanism of AOAH on neutrophil extravasation, BBB disruption, and brain infarction...
March 22, 2024: Translational Research: the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521838/hypercalcemia-as-a-rare-manifestation-of-immune-reconstitution-inflammatory-syndrome-iris-in-a-person-living-with-human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-with-disseminated%C3%A2-nontuberculous-mycobacteriosis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian Webendoerfer, Margarethe Konik, Markus Zettler, Johannes Wienker, Josefine Rawitzer, Stefan Esser, Jan Kehrmann, Ken Herrmann, Hans Christian Reinhardt, Oliver Witzke, Sebastian Dolff
INTRODUCTION: Granulomatosis due to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (M. avium) infection may trigger hypercalcemia. Here, we report a rare case of hypercalcemia and acute kidney damage related to IRIS in a person living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). CASE PRESENTATION: A 39-year-old male person living with HIV presented with muscle weakness and unwanted weight loss of 8 kg within the last 2 weeks...
March 23, 2024: Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518643/xijiao-dihuang-decoction-combined-with-yinqiao-powder-promotes-autophagy-dependent-ros-decrease-to-inhibit-ros-nlrp3-pyroptosis-regulation-axis-in-influenza-virus-infection
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Di Deng, Mengfan Zhao, Huanwei Liu, Siyao Zhou, Hui Liu, Leiming You, Yu Hao
BACKGROUND: Influenza viral pneumonia is a common complication after influenza virus infection. Xijiao Dihuang Decoction combined with Yinqiao Powder (XDY) is effective on improving influenza viral pneumonia. PURPOSE: This study further explores the anti-inflammatory mechanism of XDY in the treatment of influenza viral pneumonia. STUDY DESIGN: The effects of XDY on inflammation, autophagy, NACHT-LRR-PYD-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and pyroptosis were assessed in the mice with influenza viral pneumonia...
February 10, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518381/platycodin-d-facilitates-antiviral-immunity-through-inhibiting-cytokine-storm-via-targeting-k63-linked-traf6-ubiquitination
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Liu, Lirong Xu, Enhao Lu, Chenchen Tang, Hanxiao Zhang, Yanwu Xu, Yuanyuan Yu, Naomi Ong, Xiao-Dong Yang, Qilong Chen, Yuejuan Zheng
Influenza virus infection is a worldwide challenge that causes heavy burdens on public health. The mortality rate of severe influenza patients is often associated with hyperactive immunological abnormalities characterized by hypercytokinemia. Due to the continuous mutations and the occurrence of drug-resistant influenza virus strains, the development of host-directed immunoregulatory drugs is urgently required. Platycodon grandiflorum is among the top 10 herbs of traditional Chinese medicine used to treat pulmonary diseases...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517389/viral-anterior-uveitis-differences-in-retinal-vessel-area-density-between-the-affected-and-non-affected-eye-using-optical-coherence-tomography-angiography
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna-Karina B Maier, Daniel Mandrossa, Emanuel Reitemeyer, Sibylle Winterhalter, Anne Rübsam, Uwe Pleyer
PURPOSE: To investigate differences in the retinal vessel area density (VAD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between eyes with unilateral herpetic viral anterior uveitis (VAU) (herpes-simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV)) and the non-affected fellow eye. METHODS: In this monocentric, observational, prospective case series we analyzed the VAD of the macula, optic disc, and peripapillary region in affected and non-affected eyes of 22 patients with HSV-positive and 22 patients with VZV-positive VAU using OCTA...
March 22, 2024: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515747/decidual-leukocytes-respond-to-african-lineage-zika-virus-infection-with-mild-anti-inflammatory-changes-during-acute-infection-in-rhesus-macaques
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michelle R Koenig, Jessica Vazquez, Fernanda B Leyva Jaimes, Ann M Mitzey, Aleksandar K Stanic, Thaddeus G Golos
Zika virus (ZIKV) can be vertically transmitted during pregnancy resulting in a range of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The decidua is commonly found to be infected by ZIKV, yet the acute immune response to infection remains understudied in vivo . We hypothesized that in vivo African-lineage ZIKV infection induces a pro-inflammatory response in the decidua. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the decidua in pregnant rhesus macaques within the first two weeks following infection with an African-lineage ZIKV and compared our findings to gestationally aged-matched controls...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515187/hypermethylation-of-the-glutathione-peroxidase-4-gene-promoter-is-associated-with-the-occurrence-of-immune-tolerance-phase-in-chronic-hepatitis-b
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Su, Zhaohui Wang, Jihui Li, Shuai Gao, Yuchen Fan, Kai Wang
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health problem that seriously threatens human health. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) in the occurrence and development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: A total of 169 participants including 137 patients with CHB and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We detected the expression of GPX4 and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)...
March 21, 2024: Virology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515147/changes-in-the-innate-immune-response-to-sars-cov-2-with-advancing-age-in-humans
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sudhanshu Agrawal, Michelle Thu Tran, Tara Sinta Kartika Jennings, Marlaine Maged Hosny Soliman, Sally Heo, Bobby Sasson, Farah Rahmatpanah, Anshu Agrawal
BACKGROUND: Advancing age is a major risk factor for respiratory viral infections. The infections are often prolonged and difficult to resolve resulting hospitalizations and mortality. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted this as elderly subjects have emerged as vulnerable populations that display increased susceptibility and severity to SARS-CoV-2. There is an urgent need to identify the probable mechanisms underlying this to protect against future outbreaks of such nature. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against viruses and its decline impacts downstream immune responses...
March 21, 2024: Immunity & Ageing: I & A
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514268/-research-progress-on-the-role-of-hepatitis-b-virus-dna-integration-in-chronic-hepatitis-b
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y M Chen, J Liu, C W Zhu, L Zhu
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection will greatly contribute to raising the occurrence probability of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients. Although existing antiviral treatment regimens have a certain effect on delaying disease progression and improving prognosis, it is still not effective in attaining functional cures. Hepatitis B virus DNA integration may be one of the reasons for this phenomenon. Therefore, this paper reviews the possible mechanisms of HBV DNA integration in maintaining chronic inflammation of the liver, evading existing antiviral treatment methods, and inducing hepatocellular carcinoma so as to further deepen the understanding of the role of HBV DNA integration in the occurrence and development of chronic hepatitis B, providing ideas and references for formulating better treatment strategies...
February 20, 2024: Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing za Zhi, Zhonghua Ganzangbing Zazhi, Chinese Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514093/gasdermin-b-an-asthma-susceptibility-gene-promotes-mavs-tbk1-signaling-and-airway-inflammation
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tao Liu, Siqi Liu, Xianliang Rui, Ye Cao, Julian Hecker, Feng Guo, Yihan Zhang, Lu Gong, Yihan Zhou, Yuzhen Yu, Nandini Krishnamoorthyni, Samuel Bates, Sung Chun, Nathan Boyer, Shuang Xu, Jin-Ah Park, Mark A Perrella, Bruce D Levy, Scott T Weiss, Hongmei Mou, Benjamin A Raby, Xiaobo Zhou
RATIONALE: Respiratory virus-induced inflammation is the leading cause of asthma exacerbation, frequently accompanied by induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). How asthma genetic susceptible genes modulate cellular response upon viral infection through fine-tuning ISGs induction and subsequent airway inflammation in genetically susceptible asthmatics remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: To decipher the functions of GSDMB in respiratory virus-induced lung inflammation...
March 21, 2024: European Respiratory Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513656/opposing-diet-microbiome-and-metabolite-mechanisms-regulate-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-a-genetically-susceptible-host
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Vasconcelos Pereira, Marie Boudaud, Mathis Wolter, Celeste Alexander, Alessandro De Sciscio, Erica T Grant, Bruno Caetano Trindade, Nicholas A Pudlo, Shaleni Singh, Austin Campbell, Mengrou Shan, Li Zhang, Qinnan Yang, Stéphanie Willieme, Kwi Kim, Trisha Denike-Duval, Jaime Fuentes, André Bleich, Thomas M Schmidt, Lucy Kennedy, Costas A Lyssiotis, Grace Y Chen, Kathryn A Eaton, Mahesh S Desai, Eric C Martens
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions characterized by periods of spontaneous intestinal inflammation and are increasing in industrialized populations. Combined with host genetics, diet and gut bacteria are thought to contribute prominently to IBDs, but mechanisms are still emerging. In mice lacking the IBD-associated cytokine, interleukin-10, we show that a fiber-deprived gut microbiota promotes the deterioration of colonic mucus, leading to lethal colitis. Inflammation starts with the expansion of natural killer cells and altered immunoglobulin-A coating of some bacteria...
March 18, 2024: Cell Host & Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513523/hypoxia-inducible-factor-1%C3%AE-facilitates-transmissible-gastroenteritis-virus-replication-by-inhibiting-type-i-and-type-iii-interferon-production
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunhang Zhang, Xue Rui, Yang Li, Yue Zhang, Yifei Cai, Chen Tan, Ning Yang, Yuanyuan Liu, Yuguang Fu, Guangliang Liu
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is characterized by watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration and is associated with high mortality especially in newborn piglets, causing significant economic losses to the global pig industry. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been identified as a key regulator of TGEV-induced inflammation, but understanding of the effect of HIF-1α on TGEV infection remains limited. This study found that TGEV infection was associated with a marked increase in HIF-1α expression in ST cells and an intestinal organoid epithelial monolayer...
March 16, 2024: Veterinary Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512283/subclinical-inflammation-in-asymptomatic-schoolchildren-with-plasmodium-falciparum-parasitemia-correlates-with-impaired-cognition
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander E Johnson, Aditi Upadhye, Veronicah Knight, Erik L Gaskin, Lindsey B Turnbull, David Ayuku, Mark Nyalumbe, Emily Abuonji, Chandy C John, Megan S McHenry, Tuan M Tran, George Ayodo
BACKGROUND: Subclinical inflammation and cognitive deficits have been separately associated with asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections in schoolchildren. However, whether parasite-induced inflammation is associated with worse cognition has not been addressed. We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study to better assess the effect of asymptomatic P. falciparum parasitemia and inflammation on cognition in Kenyan schoolchildren. METHODS: We enrolled 240 children aged 7-14 years residing in high malaria transmission in Western Kenya...
March 21, 2024: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
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