keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535566/infant-non-secretor-histoblood-group-antigen-phenotype-reduces-susceptibility-to-both-symptomatic-and-asymptomatic-rotavirus-infection
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin Lee, Md Abdul Kader, Masud Alam, Dorothy M Dickson, Patrick Harvey, E Ross Colgate, Mami Taniuchi, William A Petri, Rashidul Haque, Beth D Kirkpatrick
The infant non-secretor histoblood group antigen phenotype is associated with reduced risk of symptomatic rotavirus diarrhea, one of the leading global causes of severe pediatric diarrheal disease and mortality. However, little is known regarding the role of secretor status in asymptomatic rotavirus infections. Therefore, we performed a nested case-control study within a birth cohort study previously conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to determine the association between infant secretor phenotype and the odds of asymptomatic rotavirus infection, in addition to the risk of rotavirus diarrhea, in unvaccinated infants...
March 4, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499654/genetic-overlap-between-alzheimer-s-disease-and-immune-mediated-diseases-an-atlas-of-shared-genetic-determinants-and-biological-convergence
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nitesh Enduru, Brisa S Fernandes, Shahram Bahrami, Yulin Dai, Ole A Andreassen, Zhongming Zhao
The occurrence of immune disease comorbidities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been observed in both epidemiological and molecular studies, suggesting a neuroinflammatory basis in AD. However, their shared genetic components have not been systematically studied. Here, we composed an atlas of the shared genetic associations between 11 immune-mediated diseases and AD by analyzing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics. Our results unveiled a significant genetic overlap between AD and 11 individual immune-mediated diseases despite negligible genetic correlations, suggesting a complex shared genetic architecture distributed across the genome...
March 18, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457748/using-tumor-marker-gene-variants-to-improve-the-diagnostic-accuracy-of-dupan-2-and-carbohydrate-antigen-19-9-for-pancreatic-cancer
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yohei Ando, Mohamad Dbouk, Takeichi Yoshida, Helena Saba, Elizabeth Abou Diwan, Kanako Yoshida, Ali Dbouk, Amanda L Blackford, Ming-Tseh Lin, Anne Marie Lennon, Richard A Burkhart, Jin He, Lori Sokoll, James R Eshleman, Marcia Irene Canto, Michael Goggins
PURPOSE: Circulating carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels reflect FUT3 and FUT2 fucosyltransferase activity. Measuring the related glycan, DUPAN-2, can be useful in individuals unable to synthesize CA19-9. We hypothesized that similar to CA19-9, FUT functional groups determined by variants in FUT3 and FUT2 influence DUPAN-2 levels, and having tumor marker reference ranges for each functional group would improve diagnostic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a training/validation study design, FUT2 / FUT3 genotypes were determined in 938 individuals from Johns Hopkins Hospital: 607 Cancer of the Pancreas Screening (CAPS) study subjects with unremarkable pancreata and 331 with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38374560/genotypes-predisposing-for-celiac-disease-and-autoimmune-diabetes-and-risk-of-infections-in-early-childhood
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ketil Størdal, German Tapia, Nicolai A Lund-Blix, Lars C Stene
OBJECTIVES: Infections in early childhood have been associated with risk of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated whether this is driven by susceptibility genes for autoimmune disease by comparing infection frequency by genetic susceptibility variants for CD or T1D. METHODS: We genotyped 373 controls and 384 children who developed CD or T1D in the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort study (MoBa) study for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ, FUT2, SH2B3, and PTPN22, and calculated a weighted non-HLA genetic risk score (GRS) for CD and T1D based on over 40 SNPs...
February 2024: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38330312/correlates-of-rotavirus-vaccine-shedding-and-seroconversion-in-a-u-s-cohort-of-healthy-infants
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel M Burke, Daniel C Payne, Monica McNeal, Shannon C Conrey, Allison R Burrell, Claire P Mattison, Mary C Casey-Moore, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Rashi Gautam, Mathew D Esona, Alexander W Thorman, Michael D Bowen, Umesh D Parashar, Jacqueline E Tate, Ardythe L Morrow, Mary A Staat
BACKGROUND: Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe pediatric gastroenteritis; two highly effective vaccines are used in the US. We aimed to identify correlates of immune response to rotavirus vaccination in a US cohort. METHODS: PREVAIL is a birth cohort of 245 mother-child pairs enrolled 2017-2018 and followed for 2 years. Infant stool samples and symptom information were collected weekly. Shedding was defined as RT-PCR detection of rotavirus vaccine virus in stools collected 4-28 days after dose one...
February 8, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38319515/using-a-ca19-9-tumor-marker-gene-test-to-assess-outcome-after-pancreatic-cancer-surgery
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yohei Ando, Mohamad Dbouk, Amanda L Blackford, Takeichi Yoshida, Helena Saba, Elizabeth Abou Diwan, Kanako Yoshida, Lori Sokoll, James R Eshleman, Richard Burkhart, Jin He, Michael Goggins
BACKGROUND: Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is widely used as a marker of pancreatic cancer tumor burden and response to therapy. Synthesis of CA19-9 and its circulating levels are determined by variants encoding the fucosyltransferases, FUT2 and FUT3. Individuals can be grouped into one of four functional FUT groups (FUT3-null, FUT-low, FUT-intermediate, FUT-high), each with its own CA19-9 reference range based on its predicted capacity to produce CA19-9. The authors hypothesized that a FUT variant-based CA19-9 tumor marker gene test could improve the prognostic performance of CA19-9...
February 6, 2024: Annals of Surgical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38293149/-bifidobacterium-longum-modifies-a-nutritional-intervention-for-stunting-in-zimbabwean-infants
#7
Ethan K Gough, Thaddeus J Edens, Lynnea Carr, Ruairi C Robertson, Kuda Mutasa, Robert Ntozini, Bernard Chasekwa, Hyun Min Geum, Iman Baharmand, Sandeep K Gill, Batsirai Mutasa, Mduduzi N N Mbuya, Florence D Majo, Naume Tavengwa, Freddy Francis, Joice Tome, Ceri Evans, Margaret Kosek, Jean H Humphrey, Andrew J Prendergast, Amee R Manges
Child stunting is an indicator of chronic undernutrition and reduced human capital. However, it remains a poorly understood public health problem. Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) have been widely tested to reduce stunting, but have modest effects. The infant intestinal microbiome may contribute to stunting, and is partly shaped by mother and infant histo-blood group antigens (HBGA). We investigated whether mother-infant fucosyltransferase status, which governs HBGA, and the infant gut microbiome modified the impact of SQ-LNS on stunting at age 18 months among Zimbabwean infants in the SHINE Trial ( NCT01824940 )...
January 19, 2024: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287276/identification-of-biomarker-candidates-for-exfoliative-glaucoma-from-autoimmunity-profiling
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan Potter, Marcelo Ayala, Andreas Tilevik
BACKGROUND: Exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) is a subtype of open-angle glaucoma characterized by distinctive extracellular fibrils and a yet unknown pathogenesis potentially involving immune-related factors. The aim of this exploratory study was to identify biomarkers for XFG using data from autoimmunity profiling performed on blood samples from a Scandinavian cohort of patients. METHODS: Autoantibody screening was analyzed against 258 different protein fragments in blood samples taken from 30 patients diagnosed with XFG and 30 healthy donors...
January 29, 2024: BMC Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262747/purified-diet-affects-intestinal-epithelial-proliferation-and-barrier-functions-through-gut-microbial-alterations
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroaki Shiratori, Kisara M Hattori, Kazuaki Nakata, Takuma Okawa, Seiga Komiyama, Yusuke Kinashi, Yuma Kabumoto, Yuria Kaneko, Motoyoshi Nagai, Tomoko Shindo, Nobuko Moritoki, Yuki I Kawamura, Taeko Dohi, Daisuke Takahashi, Shunsuke Kimura, Koji Hase
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining epithelial barrier function. Although multiple studies have demonstrated the significance of dietary factors on gut microbiota and mucosal barrier function, the impact of a purified diet, which has long been used in various animal experiments, on intestinal homeostasis remains to be elucidated. Here, we compared the impact of two different types of diets, a crude diet and an AIN-93G-formula purified diet, on epithelial integrity and the gut microbiota. Purified diet-fed mice exhibited shorter villi and crypt lengths and slower epithelial turnover, particularly in the ileum...
January 23, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38230655/split-g-quadruplex-based-pfago-sensing-platform-for-nucleotide-mutation-discrimination-and-human-genotyping
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Zhang, Bin Gong, Yanan Lin, Yuedong Zhu, Gaoxing Su, Yanyan Yu
A PfAgo-G4 sensing platform exploiting G4 as a signal reporter was proposed, validated, and optimized. By introducing two mismatches at the Link strand, a universal nucleotide design rule was established for accurate single nucleotide polymorphism discrimination with PfAgo-G4. The FUT2 gene was then successfully and accurately genotyped using human buccal swab samples.
January 17, 2024: Analyst
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38186171/-serology-and-genomic-analysis-of-para-bombay-individuals-in-a-hospital-in-hunan-province
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F X Liu, L Qu, L Gu
To investigate the serological and genetic characteristics of para-Bombay patients in a hospital in Hunan Province. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the blood type results of 175 439 hospitalized patients born in Hunan Province from the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from 2016 to 2021. Phenotypes of ABO blood group was analyzed by blood group serology, and molecular biological methods were used to analyze the genotype, including ABO genotyping by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) and fucosyltransferase 1 ( FUT1) and fucosyltransferase 2 ( FUT2) gene sequencing...
December 6, 2023: Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38172637/host-genetic-regulation-of-human-gut-microbial-structural-variation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daria V Zhernakova, Daoming Wang, Lei Liu, Sergio Andreu-Sánchez, Yue Zhang, Angel J Ruiz-Moreno, Haoran Peng, Niels Plomp, Ángela Del Castillo-Izquierdo, Ranko Gacesa, Esteban A Lopera-Maya, Godfrey S Temba, Vesla I Kullaya, Sander S van Leeuwen, Ramnik J Xavier, Quirijn de Mast, Leo A B Joosten, Niels P Riksen, Joost H W Rutten, Mihai G Netea, Serena Sanna, Cisca Wijmenga, Rinse K Weersma, Alexandra Zhernakova, Hermie J M Harmsen, Jingyuan Fu
Although the impact of host genetics on gut microbial diversity and the abundance of specific taxa is well established1-6 , little is known about how host genetics regulates the genetic diversity of gut microorganisms. Here we conducted a meta-analysis of associations between human genetic variation and gut microbial structural variation in 9,015 individuals from four Dutch cohorts. Strikingly, the presence rate of a structural variation segment in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii that harbours an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) utilization gene cluster is higher in individuals who secrete the type A oligosaccharide antigen terminating in GalNAc, a feature that is jointly determined by human ABO and FUT2 genotypes, and we could replicate this association in a Tanzanian cohort...
January 3, 2024: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38085123/prenatal-human-milk-oligosaccharides-hmos-in-the-context-of-bmi-gestational-weight-gain-and-lipid-profile-an-association-study-in-pregnant-women-with-overweight-or-obesity
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lukas Schönbacher, Carmen Treichler, Waltraud Brandl, Harald C Köfeler, Herbert Fluhr, Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn, Mireille N M van Poppel
BACKGROUND: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans first detected in human milk. Their presence in maternal blood during pregnancy suggests systemic functions. Dynamics and associations of the most abundant prenatal HMOs in relation to maternal BMI and serum lipids in a cohort of 87 pregnant women with either overweight or obesity are studied. METHODS: Serum HMOs (2'FL, 3'SL, 3'SLN, LDFT), serum lipids (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides), and BMI are measured at 15, 24, and 32 weeks of gestation...
December 12, 2023: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38066482/sec1-regulates-intestinal-mucosal-immunity-in-a-mouse-model-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Cai, Hao Wu, Chenxing Wang, Yujiao Chen, Dingli Zhang, Shiwei Guan, Beilei Fu, Yingli Jin, Cao Qian
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common immune-mediated condition with its molecular pathogenesis remaining to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to deepen our understanding of the role of FUT2 in human IBD, by studying a new surrogate gene Sec1, a neighboring gene of Fut2 and Fut1 that co-encodes the α 1,2 fucosyltransferase in mice. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to prepare Sec1 knockout (Sec1-/- ) mice. IBD was induced in mice using 3% w/v dextran sulphate sodium. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was employed to silence Sec1 in murine colon cancer cell lines CT26...
December 8, 2023: BMC Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003572/beh%C3%A3-et-s-disease-a-comprehensive-review-on-the-role-of-hla-b-51-antigen-presentation-and-inflammatory-cascade
#15
REVIEW
Saba Khoshbakht, Defne Başkurt, Atay Vural, Seçil Vural
Behçet's disease (BD) is a complex, recurring inflammatory disorder with autoinflammatory and autoimmune components. This comprehensive review aims to explore BD's pathogenesis, focusing on established genetic factors. Studies reveal that HLA-B*51 is the primary genetic risk factor, but non-HLA genes ( ERAP1 , IL-10 , IL23R/IL-12RB2 ), as well as innate immunity genes ( FUT2 , MICA , TLRs ), also contribute. Genome-wide studies emphasize the significance of ERAP1 and HLA-I epistasis. These variants influence antigen presentation, enzymatic activity, and HLA-I peptidomes, potentially leading to distinct autoimmune responses...
November 16, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37970342/globo-h-ceramide-is-an-independent-prognostic-marker-for-gallbladder-cancer
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tsai-Hsien Hung, Chun-Nan Yeh, Jung-Tung Hung, Chiao-En Wu, Chien-Wei Lee, John Yu, Alice L Yu, Yenlin Huang
In recent studies, there has been growing interest in developing cancer therapeutics targeting Globo H ceramide, which is considered as the most prevalent tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen in epithelial cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of Globo H and investigate its prognostic significance in gallbladder cancer (GBC). The tumor specimens and clinical characteristics of GBC patients were collected from the tumor bank and database of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Globo H in tumor specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mass spectrometry analysis...
2023: American Journal of Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37964924/the-protective-associations-of-breastfeeding-with-infant-overweight-and-asthma-are-not-dependent-on-maternal-fut2-secretor-status
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melissa B Manus, Stephanie K Goguen, Meghan B Azad
Breastfeeding supplies infant gut bacteria with human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) as a nutrient source. HMO profiles are influenced by the FUT2 gene, which encodes an enzyme affecting the fucosylation of milk sugars. 20 to 40% of individuals have a "non-secretor" polymorphism that inactivates the FUT2 gene, resulting in variable HMO proportions in milk. This has engendered a concerning, yet unfounded, perception that non-secretor milk is "inferior." To address this untested hypothesis, we re-analyzed two datasets in which we previously showed that breastfeeding was protective against early life asthma and excessive infant weight gain in the Canadian CHILD Cohort Study...
2023: Frontiers in Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37961411/decreased-fucosylation-impacts-epithelial-integrity-and-increases-risk-for-copd
#18
Carter Swaby, Bonnie Yeung-Luk, Shreeti Thapa, Kristine Nishida, Arabelis Wally, Baishakhi Ghosh, Austin Niederkofler, Sean Luk, Mirit Girgis, Allison Keller, Cecilia Cortez, Sahana Ramaswamy, Kai Wilmsen, Laura Bouché, Anne Dell, M Bradley Drummond, Nirupama Putcha, Stuart M Haslam, Rasika Mathias, Nadia N Hansel, Jian Sheng, Venkataramana Sidhaye
COPD causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epithelial damage is fundamental to disease pathogenesis, although the mechanisms driving disease remain undefined. Published evidence from a COPD cohort (SPIROMICS) and confirmed in a second cohort (COPDgene) demonstrate a polymorphism in Fucosyltransferese-2 (FUT2) is a trans-pQTL for E-cadherin, which is critical in COPD pathogenesis. We found by MALDI-TOF analysis that FUT2 increased terminal fucosylation of E-cadherin. Using atomic force microscopy, we found that FUT2-dependent fucosylation enhanced E-cadherin-E-cadherin bond strength, mediating the improvement in monolayer integrity...
November 2, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37935197/analysis-of-gut-microbiome-host-genetics-and-plasma-metabolites-reveals-gut-microbiome-host-interactions-in-the-japanese-population
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoshihiko Tomofuji, Toshihiro Kishikawa, Kyuto Sonehara, Yuichi Maeda, Kotaro Ogawa, Shuhei Kawabata, Eri Oguro-Igashira, Tatsusada Okuno, Takuro Nii, Makoto Kinoshita, Masatoshi Takagaki, Kenichi Yamamoto, Noriko Arase, Mayu Yagita-Sakamaki, Akiko Hosokawa, Daisuke Motooka, Yuki Matsumoto, Hidetoshi Matsuoka, Maiko Yoshimura, Shiro Ohshima, Shota Nakamura, Manabu Fujimoto, Hidenori Inohara, Haruhiko Kishima, Hideki Mochizuki, Kiyoshi Takeda, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Yukinori Okada
Interaction between the gut microbiome and host plays a key role in human health. Here, we perform a metagenome shotgun-sequencing-based analysis of Japanese participants to reveal associations between the gut microbiome, host genetics, and plasma metabolome. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for microbial species (n = 524) identifies associations between the PDE1C gene locus and Bacteroides intestinalis and between TGIF2 and TGIF2-RAB5IF gene loci and Bacteroides acidifiaciens. In a microbial gene ortholog GWAS, agaE and agaS, which are related to the metabolism of carbohydrates forming the blood group A antigen, are associated with blood group A in a manner depending on the secretor status determined by the East Asian-specific FUT2 variant...
October 30, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37841839/genetic-overlap-between-alzheimer-s-disease-and-immune-mediated-diseases-an-atlas-of-shared-genetic-determinants-and-biological-convergence
#20
Brisa Fernandes, Nitesh Enduru, Brisa Fernandes, Shahram Bahrami, Yulin Dai, Ole Andreassen, Zhongming Zhao
The occurrence of immune disease comorbidities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been observed in both epidemiological and molecular studies, suggesting a neuroinflammatory basis in AD. However, their shared genetic components have not been systematically studied. Here, we composed an atlas of the shared genetic associations between 11 immune-mediated diseases and AD by analyzing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics. Our results unveiled a significant genetic overlap between AD and 11 individual immune-mediated diseases despite negligible genetic correlations, suggesting a complex shared genetic architecture distributed across the genome...
September 28, 2023: Research Square
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