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REVIEW
Christopher Lloyd, Camilo Mohar, James Priano
PURPOSE: Hypokalemic cardiac arrest is an uncommon occurrence in the emergency department. Electrocardiogram findings related to hypokalemic cardiac arrest include prolonged QT, U waves, and preventricular contractions leading to Torsades de Pointes and then arrest. Literature evaluating the prevalence of hypokalemic cardiac arrest is scarce, and its management is lacking. This review provides a summary of current literature, recommendations from current guidelines, and proposed management strategies of hypokalemic cardiac arrest...
May 2022: Journal of Emergency Nursing: JEN: Official Publication of the Emergency Department Nurses Association
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chunyun Du, Henggui Zhang, Stephen C Harmer, Jules C Hancox
The T618I KCNH2-encoded hERG mutation is the most frequently observed mutation in genotyped cases of the congenital short QT syndrome (SQTS), a cardiac condition associated with ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. Most T618I hERG carriers exhibit a pronounced U wave on the electrocardiogram and appear vulnerable to ventricular, but not atrial fibrillation (AF). The basis for these effects is unclear. This study used the action potential (AP) voltage clamp technique to determine effects of the T618I mutation on hERG current (IhERG ) elicited by APs from different cardiac regions...
March 12, 2022: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian Berger, Josephine Kermer, Joachim Behr, Jeanette Schulz-Menger, Süleyman Bilal, Sarah Luise Osterland, Grace O'Malley, Tom Bschor, Peter Schlattmann, Thomas Stamm, Bruno Steinacher, Walter de Millas, Christoph Richter, Andreas Heinz, Mazda Adli, Pichit Buspavanich, Roland Ricken
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: Lithium augmentation of antidepressants represents a common strategy to overcome treatment resistance in patients with major depressive disorder. The use of lithium has been associated with cardiovascular adverse effects such as QTc prolongation and tachyarrhythmia. Although the previous studies investigated monotherapy with lithium, the aim of this study was to investigate electrocardiographic changes in LA. METHODS/PROCEDURES: A 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) was obtained from 38 patients with major depressive disorder before and during LA...
January 2022: Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koji Takahashi, Mina Yamashita, Tomoki Sakaue, Daijiro Enomoto, Shigeki Uemura, Takafumi Okura, Shuntaro Ikeda, Masafumi Takemoto, Yutaka Utsunomiya, Takashi Hyodo, Masayuki Ochi, Satoshi Higuchi
RATIONALE: Recent studies have shown that QT interval prolongation is associated with disease severity and predicts mortality in systemic inflammatory diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. Systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines released from synovial tissues in rheumatoid arthritis, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, could have direct effects on cardiac electrophysiology, particularly changes in the expression and function of potassium and calcium channels, resulting in QT interval prolongation on surface electrocardiogram (ECG) and an increased predisposition to develop lethal ventricular arrhythmias...
September 17, 2021: Medicine (Baltimore)
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yeo Lee, Mohammad Reza Habibzadeh, Mohammad Reza Movahed
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 2021: American Journal of Medicine
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sajad Mousavi, Fatemeh Afghah, Fatemeh Khadem, U Rajendra Acharya
BACKGROUND: A language is constructed of a finite/infinite set of sentences composing of words. Similar to natural languages, the Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, the most common noninvasive tool to study the functionality of the heart and diagnose several abnormal arrhythmias, is made up of sequences of three or four distinct waves, including the P-wave, QRS complex, T-wave, and U-wave. An ECG signal may contain several different varieties of each wave (e.g., the QRS complex can have various appearances)...
February 9, 2021: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Moritz Till Huttelmaier, Björn Lengenfelder, Wolfgang Rudolf Bauer, Thomas Horst Fischer
Background: Cardiac arrhythmias are a serious complication in patients admitted due to intoxication in suicidal attempts. Upon admission, detailed information about the specific kind of intoxication are frequently missing. The differential diagnoses of electrocardiogram (ECG) changes such as elevation of T-waves, prolongation of the QT-interval or elevation of ST-segments in this special subgroup of patients comprise drug-induced electrolyte disorders or direct toxic effects on cardiac excitation and repolarization...
February 2021: European Heart Journal. Case Reports
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ajai Chari, Markus Munder, Katja Weisel, Matthew Jenner, Ceri Bygrave, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Mario Boccadoro, Michele Cavo, Niels W C J van de Donk, Mehmet Turgut, Fatih Demirkan, Ihsan Karadogan, Edward Libby, Robert Kleiman, Steven Kuppens, Rajesh Bandekar, Tobias Neff, Christoph Heuck, Ming Qi, Pamela L Clemens, Hartmut Goldschmidt
INTRODUCTION: Daratumumab is a CD38-targeting monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated clinical benefit for multiple myeloma. Daratumumab inhibition of CD38, which is expressed on immune cell populations and cardiomyocytes, could potentially affect cardiac function. This QTc substudy of the phase 2 CENTAURUS study investigated the potential effect of intravenous daratumumab monotherapy on QTc prolongation and other electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, including concentration-QTc effect modeling...
January 20, 2021: Advances in Therapy
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dae-Young Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Min Kim, In-Soo Kim, Moo-Nyun Jin, Hee Tae Yu, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jong-Youn Kim, Boyoung Joung, Hui-Nam Pak, Moon-Hyoung Lee
BACKGROUND: Short QT syndrome is a rare, inherited channelopathy associated with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) but the characteristics and prognosis of short QT interval (SQTI) in Korean patients remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of SQTI in a Korean population. METHODS: Consecutive patients with SQTI from January 1999 to March 2019 in three university hospitals in South Korea were recruited. SQTI was defined as a Bazett's formula-corrected QT interval (QTc) ≤ 340 ms in serial electrocardiograms...
January 6, 2021: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hesham A Elkaranshawy, Ahmed M E Ali, Ismail M Abdelrazik
The main objective of this research work is to develop an effective mathematical model of cardiac conduction system using a heterogeneous whole-heart model. The model is in the form of a system of modified Van der Pol and FitzHugh-Nagumo differential equations capable of describing the heart dynamics. The proposed model extends the range of normal and pathological electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms that can be generated by the model. The effects of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the Mayer waves (MW) are both incorporated to modulate the intrinsic frequency of the main oscillator that represents the sinoatrial node...
December 19, 2020: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamidreza Riasi, Navid Rabiee, Tayebeh Chahkandi, Forough Arzanin, Siavash Kafian Atary, Forod Salehi
OBJECTIVES: Opioid poisoning in children is a common pediatric emergency in Iran. The emergence and spread of new synthetic opioids have come up with new consequences in case of toxicity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate electrocardiographic changes in children with acute opiate poisoning. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on all children with opioid poisoning admitted to the emergency ward of Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Birjand, Iran, from December 2015 to February 2017...
December 3, 2019: Pediatric Emergency Care
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hitoshi Horigome, Yasuhiro Ishikawa, Norito Kokubun, Masao Yoshinaga, Naokata Sumitomo, Lisheng Lin, Yoshiaki Kato, Yuri Tanabe-Kameda, Seiko Ohno, Masami Nagashima, Minoru Horie
BACKGROUND: The exact differences between the TU wave complex of ATS1 and that of healthy individuals remain to be investigated. We sought to characterize the TU wave complex of Andersen-Tawil syndrome type 1 (ATS1) using high frequency electrocardiogram (ECG) data. METHODS: Electrocardiograms were recorded as time series data with a 2 kHz frequency ECG amplifier in 13 patients with ATS1 (positive for KCNJ2 mutation, ATS1 group) and age-matched healthy individuals (control group)...
November 14, 2019: Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lia Crotti, Carla Spazzolini, David J Tester, Alice Ghidoni, Alban-Elouen Baruteau, Britt-Maria Beckmann, Elijah R Behr, Jeffrey S Bennett, Connie R Bezzina, Zahurul A Bhuiyan, Alpay Celiker, Marina Cerrone, Federica Dagradi, Gaetano M De Ferrari, Susan P Etheridge, Meena Fatah, Pablo Garcia-Pavia, Saleh Al-Ghamdi, Robert M Hamilton, Zuhair N Al-Hassnan, Minoru Horie, Juan Jimenez-Jaimez, Ronald J Kanter, Juan P Kaski, Maria-Christina Kotta, Najim Lahrouchi, Naomasa Makita, Gabrielle Norrish, Hans H Odland, Seiko Ohno, John Papagiannis, Gianfranco Parati, Nicole Sekarski, Kristian Tveten, Matteo Vatta, Gregory Webster, Arthur A M Wilde, Julianne Wojciak, Alfred L George, Michael J Ackerman, Peter J Schwartz
AIMS: Calmodulinopathies are rare life-threatening arrhythmia syndromes which affect mostly young individuals and are, caused by mutations in any of the three genes (CALM 1-3) that encode identical calmodulin proteins. We established the International Calmodulinopathy Registry (ICalmR) to understand the natural history, clinical features, and response to therapy of patients with a CALM-mediated arrhythmia syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: A dedicated Case Report File was created to collect demographic, clinical, and genetic information...
September 14, 2019: European Heart Journal
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppe Di Stolfo, Sandra Mastroianno, Angela Maggio, Giovanni De Luca, Domenico R Potenza, Mauro Pellegrino Salvatori, Aldo Russo
Background: Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor, clinically characterized by high blood pressure, palpitations, and headache. It is often associated with abnormalities of the ventricular repolarization phase; the dispersion of ventricular repolarization is the basis for ventricular arrhythmias (torsion de point, ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation). Objectives: Analysis of abnormal ventricular repolarization focused on the presence and amount of U wave in patients affected by pheochromocytoma and its modification after surgery...
2019: BioMed Research International
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen W Smith, Brooks Walsh, Ken Grauer, Kyuhyun Wang, Jeremy Rapin, Jia Li, William Fennell, Pierre Taboulet
BACKGROUND: Cardiologs® has developed the first electrocardiogram (ECG) algorithm that uses a deep neural network (DNN) for full 12‑lead ECG analysis, including rhythm, QRS and ST-T-U waves. We compared the accuracy of the first version of Cardiologs® DNN algorithm to the Mortara/Veritas® conventional algorithm in emergency department (ED) ECGs. METHODS: Individual ECG diagnoses were prospectively mapped to one of 16 pre-specified groups of ECG diagnoses, which were further classified as "major" ECG abnormality or not...
November 16, 2018: Journal of Electrocardiology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arttu Holkeri, Antti Eranti, M Anette Haukilahti, Tuomas Kerola, Tuomas V Kenttä, Kai Noponen, Tapio Seppänen, Harri Rissanen, Markku Heliövaara, Paul Knekt, M Juhani Junttila, Heikki V Huikuri, Aapo L Aro
Negative U-waves are a relatively rare finding in an electrocardiogram (ECG), but are often associated with cardiac disease. The prognostic significance of negative U-waves in the general population is unknown. We evaluated 12-lead ECGs of 6,518 adults (45% male, mean age 50.9 ± 13.8 years) for the presence of U-waves, and followed the subjects for 24.5 ± 10.3 years. Primary end points were all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and sudden cardiac death; secondary end point was hospitalization due to cardiac causes...
January 15, 2019: American Journal of Cardiology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Extramiana, O Milleron, S Elbitar, A Uccellini, M Langeois, M Spentchian, G Delorme, F Arnoult, I Denjoy, C Bouleti, V Fressart, F Iserin, P Maison-Blanche, M Abifadel, A Leenhardt, C Boileau, G Jondeau
Mutations in the TGFβR2 gene have been associated with a life threatening risk of aortic dissection but no arrhythmic death has been previously reported. Two young females carrying a TGFβR2 mutation, initially diagnosed as Marfan syndrome or Loeys Dietz syndrome, presented sudden death with autopsy ruling out dissection. The ECGs of the 2 Sudden Cardiac Deaths revealed profound ventricular repolarization abnormalities with a sinusoidal T-U morphology associated with normal left ventricular ejection fraction...
August 29, 2018: Scientific Reports
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M S Al-Karadi, A J Wilkinson, J Caldwell, P Langley
Major cardiac organisations recommend U wave abnormalities should be reported during ECG interpretation. However, U waves cannot be measured in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) due to the obscuring fibrillatory wave. The aim was to validate a U wave measurement algorithm for AF patients. Multi-beat averaging was applied to ECGs of 25 patients during paroxysms of AF and the presence of U waves compared to those from the same patients during sinus rhythm (SR). In a further database of 10 long-term AF recordings, the number of beats for effective U wave extraction by the algorithm was calculated...
August 9, 2018: Scientific Reports
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jason An, Branko Braam
RATIONALE: We hope to increase awareness that hypokalemic paralysis may be the first presentation of Sjögren syndrome, for which potassium-sparing diuretics can be an effective adjunct to potassium replenishment. PRESENTING CONCERNS: A 73-year-old female presented to a peripheral hospital with quadriparesis and a critically low serum potassium of 1.6 mmol/L with U waves on the electrocardiogram (ECG). The initial arterial blood gas showed a pH of 7.19, bicarbonate of 13 mEq/L, and a CO2 of 35 mm Hg...
2018: Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joris M G Theunissen, Heleen Lameijer
CLINICAL INTRODUCTION: A 44-year-old woman presents pain free to our ED after experiencing 45 min of tightening of the chest with radiation to her left arm, diaphoresis and nausea. Her vital signs are normal except for her high BP, which is 180/110. She reports recurrent episodes of chest pain in the past 1.5 weeks, unrelated to exercise. She visited a general practitioner who prescribed pain medication and treated her new-onset hypertension. Besides the recently found hypertension, heavy smoking is her only other traditional risk factor for cardiovascular disease...
April 2018: Emergency Medicine Journal: EMJ
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