"Envenomation" OR "Snake Bite" OR "Pressure Immobilisation Bandage" OR "Pressure Immobilization Bandage" OR "PIB" OR "Spider Bite" OR "Insect Bite" OR "Bites And Stings" OR "Marine Sting" OR "Mammalian Bite" OR "Octopus" OR "Jellyfish" OR "Stonefish"

INTRODUCTION: We assessed a genetic risk score for Alzheimer's disease (AD-GRS) and apolipoprotein E (APOE4) in an exploratory neuroimaging substudy of the FINGER trial. METHODS: 1260 at-risk older individuals without dementia were randomized to multidomain lifestyle intervention or health advice. N = 126 participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and N = 47 positron emission tomography (PET) scans (Pittsburgh Compund B [PiB], Fluorodeoxyglucose) at baseline; N = 107 and N = 38 had repeated 2-year scans...

Honeybee bites are a common public health hazard, the incidence of which is gradually increasing. A bee sting incident involving more than fifty stings is categorized as massive envenomation. The clinical manifestations of honey bee stings can range from localized symptoms to severe allergic and systemic reactions.This case study presents a 60-year-old male who experienced multi-organ failure following a severe bee sting incident. According to our research, this is the first documented instance in Somalia of multi-organ failure resulting from a sting by a giant honey bee...

Bismuth-based materials have been recognized as the appealing anodes for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity. However, the kinetics sluggishness and capacity decline induced by the structure distortion predominately retard their further development. Here, a heterostructure of polyaniline intercalated Bi2 O2 CO3 /MXene (BOC-PA/MXene) hybrids is reported via simple self-assembly strategy. The ingenious design of heterointerface-rich architecture motivates significantly the interior self-built-in electric field (IEF) and high-density electron flow, thus accelerating the charge transfer and boosting ion diffusion...

Catuneragam nilotica has been used in ethnomedicine to treat snakebite, inflammation, and diarrhea among others. The aim of this research is to isolate, and characterize potential potential phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) inhibitors from the roots of C. nilotica. The plant material was collected, authenticated, and sequentially extracted using solvents of increasing polarity starting from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The extracts as reported in our previous work, were screened in vitro for their inhibitory activity against PLA2 enzyme from N...

This study investigates the multifunctional bioactivities of pepsin-hydrolyzed jellyfish by-products (Rhopilema hispidum and Lobonema smithii), focusing on their anti-α-glucosidase activity, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-bacterial properties, and ability to inhibit biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. Our findings revealed that jellyfish protein hydrolysates, particularly from Rhopilema hispidum, exhibit significant anti-α-glucosidase activity, surpassing the well-known α-glucosidase inhibitor Acarbose...

The impact of microbiome in animal physiology is well appreciated, but characterization of animal-microbe symbiosis in marine environments remains a growing need. This study characterizes the microbial communities associated with the moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea, first isolated from the East Pacific Ocean and has since been utilized as an experimental system. We find that the microbiome of this Pacific Aurelia culture is dominated by two taxa, a Mollicutes and Rickettsiales. The microbiome is stable across life stages, although composition varies...

The evolution of two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) provides a significant prospect for researching the next generation of green and advanced energy storage systems (ESSs). Especially, conjugation and topology engineering serve as an irreplaceable character in adjusting the electrochemical properties of ESSs. Herein, we proposed a novel strategy using conjugation and topology engineering to demonstrate the application of 2D c-MOFs in robust potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) for the first time...

INTRODUCTION: Snakebite envenomation is a significant life-threatening public health problem in Southeast Asia (SEA). In this region, India reported the largest number of snakebite deaths from 2000 to 2019 (1.2 million), with an average of 58,000 deaths yearly. METHODS: This prospective observational study was carried out among snakebite victims at the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care public sector hospital in eastern India. RESULTS: A total of 145 cases of venomous snakebite were investigated...

This study applies Jellyfish Search Algorithm and five other algorithms to minimize the electricity generation cost of two hybrid systems for one operating day. The first system comprises one pumped storage hydroelectric plant and two thermal power plants. The second system is expanded by integrating one wind and one solar photovoltaic power plant into the first system. For each system during one operating day, the pumped storage hydroelectric plant with only generation mode acts as a conventional hydroelectric plant in the first scenario...

Nowadays, more than two billion inhabitants of underdeveloped tropical and subtropical countries are at risk of being stung by scorpions. Scorpion stings annually cause 2000-3000 deaths as they can lead to the respiratory and/or cardiovascular complications. Pathogenesis of lung damage under scorpion envenomation is often comprehensive. Respiratory failure can have a cardiogenic origin, associated with venom neurotoxin action. However, some venom components can stimulate pro-inflammatory signaling cascades followed by cytokines synthesis, recruit and activate immune cells, participating in the inflammatory response in lung injury...

Snakebite envenoming is a global health issue that affects millions of people worldwide, and that causes morbidity rates surpassing 450,000 individuals annually. Patients suffering from snakebite morbidities may experience permanent disabilities such as pain, blindness and amputations. The (local) tissue damage that causes these life-long morbidities is the result of cell- and tissue-damaging toxins present in the venoms. These compounds belong to a variety of toxin classes and may affect cells in various ways, for example, by affecting the cell membrane...

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected vector-borne parasitic disease prevalent in 92 countries with approximately one million new infections annually. Interactions between vector saliva and the human host alter the response to infection and outcome of disease. METHODS: To characterize the human immunological responses developed against saliva of Phlebotomus duboscqi , a Leishmania major (L. major) vector, we repeatedly exposed the arms of 14 healthy U...

African spitting cobra, Naja nigricincta nigricincta (Zebra snake), envenomation is an important cause of snakebite morbidity and mortality in Namibia. The snake is endemic to central and northern Namibia as well as southern Angola. The venom is mainly cytotoxic, resulting in aggressive dermo-necrosis and often accompanied by severe systemic complications. No specific antivenom exists. Rhabdomyolysis, systemic inflammatory response, haemostatic abnormalities, infective necrotising fasciitis as well as acute kidney failure have been documented...

We tested the effects of relational and instrumental message strategies on US residents' perception of rattlesnakes-animals that tend to generate feelings of fear, disgust, or hatred but are nevertheless key members of healthy ecosystems. We deployed an online survey to social media users (n = 1,182) to describe perceptions of rattlesnakes and assess the change after viewing a randomly selected relational or instrumental video message. An 8-item, pre-and post-Rattlesnake Perception Test (RPT) evaluated perception variables along emotional, knowledge, and behavioral gradients on a 5-point Likert scale; the eight responses were combined to produce an Aggregate Rattlesnake Perception (ARP) score for each participant...

Dicyemids (phylum Dicyemida) are the most common and most characteristic endosymbionts in the renal sacs of benthic cephalopod molluscs: octopuses and cuttlefishes. Typically, 2 or 3 dicyemid species are found in a single specimen of the host, and most dicyemids have high host specificity. Host-specific parasites are restricted to a limited range of host species by ecological barriers that impede dispersal and successful establishment; therefore, phylogenies of interacting groups are often congruent due to repeated co-speciation...

BACKGROUND: Bites caused by European vipers are rare medical emergencies but can occasionally cause life-threatening complications. Viper venom causes local symptoms, which can be accompanied by systemic manifestations in severe cases. The local effects of snakebites include edema and, more rarely, necrosis and compartment syndrome. The consequences of envenomation are often more pronounced in children due to their smaller body size. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 6-year-old girl who experienced multiple viper bites in the lower limb in northwest Italy...

Marine animals equipped with sensors provide vital information for understanding their ecophysiology and collect oceanographic data on climate change and for resource management. Existing methods for attaching sensors to marine animals mostly rely on invasive physical anchors, suction cups, and rigid glues. These methods can suffer from limitations, particularly for adhering to soft fragile marine species such as squid and jellyfish, including slow complex operations, unreliable fixation, tissue trauma, and behavior changes of the animals...

This case of Pleisimonas shigelloides bacteremia resulting after a catfish barb injury highlights an unusual presentation of a common condition that requires alternative therapy for successful treatment. An otherwise healthy male in his early 40s presented to the emergency department with sepsis and rapidly spreading cellulitis shortly after a catfish injury at a freshwater lake. His broad-spectrum antibiotics were narrowed to ciprofloxacin when P. shigelloides grew from his blood culture. The case presents a unique mode of bacteremia, as usually P...

Neuston, situated at the air-sea interface, stands as a crucial frontier in the realm of the global warming. Despite its unique habitat, there remains a need to substantiate the composition, diel dynamic and biotic-abiotic interaction of neustonic zooplankton in the tropical seas. In this study, we present rare observational data on neustonic zooplankton (0-20 cm) in the oligotrophic tropical South China Sea (SCS) during the summer of 2022. A total of eighteen samples were collected and analyzed, revealing the presence of fourteen taxa from eight phyla...

Snakebite envenomation (SBE) constitutes a public health, social, and economic problem affecting poor communities in intertropical and subtropical regions. This review sought to synthesize literature on snakebite envenomation in Benin to highlight research perspectives and strategies for better management of the menace. A literature search performed in multidisciplinary electronic databases showed that the prevalence of SBE is high in Benin, but the incidences, associated morbidities, and mortalities are greatly underestimated...