Abbreviated MRI

OBJECTIVE: Divergent thinking is a critical creative cognitive process. Its neural mechanisms have been well-studied through structural and functional imaging in healthy individuals but are less explored in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Because of the traditional link between creativity and BD, this study investigated the structural correlates of divergent thinking in patients with BD through surface-based morphometry. METHODS: Fifty-nine patients diagnosed with BD I or BD II (35...

Introduction: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) is an infectious inflammatory pathology caused by a dental condition. Considering the anatomical relations with the orbit, maxillary sinus infection can easily spread, evolving into severe oculo-orbital complications that can sometimes be life-threatening. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective study of over 2 years, examining the data of 18 patients diagnosed with OMS with oculo-orbital complications. The patients were evaluated regarding their dental history, symptoms, clinical and endoscopic findings, ophthalmologic evaluation, bacteriologic tests, computed tomography (CT) imaging, medical and surgical treatment, and outcomes...

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common maternally inherited disease linked to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The patients present with subacute asymmetric bilateral vision loss. Approximately 95% of the LHON cases are caused by m.3460G>A ( MTND1 ), m.11778G>A ( MTND4 ), and m.14484T>C ( MTND6 ) mutations. The hallmark of hereditary optic neuropathies determined by mitochondrial dysfunction is the vulnerability and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). We present the case of a 28-year-old man who came to our clinic complaining of a subacute decrease in visual acuity of his left eye...

Aim: The research aimed to establish reference values of visual evoked potentials among school-aged children after brain injury. Methods: Eighteen patients with persisting visual symptoms after brain injury have been examined. A pattern-VEP test has been used during the examination. Results: The prolongation of the N2 wave in 55,6%-66,6%, P wave in 55,7%-66,7%, and N3 wave in 16,7%-22,2% was determined in the research group. Likewise, the decrease in the amplitude of the P wave was determined in the case of 16,7%-33,3%...

PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic value of abbreviated protocol (AP) MRI to detect the degeneration signs in branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) in patients undergoing a routine MRI follow-up. METHODS: This dual-center retrospective study include patients with BD-IPMN diagnosed on initial comprehensive protocol (CP) MRI who underwent routine MRI follow-up. CP included axial and coronal T2-weighted images (T2WI), axial T1-weighted images (T1WI) before and after contrast administration, 3D MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and diffusion-weighted images (DWI)...

Significant improvements in treatments for children with cancer have resulted in a growing population of childhood cancer survivors who may face long-term adverse outcomes. Here, we aimed to diagnose high-dose methotrexate-induced brain injury on [18 F]FDG PET/MRI and correlate the results with cognitive impairment identified by neurocognitive testing in pediatric cancer survivors. Methods: In this prospective, single-center pilot study, 10 children and young adults with sarcoma ( n = 5), lymphoma ( n = 4), or leukemia ( n = 1) underwent dedicated brain [18 F]FDG PET/MRI and a 2-h expert neuropsychologic evaluation on the same day, including the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, second edition, for intellectual functioning; Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (DKEFS) for executive functioning; and Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning, second edition (WRAML), for verbal and visual memory...

Tuberculosis is a leading cause of mortality in children worldwide. One of the greatest challenges in its management is the difficulty of diagnosis as the manifestations are non-specific and often mimic other illnesses. Neurological infection occurs in approximately 1% of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis, and usually takes the form of tuberculous meningitis or tuberculoma. An 11-year-old girl who was diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, a rare immunological manifestation of tuberculosis, is presented...

Abbreviated MRI is an umbrella term, defined as a focused MRI examination tailored to answer a single specific clinical question. For abbreviated breast MRI, this question is: "Is there evidence of breast cancer?" Abbreviated MRI of the breast makes maximum use of the fact that the kinetics of breast cancers and of benign tissue differ most in the very early postcontrast phase; therefore, abbreviated breast MRI focuses on this period. The different published approaches to abbreviated MRI include the following three subtypes: (a) short protocols, consisting of a precontrast and either a single postcontrast acquisition (first postcontrast subtracted [FAST]) or a time-resolved series of postcontrast acquisitions with lower spatial resolution (ultrafast [UF]), obtained during the early postcontrast phase immediately after contrast agent injection; (b) abridged protocols, consisting of FAST or UF acquisitions plus selected additional pulse sequences; and (c) noncontrast protocols, where diffusion-weighted imaging replaces the contrast information...

PURPOSE: This work aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) breast abbreviated protocol (AP) in diagnosing malignant breast lesions using BI-RADS compared with the diagnostic accuracy of the full diagnostic protocol (FDP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective single-centre study was conducted. A total of 125 female patients with suspicious breast masses underwent MRI with the AP and the FDP. The images of AP and FDP were independently interpreted by 2 radiologists with 10 years of experience in breast imaging, and any disagreement was resolved with a third one...

BACKGROUND: Free-running cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved whole-heart 5D MRI can reduce scan planning and provide a means of evaluating respiratory-driven changes in clinical parameters of interest. However, respiratory-resolved imaging can be limited by user-defined parameters which create trade-offs between residual artifact and motion blur. In this work, we develop and validate strategies for both correction of intra-bin and compensation of inter-bin respiratory motion to improve the quality of 5D MRI...

The increased detection of pancreatic cysts in recent years has triggered extensive diagnostic investigations to clarify their potential risk of malignancy, resulting in a large number of patients undergoing numerous imaging follow-up studies for many years. Therefore, there is a growing need for optimization of the current surveillance protocol to reduce both healthcare costs and waiting lists, while still maintaining appropriate sensibility and specificity. Imaging is an essential tool for evaluating patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) since it can assess several predictors for malignancy and thus guide further management recommendations...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common primary malignancies of the liver and a leading cause for cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC surveillance aims at early detection. The recommended strategy for screening HCC is biannual ultrasound with or without alpha-fetoprotein. However, this strategy is associated with sub-optimal sensitivity. Abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (AMRI) is a promising alternative to ultrasound (US) for surveillance of HCC. The data regarding the role of AMRI in HCC screening is evolving...

Vagus nerve stimulation devices are conditionally approved in MRI with stimulation turned off and the requirement to modify the stimulation settings may be a barrier to scanning in some radiology practices. There is increasing interest in studying the effects of stimulation during MRI/fMRI. This study evaluated the safety of standard and investigational microburst vagus nerve stimulation therapies during MRI/fMRI. A prospective, multi-center study was conducted in patients with an investigational vagus nerve stimulation device that delivered either standard or investigational microburst vagus nerve stimulation...

Given the recent advances in molecular pathogenesis of tumors, with better correlation with tumor behavior and prognosis, major changes were made to the new 2021 WHO (CNS5) classification of CNS tumors, including updated criteria for diagnosis of glioblastoma. Diagnosis of GBM now requires absence of isocitrate dehydrogenase and histone 3 mutations (IDH-wildtype and H3-wildtype) as the basic cornerstone, with elimination of the IDH-mutated category. The requirements for diagnosis were conventionally histopathological, based on the presence of pathognomonic features such as microvascular proliferation and necrosis...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate and present our two-year experience with abbreviated breast MRI at our academic institution as a screening tool to identify primary breast cancers. METHODS: Employing eight specialty trained breast radiologists, studies were interpreted using the BI-RADS MRI lexicon in this IRB-approved retrospective study. The protocol utilized T1-weighted, fat-saturated, pre- and post-contrast, short  T1 inversion recovery images, and was completed within 10 minutes...

In the world, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Currently, MRI is the most sensitive breast imaging method for detecting breast cancer, although false positive rates are still an issue. To date, the accuracy of breast MRI is widely recognized across various clinical scenarios, in particular, staging of known cancer, screening for breast cancer in high-risk women, and evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Since technical development and further clinical indications have expanded over recent years, dedicated breast radiologists need to constantly update their knowledge and expertise to remain confident and maintain high levels of diagnostic performance in breast MRI...

BACKGROUND: Given the limited sensitivity of ultrasound in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance, this systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of non-contrast abbreviated MRI (NC-aMRI) compared to contrast-enhanced abbreviated MRI (CE-aMRI) for HCC surveillance, offering evidence-based guidance for clinical decision-making. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across five databases, identifying studies on aMRI for HCC surveillance...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The impairment of the glymphatic system, a perivascular network crucial for brain waste clearance, has been linked to cognitive impairment, potentially attributed to the accumulation of brain waste. Although marijuana use has been associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in adolescents, its influence on the glymphatic system remains unexplored. This study evaluated the influence of the age of first marijuana use and the total number of lifetime uses on the glymphatic system, measured using the index of diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS)...

Temporal lobe epilepsy is a common form of epilepsy that is often associated with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Although HS is commonly considered a binary assessment in radiological evaluation, it is known that histopathological changes occur in distinct clusters. Some subtypes of HS only affect certain subfields, resulting in minimal changes to the overall volume of the hippocampus. This is likely a major reason why whole hippocampal volumetrics have underperformed versus expert readers. With recent advancements in MRI technology, it is now possible to characterize the substructure of the hippocampus more accurately...

INTRODUCTION: The surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using semi-annual liver ultrasound (US) is justified in patients with cirrhosis. In this context, US has a low sensitivity (<30%) for the detection of HCC at the very early stage (ie, Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) 0, uninodular tumour <2 cm). The sensitivity of abbreviated liver MRI (AMRI) is reported to exceed 80%, but its use is hampered by costs and availability. Our hypothesis is that AMRI used as a screening examination in patients at high risk of HCC (>3% per year) could increase the rates of patients with a tumour detected at an early stage accessible to curative-intent treatment, and demonstrate its cost-effectiveness in this population...