keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535579/detection-of-chlamydia-psittaci-in-the-genital-tract-of-horses-and-in-environmental-samples-a-pilot-study-in-sardinia
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaia Muroni, Elisa Serra, Giovanni Paolo Biggio, Daniela Sanna, Raffaele Cherchi, Andrea Taras, Simonetta Appino, Cipriano Foxi, Giovanna Masala, Federica Loi, Valentina Chisu
The members of the Chlamydiaceae family are important pathogens that infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans. Among them, Chlamydia psittaci , historically considered as an avian agent, has recently been identified in livestock, primarily sheep and cattle, but also in horses, with the infection being linked to reproductive disorders, such as abortion, absorption of embryos, stillbirth, and the birth of weak foals. Much less is known about chlamydial infections in the Sardinian equine population...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509425/first-description-of-rhodococcus-equi-infection-in-common-bottlenose-dolphin-tursiops-truncatus
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Oliviero, Doriana Iaccarino, Emanuele Esposito, Gianluigi Paduano, Fabio Di Nocera, Giorgia Borriello, Rubina Paradiso, Barbara Degli Uberti, Maria Dimatteo, Maria Grazia Amoroso, Giuseppe Lucifora, Giovanna Fusco, Esterina De Carlo
Rhodococcus equi is a terrestrial bacterium and a common pathogen in foals (Equus caballus), in which causes pneumonia. This report describes for the first time the infection caused by R. equi in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) stranded in the Calabrian coast, Italy. The post mortem examination of the animal revealed lesions in lung and colon. The animal was also positive to dolphin morbillivirus. The histological study showed lesions attributable to R. equi infection, such as pyogranulomatous bacterial pneumonia and chronic granulomatous colitis...
March 21, 2024: Veterinary Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491518/serological-investigation-and-isolation-of-salmonella-abortus-equi-in-horses-in-xinjiang
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhanhai Mai, Han Fu, Ronghao Miao, Chong Lu, Xiaosong Zhang, Ziwen Yuan, Peng Ji, Yongli Hua, Chen Wang, Yuhui Ma, Haifeng Deng, Yanming Wei
BACKGROUND: Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar abortus equi (S. abortus equi) is one of the main pathogens that causes abortion in pregnant horses and donkeys, which was highly infectious and greatly restricts the healthy development of the horse industry. OBJECTIVES: In order to investigate the prevalence and biological characteristics of S. abortus equi in different regions and breeds of horses in Xinjiang. METHODS: This study conducted ELISA detection of S...
March 15, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491360/dystocia-in-cattle-and-horses-a-compilation-of-historical-artworks-dedicated-to-professor-gerhard-sand-1861-1921
#4
REVIEW
Jørgen Steen Agerholm, Mette Christoffersen, Jan Boysen-Møller Secher, Annika Normann, Hanne Gervi Pedersen
Professor Gerhard Sand (1861-1921) was the first professor of veterinary obstetrics at the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark. He began teaching the theory and practice of obstetrics to veterinary students in 1887 and spent the following years until his death in 1921 developing the veterinary obstetrics teaching program. During this period, veterinary obstetrics was established as an independent discipline at the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University. Professor Sand's teaching had a major impact on the field of veterinary obstetrics in Scandinavia...
March 15, 2024: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479105/trimethoprim-sulfonamide-a-valid-antimicrobial-treatment-in-foals
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kajsa Gustafsson, Benjamin W Sykes, Denis Verwilghen, Katrien Palmers, Stacey Sullivan, Gaby van Galen
Trimethoprim-sulfonamide (TMPS) combinations are widely used to treat a range of infectious diseases in horses, but some equine practitioners are reluctant to use them for treatment of both neonatal and older foals. Considering the emergence of increased antimicrobial resistance, the use of protected antimicrobials commonly prescribed to foals should be avoided and alternative first-line therapy considered, where appropriate. This review examines the characteristics and pharmacokinetics of TMPS and its suitability for treatment of foals...
March 13, 2024: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473169/forced-handling-decreases-emotionality-but-does-not-improve-young-horses-responses-toward-humans-and-their-adaptability-to-stress
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inês Pereira-Figueiredo, Ilda Rosa, Consuelo Sancho Sanchez
Horses are often still exposed to stressful or inadequate conditions and difficult relationships with humans, despite growing concerns about animal welfare. In the present study, we investigated the impact of different approaches of short-term handling sessions on young Lusitanian horses raised on a high-breed farm, specifically on their later adaptability to humans and stressful environments. Thirty-one foals (3 months old ± 15 days), from both sexes, were separated into three groups, one submitted to 3 consecutive days of handling sessions (Int-H), another to one handling session each month for 3 months (Month-H), and one left undisturbed (control)...
March 2, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473144/follicular-dynamics-and-pregnancy-rates-during-foal-heat-in-colombian-paso-fino-mares-bred-under-permanent-grazing
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mauricio Cardona-García, Claudia Jiménez-Escobar, María S Ferrer, Juan G Maldonado-Estrada
No studies have evaluated the peripartum follicular dynamics resulting in foal heat under tropical environments. We aimed to assess retrospectively the peripartum follicular dynamics in Colombian Paso Fino mares that were inseminated at the foal heat, becoming pregnant or not. Records including follicular dynamics of pregnant mares prepartum and from foaling until foal heat ovulation were assessed in Colombian Paso Fino mares (CPF, n = 24) bred under permanent grazing in a tropical herd in Colombia. The number of ovarian follicles >10 mm before foaling and the largest follicle (F1) growth rate (mm/day) from foaling until the F1 reached the largest diameter (pre-ovulatory size) at the foal heat were assessed...
February 29, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471637/retrospective-analysis-of-factors-associated-with-umbilical-diseases-in-foals
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Perina, J Mariella, N Ellero, F Freccero, C Castagnetti, A Lanci
In neonatal foals, umbilical remnants can be affected by infectious and non-infectious diseases. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate historical, management and clinical factors that may be related to the occurrence of umbilical remnant diseases. Clinical reports of foals born or hospitalized within 24h of life during the 2017-2021 foaling seasons were reviewed. Forty/183 foals (21.9%) developed umbilical remnant diseases (URD group), while 143/183 foals (78.1%) had normal umbilical remnants (NUR group)...
March 10, 2024: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426354/dystocia-frequency-and-causes-in-horses-with-pregnancy-disorders-or-a-history-of-dystocia-a-prospective-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markus Ellerbrock, Judith Krohn, Kathrin Büttner, Axel Wehrend
Dystocia typically presents a life-threatening condition for both the mare and the foal. This prospective long-term study aimed to ascertain whether mares with prior pregnancy disorders or a history of dystocia were at a higher risk of experiencing subsequent dystocia in comparison to those without such medical antecedents. To achieve this goal, the authors analysed 207 parturitions and 164 mares over a 10-year period. Of these, 57 were associated with pregnancy disorders or prior dystocia (Group 1), while 150 parturitions followed uneventful pregnancies in mares that had not yet experienced dystocia (Group 2)...
March 2024: Reproduction in Domestic Animals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38421980/the-n-terminal-domain-is-required-for-cell-surface-localisation-of-vapa-a-member-of-the-vap-family-of-rhodococcus-equi-virulence-proteins
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raúl Miranda-CasoLuengo, Zeynep Yerlikaya, Haixia Luo, Cheng Cheng, Alfonso Blanco, Albert Haas, Wim G Meijer
Rhodococcus equi pneumonia is an important cause of mortality in foals worldwide. Virulent equine isolates harbour an 80-85kb virulence plasmid encoding six virulence-associated proteins (Vaps). VapA, the main virulence factor of this intracellular pathogen, is known to be a cell surface protein that creates an intracellular niche for R. equi growth. In contrast, VapC, VapD and VapE are secreted into the intracellular milieu. Although these Vaps share very high degree of sequence identity in the C-terminal domain, the N-terminal domain (N-domain) of VapA is distinct...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403663/changes-in-aspects-of-hoof-and-distal-limb-conformation-in-foals-by-radiographic-evaluation
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasumitsu Kotoyori, Yoshiro Endo, Harutaka Murase, Fumio Sato, Kenji Korosue
This study investigated age-related radiographic changes in the distal parts of the forelimbs by radiographic evaluation and identified the radiographic changes associated with diseases specific to foals. The hoof angle (HA), distal phalanx angle (P3A), distal phalanx palmer angle (P3PA), distal interphalangeal joint angle (DIPJA), and metacarpophalangeal joint angle (MPJA) on lateromedial radiographs of forelimbs were measured on the day after birth (Day 1); at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age; and then at monthly intervals until 12 months of age...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38393110/antimicrobial-residue-accumulation-contributes-to-higher-levels-of-rhodococcus-equi-carrying-resistance-genes-in-the-environment-of-horse-breeding-farms
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Courtney Higgins, Noah D Cohen, Nathan Slovis, Melissa Boersma, Pankaj P Gaonkar, Daniel R Golden, Laura Huber
Antimicrobial residues excreted in the environment following antimicrobial treatment enhance resistant microbial communities in the environment and have long-term effects on the selection and maintenance of antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRGs). In this study, we focused on understanding the impact of antimicrobial use on antimicrobial residue pollution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment of horse-breeding farms. Rhodococcus equi is an ideal microbe to study these associations because it lives naturally in the soil, exchanges AMRGs with other bacteria in the environment, and can cause disease in animals and humans...
February 17, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38383954/evaluation-of-the-effectiveness-of-single-nucleotide-polymorphisms-compared-to-microsatellite-markers-for-parentage-verification-in-moroccan-horses
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
O Aminou, B Badaoui, M Machmoum, M Piro
The International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) currently advocates for a transition towards single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers as a potential alternative for equine parentage verification. To ascertain the efficacy of this transition, it is imperative to evaluate the performance of parentage testing using SNPs in juxtaposition with short tandem repeats (STRs). As per ISAG's recommendation, we used an equine genotyping-by-sequencing panel with 144 SNPs for this purpose. Equine parentage is currently realized using 16 microsatellites (STRs) excluding the LEX3 marker...
February 21, 2024: Animal Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382971/-rhodococcus-equi-infections-in-humans-an-emerging-zoonotic-pathogen
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shinji Takai, Yasutaka Mizuno, Yasunori Suzuki, Yukako Sasaki, Tsutomu Kakuda, Teruo Kirikae
Rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular gram-positive coccobacillus which is a well-known cause of foal pneumonia and/or enteritis in equine veterinary medicine. More than 300 cases of R. equi infection have been reported since the first description of human disease in 1968. Most patients who become infected with R equi are immunocompromised, such as those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), recipients of organ transplantation, and patients receiving cancer treatment. However, there are increasing reports of the immunocompetent hosts...
2024: Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Bacteriology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378526/growth-performance-nutrient-digestibility-fecal-microbial-diversity-and-volatile-fatty-acid-and-blood-biochemical-indices-of-suckling-donkeys-fed-diets-supplemented-with-multienzymes
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao Li, Xuan Yue Li, Xiao Bin Li, Chen Ma, Hui Chen, Fan Yang
BACKGROUND: As the foal grows, the amount of breast milk produced by the donkey decreases. In such cases, early supplemental feeding is particularly important to meet the growth needs of the foal. Foals have an incompletely developed gastrointestinal tract with a homogenous microbiota and produce insufficient amounts of digestive enzymes, which limit their ability to digest and utilize forage. Improving the utilization of early supplemental feeds, promoting gastrointestinal tract development, and enriching microbial diversity are the hotspots of rapid growth research in dairy foals...
February 21, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353172/success-rates-and-factors-influencing-pregnancy-outcome-after-464-transvaginal-ultrasound-guided-twin-reductions-in-the-mare
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jutta Sielhorst, Sophie Baade, Kim-Carolin Neudeck, Anna Tönissen, Karl Rohn, Fiona Hollinshead, Harald Sieme
BACKGROUND: Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration (TUA) is used for post-fixation twin reduction in mares. However, there is limited information regarding factors that influence pregnancy outcome after TUA. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of day of gestation on which TUA is performed, aspiration volume, puncture of the conceptus, medication administered before and after TUA, embryo location, mare age and parity and operator experience on pregnancy and foaling rates after TUA...
February 14, 2024: Equine Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328361/investigating-the-suitability-of-a-transponder-based-birth-monitoring-system-attached-to-the-vulva-of-a-mare
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Lindinger, Axel Wehrend
BACKGROUND AND AIM: In horse breeding, birth monitoring is an important factor in minimizing losses during parturition. Although different birth monitoring systems are available for this purpose, the current literature lacks systematic suitability analyses. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature. In order to achieve this, we examined a large number of foaling mares to assess the suitability of a transponder-based birth monitoring system attached to the vulva. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy warmblood mares were observed during foaling, and 86 foals were born during the foaling seasons of 2021 and 2022...
December 2023: Veterinary World
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38327457/immunity-transfer-in-mule-foals-fed-with-good-igg-quality-colostrum
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luca Turini, Bindi Francesca, Vernaccini Matilde, Bonelli Francesca, Meucci Valentina, Sgorbini Micaela
While the passive transfer of immunity in horse and donkey foals has been extensively studied, there is limited information for mule foals. Immunoglobulin type G (IgG) and serum total protein concentration (TP) were assessed at different sampling times to evaluate the correlation between serum radial immunodiffusion (SRID) with electrophoresis, refractometry, and dry chemistry analyzer (Biuret), and to estimate serum IgG concentrations using serum TP in mule foals. We analyzed a total of 30 samples collected at birth, and at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of life from 6 mule foals by SRID, electrophoresis TP, biuret TP, and refractometry TP...
February 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38305240/clinicopathologic-evaluation-of-congenital-idiopathic-megaesophagus-in-a-gordon-setter-puppy-a-case-report-and-development-and-application-of-peripherin-immunohistochemistry-for-detection-of-ganglion-cells
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cecilie B Becker, Henrik E Jensen
We examined a case of congenital idiopathic megaesophagus (CIM) in a 5-wk-old female Gordon Setter puppy by means of contrast radiography, autopsy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Clinical and radiologic findings included weight stagnation and marked generalized esophageal dilation with ventral displacement of the heart and lungs. These findings were confirmed at autopsy, and segments of the thoracic esophagus were sampled for histopathology. On histopathology, diffuse esophageal muscular atrophy, mucosal erosions, mononuclear inflammation, and a marked reduction in the number of myenteric plexus structures and number of ganglion cells were present (aganglionosis)...
February 2, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38299872/reproductive-traits-in-pura-raza-espa%C3%A3-ola-mares-manifest-inbreeding-depression-from-low-levels-of-homozygosity
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nora Laseca, Chiraz Ziadi, Davinia I Perdomo-Gonzalez, Mercedes Valera, Sebastián Demyda-Peyras, Antonio Molina
Inbreeding depression is a genetic phenomenon associated with the loss of fitness and mean phenotypic performance due to mating between relatives. Historically, inbreeding coefficients have been estimated from pedigree information. However, the onset of genomic selection programs provides large datasets of individuals genotyped using SNP arrays, enabling more precise assessment of an individual's genomic-level inbreeding using genomic data. One of the traits most sensitive to issues stemming from increased inbreeding is reproduction...
February 1, 2024: Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics
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