keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375873/epigenetic-reprogramming-in-the-transition-from-pluripotency-to-totipotency
#21
REVIEW
Qingsheng Han, Ru Ma, Na Liu
Mammalian development commences with the zygote, which can differentiate into both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, a capability known as totipotency. Only the zygote and embryos around zygotic genome activation (ZGA) (two-cell embryo stage in mice and eight-cell embryo in humans) are totipotent cells. Epigenetic modifications undergo extremely extensive changes during the acquisition of totipotency and subsequent development of differentiation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Cellular Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38370025/friction-forces-determine-cytoplasmic-reorganization-and-shape-changes-of-ascidian-oocytes-upon-fertilization
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Caballero-Mancebo, Rushikesh Shinde, Madison Bolger-Munro, Matilda Peruzzo, Gregory Szep, Irene Steccari, David Labrousse-Arias, Vanessa Zheden, Jack Merrin, Andrew Callan-Jones, Raphaël Voituriez, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg
Contraction and flow of the actin cell cortex have emerged as a common principle by which cells reorganize their cytoplasm and take shape. However, how these cortical flows interact with adjacent cytoplasmic components, changing their form and localization, and how this affects cytoplasmic organization and cell shape remains unclear. Here we show that in ascidian oocytes, the cooperative activities of cortical actomyosin flows and deformation of the adjacent mitochondria-rich myoplasm drive oocyte cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes following fertilization...
2024: Nature Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364856/the-chromatin-accessibility-dynamics-during-cell-fate-specifications-in-zebrafish-early-embryogenesis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiushi Xu, Yunlong Zhang, Wei Xu, Dong Liu, Wenfei Jin, Xi Chen, Ni Hong
Chromatin accessibility plays a critical role in the regulation of cell fate decisions. Although gene expression changes have been extensively profiled at the single-cell level during early embryogenesis, the dynamics of chromatin accessibility at cis-regulatory elements remain poorly studied. Here, we used a plate-based single-cell ATAC-seq method to profile the chromatin accessibility dynamics of over 10 000 nuclei from zebrafish embryos. We investigated several important time points immediately after zygotic genome activation (ZGA), covering key developmental stages up to dome...
February 14, 2024: Nucleic Acids Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340007/muscle-eosinophilia-is-a-hallmark-of-chronic-disease-in-facioscapulohumeral-muscular-dystrophy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreia M Nunes, Monique M Ramirez, Enrique Garcia-Collazo, Takako Iida Jones, Peter L Jones
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a progressive myopathy caused by the aberrant increased expression of the DUX4 retrogene in skeletal muscle cells. The DUX4 gene encodes a transcription factor that functions in zygotic genome activation and then is silenced in most adult somatic tissues. DUX4 expression in FSHD disrupts normal muscle cell function; however, the downstream pathogenic mechanisms are still unclear. Histologically, FSHD affected muscles show a characteristic dystrophic phenotype that is often accompanied by a pronounced immune cell infiltration, but the role of the immune system in FSHD is not understood...
February 10, 2024: Human Molecular Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38338738/the-dynamics-of-histone-modifications-during-mammalian-zygotic-genome-activation
#25
REVIEW
Francisco Sotomayor-Lugo, Nataly Iglesias-Barrameda, Yandy Marx Castillo-Aleman, Imilla Casado-Hernandez, Carlos Agustin Villegas-Valverde, Antonio Alfonso Bencomo-Hernandez, Yendry Ventura-Carmenate, Rene Antonio Rivero-Jimenez
Mammalian fertilization initiates the reprogramming of oocytes and sperm, forming a totipotent zygote. During this intricate process, the zygotic genome undergoes a maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) and subsequent zygotic genome activation (ZGA), marking the initiation of transcriptional control and gene expression post-fertilization. Histone modifications are pivotal in shaping cellular identity and gene expression in many mammals. Recent advances in chromatin analysis have enabled detailed explorations of histone modifications during ZGA...
January 25, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38338108/single-cell-rna-sequencing-reveals-differences-in-chromatin-remodeling-and-energy-metabolism-among-in-vivo-developed-in-vitro-fertilized-and-parthenogenetically-activated-embryos-from-the-oocyte-to-8-cell-stages-in-pigs
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianlin Fan, Chang Liu, Yunjing Zhao, Qianqian Xu, Zhi Yin, Zhonghua Liu, Yanshuang Mu
In vitro-fertilized (IVF) and parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos, key to genetic engineering, face more developmental challenges than in vivo-developed embryos (IVV). We analyzed single-cell RNA-seq data from the oocyte to eight-cell stages in IVV, IVF, and PA porcine embryos, focusing on developmental differences during early zygotic genome activation (ZGA), a vital stage for embryonic development. (1) Our findings reveal that in vitro embryos (IVF and PA) exhibit more similar developmental trajectories compared to IVV embryos, with PA embryos showing the least gene diversity at each stage...
January 31, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329186/cell-free-genomics-transcription-factor-interactions-in-reconstituted-na%C3%A3-ve-embryonic-chromatin
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter B Becker
Extracts from Drosophila preblastoderm embryos (DREX) form the basis of a powerful in vitro chromatin reconstitution system that assembles entire genomes into complex chromatin with physiological nucleosome spacing and polymer condensation. As the zygotic genome has not yet been activated in preblastoderm embryos, the reconstitution extract lacks endogenous transcription factors (TFs) and the RNA polymerase machinery. At the same time, it contains high levels of ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding enzymes that render the reconstituted chromatin dynamic...
February 8, 2024: Biochemical Society Transactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328106/a-microglia-clonal-inflammatory-disorder-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#28
Rocio Vicario, Stamatina Fragkogianni, Leslie Weber, Tomi Lazarov, Yang Hu, Samantha Y Hayashi, Barbara P Craddock, Nicholas D Socci, Araitz Alberdi, Ann Baako, Oyku Ay, Masato Ogishi, Estibaliz Lopez-Rodrigo, Rajya Kappagantula, Agnes Viale, Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue, Ting Zhou, Richard M Ransohoff, Richard Chesworth, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Bertrand Boisson, Olivier Elemento, Jean-Laurent Casanova, W Todd Miller, Frederic Geissmann
Somatic genetic heterogeneity resulting from post-zygotic DNA mutations is widespread in human tissues and can cause diseases, however few studies have investigated its role in neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Here we report the selective enrichment of microglia clones carrying pathogenic variants, that are not present in neuronal, glia/stromal cells, or blood, from patients with AD in comparison to age-matched controls. Notably, microglia-specific AD-associated variants preferentially target the MAPK pathway, including recurrent CBL ring-domain mutations...
January 25, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328075/-smad4-is-essential-for-epiblast-scaling-and-morphogenesis-after-implantation-but-nonessential-prior-to-implantation-in-the-mouse
#29
Robin E Kruger, Tristan Frum, A Sophie Brumm, Stephanie L Hickey, Kathy K Niakan, Farina Aziz, Marcelio A Shammami, Jada G Roberts, Amy Ralston
UNLABELLED: Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) signaling plays an essential and highly conserved role in axial patterning in embryos of many externally developing animal species. However, in mammalian embryos, which develop inside the mother, early development includes an additional stage known as preimplantation. During preimplantation, the epiblast lineage is segregated from the extraembryonic lineages that enable implantation and development in utero . Yet, the requirement for BMP signaling in mouse preimplantation is imprecisely defined...
January 24, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38327665/lactate-regulates-major-zygotic-genome-activation-by-h3k18-lactylation-in-mammals
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingyu Li, Weibo Hou, Qi Zhao, Wei Han, Hongdi Cui, Songling Xiao, Ling Zhu, Jiadan Qu, Xiaoyu Liu, Weitao Cong, Jingling Shen, Yuzheng Zhao, Shaorong Gao, Guoning Huang, Qingran Kong
Lactate is present at a high level in the microenvironment of mammalian preimplantation embryos in vivo and in vitro . However, its role in preimplantation development is unclear. Here, we report that lactate is highly enriched in the nuclei of early embryos when major zygotic genome activation (ZGA) occurs in humans and mice. The inhibition of its production and uptake results in developmental arrest at the 2-cell stage, major ZGA failure, and loss of lactate-derived H3K18lac, which could be rescued by the addition of Lac-CoA and recapitulated by overexpression of H3K18R mutation...
February 2024: National Science Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325372/maternal-klf17-controls-zygotic-genome-activation-by-acting-as-a-messenger-for-rna-pol-ii-recruitment-in-mouse-embryos
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Hu, Yuxiang Wang, Yuanlin He, Maosheng Ye, Jie Yuan, Chao Ren, Xia Wang, Siqi Wang, Yueshuai Guo, Qiqi Cao, Shuai Zhou, Bing Wang, Anlan He, Jiongsong Hu, Xuejiang Guo, Wenjie Shu, Ran Huo
Initiation of timely and sufficient zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is crucial for the beginning of life, yet our knowledge of transcription factors (TFs) contributing to ZGA remains limited. Here, we screened the proteome of early mouse embryos after cycloheximide (CHX) treatment and identified maternally derived KLF17 as a potential TF for ZGA genes. Using a conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model, we further investigated the role of maternal KLF17 and found that it promotes embryonic development and full fertility...
January 31, 2024: Developmental Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325149/optimizing-oocyte-electroporation-for-genetic-modification-of-porcine-embryos-evaluation-of-the-parthenogenetic-activation
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Celia Piñeiro-Silva, Joaquín Gadea
In reproductive biology, understanding the effects of novel techniques on early embryo development is of paramount importance. To date, the effects of electrical activation on oocytes prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF) are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oocyte electroporation prior to IVF on embryo development and to differentiate between true embryos and parthenotes by using a TPCN2 knock-out (KO) male to evaluate the presence of the KO allele in the resulting blastocysts...
February 1, 2024: Theriogenology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38317092/the-impact-of-selective-hdac-inhibitors-on-the-transcriptome-of-early-mouse-embryos
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruiqi Shao, Takayoshi Suzuki, Mikita Suyama, Yuichi Tsukada
BACKGROUND: Histone acetylation, which is regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), plays a crucial role in the control of gene expression. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have shown potential in cancer therapy; however, the specific roles of HDACs in early embryos remain unclear. Moreover, although some pan-HDACi have been used to maintain cellular undifferentiated states in early embryos, the specific mechanisms underlying their effects remain unknown...
February 5, 2024: BMC Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38308190/zygotic-splicing-activation-of-the-transcriptome-is-a-crucial-aspect-of-maternal-to-zygotic-transition-and-required-for-the-conversion-from-totipotency-to-pluripotency
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hua Zhang, Yang Wang, Zhe-Wei Hu, Yun-Wen Wu, Nuo Chen, Yi-Min Zhu, Yuan-Song Yu, Heng-Yu Fan, Hua-Nan Wang
During maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) in the embryo, mRNA undergoes complex post-transcriptional regulatory processes. However, it is unclear whether and how alternative splicing plays a functional role in MZT. By analyzing transcriptome changes in mouse and human early embryos, dynamic changes in alternative splicing during MZT are observed and a previously unnoticed process of zygotic splicing activation (ZSA) following embryonic transcriptional activation is described. As the underlying mechanism of RNA splicing, splicing factors undergo dramatic maternal-to-zygotic conversion...
February 2, 2024: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38305985/pivotal-role-for-long-noncoding-rnas-in-zygotic-genome-activation-in-mice
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kang Chen, Wenju Liu, Jiang Zhu, Xiaochen Kou, Yanhong Zhao, Hong Wang, Cizhong Jiang, Shaorong Gao, Lan Kang
Vertebrate life begins with fertilization, and then the zygote genome is activated after transient silencing, a process termed zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Despite its fundamental role in totipotency and the initiation of life, the precise mechanism underlying ZGA initiation remains unclear. The existence of minor ZGA implies the possible critical role of noncoding RNAs in the initiation of ZGA. Here, we delineate the expression profile of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in early mouse embryonic development and elucidate their critical role in minor ZGA...
January 26, 2024: Science China. Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38288760/transition-from-totipotency-to-pluripotency-in-mice-insights-into-molecular-mechanisms
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Vega-Sendino, Sergio Ruiz
Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to develop into a full organism and, in mammals, is strictly associated with the early stages of development following fertilization. This unlimited developmental potential becomes quickly restricted as embryonic cells transition into a pluripotent state. The loss of totipotency seems a consequence of the zygotic genome activation (ZGA), a process that determines the switch from maternal to embryonic transcription, which in mice takes place following the first cleavage...
January 30, 2024: Biochemical Society Transactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38284273/protective-efficacy-of-nerium-oleander-extract-on-spermatogenesis-in-streptozotocin-induced-diabetic-rats
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Afrooz Karimi, Farhad Kohpeyma, Ebrahim Asadi, Maryam Ziyaee, Samaneh Karimi
Men with diabetes frequently experience spermatogenic dysfunction, which is the most significant sign that diabetes has harmed their ability to reproduce. The effect of various doses of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leaves on the pituitary-gonadal axis, sperm motility and number, antioxidant system, changes in testicular tissue structure, and spermatogenesis in healthy and diabetic rats has been examined in the current study. Eighty male rats that had been streptozotocin-induced diabetic and healthy were divided into eight groups: (1) control, (2) Nerium (50 mg/kg), (3) Nerium (100 mg/kg), (4) Nerium (200 mg/kg), (5) DM (6) DM+ Nerium (50 mg/kg), (7) DM+ Nerium (100 mg/kg) and (8) DM+ Nerium (200 mg/kg) and were administered orally for 48 days consecutive...
January 29, 2024: Zygote: the Biology of Gametes and Early Embryos
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38278786/marc-3-a-membrane-associated-ubiquitin-ligase-is-required-for-fast-polyspermy-block-in-caenorhabditis-elegans
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ichiro Kawasaki, Kenta Sugiura, Taeko Sasaki, Noriyuki Matsuda, Miyuki Sato, Ken Sato
In many sexually reproducing organisms, oocytes are fundamentally fertilized with one sperm. In Caenorhabditis elegans, chitin layer formation after fertilization by the EGG complex is one of the mechanisms of polyspermy block, but other mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that MARC-3, a membrane-associated RING-CH-type ubiquitin ligase that localizes to the plasma membrane and cortical puncta in oocytes, is involved in fast polyspermy block. During polyspermy, the second sperm entry occurs within approximately 10 s after fertilization in MARC-3-deficient zygotes, whereas it occurs approximately 200 s after fertilization in egg-3 mutant zygotes defective in the chitin layer formation...
January 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38277795/acidosis-defense-mechanisms-in-the-preimplantation-stages-of-embryos-in-balb-c-strain-mice
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Senay Dagilgan, Ebru Dundar-Yenilmez, Abdullah Tuli, Ibrahim Ferhat Urunsak, Seref Erdogan
Regulation of intracellular pH (pHi ) is an important homeostatic function of cells. There are three major pHi regulatory mechanisms: the HCO3 - /Cl- exchanger (AE), which alleviates alkalosis, and the Na+ /H+ exchanger (NHE) and Na+ ,HCO3 - /Cl- exchanger (NDBCE), both of which counteract acidosis. NHE activity, which is high at the germinal vesicle stage of oocyte, is inhibited during meiotic maturation, while this inhibition is abolished when the oocyte reaches the pronuclear (PN) stage of the zygote. On the other hand, we have previously found that NDBCE performs complementary regulation against acidosis during meiotic maturation...
January 19, 2024: Theriogenology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262796/degradation-and-translation-of-maternal-mrna-for-embryogenesis
#40
REVIEW
Guanghui Yang, Qiliang Xin, Jurrien Dean
Maternal mRNAs accumulate during egg growth and must be judiciously degraded or translated to ensure successful development of mammalian embryos. In this review we integrate recent investigations into pathways controlling rapid degradation of maternal mRNAs during the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Degradation is not indiscriminate, and some mRNAs are selectively protected and rapidly translated after fertilization for reprogramming the zygotic genome during early embryogenesis. Oocyte specific cofactors and pathways have been illustrated to control different futures of maternal mRNAs...
January 22, 2024: Trends in Genetics: TIG
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