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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcela Ferrés, Constanza Martínez-Valdebenito, Carolina Henriquez, Claudia Marco, Jenniffer Angulo, Aldo Barrera, Carlos Palma, Gonzalo Barriga Pinto, Analia Cuiza, Leonila Ferreira, María Luisa Rioseco, Mario Calvo, Ricardo Fritz, Sebastián Bravo, Alejandro Bruhn, Jerónimo Graf, Alvaro Llancaqueo, Gonzalo Rivera, Carolina Cerda, Nicole Tischler, Francisca Valdivieso, Pablo Vial, Gregory Mertz, Cecilia Vial, Nicole Le Corre
BACKGROUND: Andes virus (ANDV) is a zoonotic Orthohantavirus leading to hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Although most transmissions occur through environmental exposure to rodent faeces and urine, rare person-to-person transmission has been documented, mainly for close contacts. This study investigates the presence and infectivity of ANDV in body fluids from confirmed cases and the duration of viraemia. METHODS: In this prospective study, 131 participants with confirmed ANDV infection were enrolled in Chile in a prospective study between 2008 and 2022...
April 3, 2024: Lancet Infectious Diseases
#2
REVIEW
Alaina Pfenning-Butterworth, Lauren B Buckley, John M Drake, Johannah E Farner, Maxwell J Farrell, Alyssa-Lois M Gehman, Erin A Mordecai, Patrick R Stephens, John L Gittleman, T Jonathan Davies
The concurrent pressures of rising global temperatures, rates and incidence of species decline, and emergence of infectious diseases represent an unprecedented planetary crisis. Intergovernmental reports have drawn focus to the escalating climate and biodiversity crises and the connections between them, but interactions among all three pressures have been largely overlooked. Non-linearities and dampening and reinforcing interactions among pressures make considering interconnections essential to anticipating planetary challenges...
April 2024: Lancet. Planetary Health
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayse Bahar Ercan, Melyssa Aronson, Nicholas R Fernandez, Yuan Chang, Adrian Levine, Zhihui Amy Liu, Logine Negm, Melissa Edwards, Vanessa Bianchi, Lucie Stengs, Jiil Chung, Abeer Al-Battashi, Agnes Reschke, Alex Lion, Alia Ahmad, Alvaro Lassaletta, Alyssa T Reddy, Amir F Al-Darraji, Amish C Shah, An Van Damme, Anne Bendel, Aqeela Rashid, Ashley S Margol, Bethany L Kelly, Bojana Pencheva, Brandie Heald, Brianna Lemieux-Anglin, Bruce Crooks, Carl Koschmann, Catherine Gilpin, Christopher C Porter, David Gass, David Samuel, David S Ziegler, Deborah T Blumenthal, Dennis John Kuo, Dima Hamideh, Donald Basel, Dong-Anh Khuong-Quang, Duncan Stearns, Enrico Opocher, Fernando Carceller, Hagit Baris Feldman, Helen Toledano, Ira Winer, Isabelle Scheers, Ivana Fedorakova, Jack M Su, Jaime Vengoechea, Jaroslav Sterba, Jeffrey Knipstein, Jordan R Hansford, Julieta Rita Gonzales-Santos, Kanika Bhatia, Kevin J Bielamowicz, Khurram Minhas, Kim E Nichols, Kristina A Cole, Lynette Penney, Magnus Aasved Hjort, Magnus Sabel, Maria Joao Gil-da-Costa, Matthew J Murray, Matthew Miller, Maude L Blundell, Maura Massimino, Maysa Al-Hussaini, Mazin F Al-Jadiry, Melanie A Comito, Michael Osborn, Michael P Link, Michal Zapotocky, Mithra Ghalibafian, Najma Shaheen, Naureen Mushtaq, Nicolas Waespe, Nobuko Hijiya, Noemi Fuentes-Bolanos, Olfat Ahmad, Omar Chamdine, Paromita Roy, Pavel N Pichurin, Per Nyman, Rachel Pearlman, Rebecca C Auer, Reghu K Sukumaran, Rejin Kebudi, Rina Dvir, Robert Raphael, Ronit Elhasid, Rose B McGee, Rose Chami, Ryan Noss, Ryuma Tanaka, Salmo Raskin, Santanu Sen, Scott Lindhorst, Sebastien Perreault, Shani Caspi, Shazia Riaz, Shlomi Constantini, Sophie Albert, Stanley Chaleff, Stefan Bielack, Stefano Chiaravalli, Stuart Louis Cramer, Sumita Roy, Suzanne Cahn, Suzanne Penna, Syed Ahmer Hamid, Tariq Ghafoor, Uzma Imam, Valerie Larouche, Vanan Magimairajan Issai, William D Foulkes, Yi Yen Lee, Paul C Nathan, Yosef E Maruvka, Mary-Louise C Greer, Carol Durno, Adam Shlien, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Anita Villani, David Malkin, Cynthia Hawkins, Eric Bouffet, Anirban Das, Uri Tabori
BACKGROUND: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is a rare and aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome. Because a scarcity of data on this condition contributes to management challenges and poor outcomes, we aimed to describe the clinical spectrum, cancer biology, and impact of genetics on patient survival in CMMRD. METHODS: In this cohort study, we collected cross-sectional and longitudinal data on all patients with CMMRD, with no age limits, registered with the International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium (IRRDC) across more than 50 countries...
March 26, 2024: Lancet Oncology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdullah S Al-Darwish, Waad Rashaid Alsubaie, Waleed AlShammari, Muath AlaSheikh, Muath AlRashed
INTRODUCTION: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the appendix are rare and are often discovered incidentally during surgery for acute appendicitis or other unrelated conditions (Modlin et al. in Gastroenterology 128:1717-1751, 2005, Alsaad et al. in Oncol Rep 16:1105-1109, 2006, Frilling et al. in Lancet Oncol 15:e8-e21, 2014). These tumors can range from asymptomatic incidental findings to clinically significant tumors with metastases (Alsaad et al. in Oncol Rep 16:1105-1109, 2006, Gomes et al...
March 19, 2024: Surgical Case Reports
#5
Liping Wang, Julue Huang, Xiaoyu Li
BACKGROUND: The rapid development of automatic blood cell analyzers has greatly optimized complete blood count results. However, erroneous results relevant to automatic blood cell analyzers still exist. Pseudothrombocytopenia can be observed in both cases of anticoagulant-induced platelet aggregation, and the presence of large and giant platelets. METHODS: A rare case of a MYH9-related disorder, in which marked underestimation of platelet count was led by large and giant platelets using the impedance count by an automated hematology analyzer...
March 1, 2024: Clinical Laboratory
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thijs W de Vos, Dian Winkelhorst, Leendert Porcelijn, Mila Beaufort, Gonda Oldert, Johanna G van der Bom, Enrico Lopriore, Dick Oepkes, Masja de Haas, Ellen van der Schoot
BACKGROUND: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare disease that untreated can lead to intracranial haemorrhage or death. The natural history of FNAIT is still unclear; therefore, the benefits of screening cannot be estimated and no routine screening is yet in place. We aimed to assess the incidence of clinically detectable FNAIT among pregnancies in human platelet antigen-1a (HPA-1a)-immunised women. METHODS: We did a prospective observational cohort study of pregnant women negative for rhesus D (RhD) and rhesus c (Rhc) antigens, without age limits, who underwent routine antenatal screening for red cell antibodies at 27 weeks' gestation and were typed for HPA-1a between March 1, 2017, and May 1, 2020...
December 2023: Lancet Haematology
#7
Yanhua Dong, Hongbin Zhang, Ke Jin, Hezhou Li
A rare case of unicornuate uterus with interstitial ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed using three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D-TVUS). The ultrasound revealed a "lancet-shaped" endometrial corona, a gestational sac near the uterus base extending toward the uterine serosa, and visible interstitial lines. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery for a lesion in the right fallopian tube. 3D-TVUS was crucial in precisely locating the gestational sac, aiding in effective treatment. Interstitial ectopic pregnancies risk severe hemorrhaging upon rupture...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound: JCU
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacques Fourgeaud, Béatrice Regnault, Vichita Ok, Nicolas Da Rocha, Émilie Sitterlé, Meryem Mekouar, Hélène Faury, Catherine Milliancourt-Seels, Florence Jagorel, Delphine Chrétien, Thomas Bigot, Éric Troadec, Isabelle Marques, Alexandra Serris, Danielle Seilhean, Bénédicte Neven, Pierre Frange, Agnès Ferroni, Marc Lecuit, Xavier Nassif, Olivier Lortholary, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Philippe Pérot, Marc Eloit, Anne Jamet
BACKGROUND: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) allows untargeted identification of a broad range of pathogens, including rare or novel microorganisms. Despite the recognition of mNGS as a valuable diagnostic tool for infections, the most relevant indications for this innovative strategy remain poorly defined. We aimed to assess the determinants of positivity and clinical utility of mNGS. METHODS: In this observational study, we prospectively performed short-read shotgun metagenomics analysis as a second-line test (in cases of negative first-line test or when the symptoms were not fully explained by initial positive results) or as a first-line test in life-threatening situations requiring urgent non-targeted pathogen identification at the Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital (Paris, France)...
December 1, 2023: The Lancet. Microbe
#9
REVIEW
Dishon M Muloi, Elita Jauneikaite, Muna F Anjum, Sabiha Y Essack, David A Singleton, Mitchelle R Kasudi, Matthew J Wade, Beverly Egyir, Jamie G Nunn, Janet T Midega, Sharon J Peacock, Nicholas A Feasey, Kate S Baker, Ruth N Zadoks
The intersection of human, animal, and ecosystem health at One Health interfaces is recognised as being of key importance in the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and represents an important, and yet rarely realised opportunity to undertake vital AMR surveillance. A working group of international experts in pathogen genomics, AMR, and One Health convened to take part in a workshop series and online consultation focused on the opportunities and challenges facing genomic AMR surveillance in a range of settings...
November 14, 2023: The Lancet. Microbe
#10
REVIEW
Pinelopi Samara, Michael Athanasopoulos, Anastasios Goulioumis, Ioannis Athanasopoulos
Malignant tumors of the external auditory canal (EAC) are rare neoplasms that appear in the head and neck area. A common feature of these malignancies is their rarity, as well as their delayed diagnosis due to the appearance of non-specific symptoms that mimic various benign otologic conditions. The reported histological types of cancer of the external ear are: squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, angiosarcoma, adnexal carcinoma (including ceruminous adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma), and lymphoma (Lancet Oncol...
2023: Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica K Calland, Kaisa Haukka, Stephen W Kpordze, Atanyiwoen Brusah, Marta Corbella, Cristina Merla, Ørjan Samuelsen, Edward J Feil, Davide Sassera, Akosua B Karikari, Courage K S Saba, Harry A Thorpe, Jukka Corander
BACKGROUND: One Health approaches to address the increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are gaining attention. However, data on the distribution and movement of bacteria and their AMR-associated genes between clinical and non-clinical sources are scarce, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to analyse Klebsiella isolates from various sources in Ghana and compare the prevalence of AMR with datasets from two other countries. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional genomic One Health study...
October 16, 2023: The Lancet. Microbe
#12
REVIEW
Przemysław Kołodziej, Beata Szostakowska, Anna Lass, Małgorzata Sulima, Katarzyna Sikorska, Janusz Kocki, Witold Krupski, Dorota Starownik, Paweł Bojar, Justyna Szumiło, Beata Kasztelan-Szczerbińska, Halina Cichoż-Lach, Jacek Bogucki, Magdalena Szymańska, Hanna Fota-Markowska, Anna Bogucka-Kocka
The Grand Round concerns a 24-year-old man from Zimbabwe who was studying and living in Poland. The patient had been complaining of abdominal pain, fatigue, alternating diarrhoea and constipation, and presence of blood in his stool for 3 years. The patient had the following diagnostic tests: colonoscopy, CT scan, histopathology, and parasitological and molecular tests. Results of the examinations showed that the cause of the patient's complaints was chronic intestinal schistosomiasis due to the co-infection with Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mansoni...
September 29, 2023: Lancet Infectious Diseases
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leiwen Fu, Tian Tian, Bingyi Wang, Zhen Lu, Yanxiao Gao, Yinghui Sun, Yi-Fan Lin, Weijie Zhang, Yuwei Li, Huachun Zou
BACKGROUND: Kaposi sarcoma is a rare, possibly angioproliferative, tumour. Kaposi sarcoma is one of the most common cancers in people living with HIV and poses a serious public health challenge in regions with high HIV burden. We aim to describe global patterns and population-wide trends in the burden of Kaposi sarcoma. METHODS: In this population-based study, the incidence and mortality estimates of Kaposi sarcoma from 185 countries and regions in 2020 were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database...
October 2023: Lancet Global Health
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huyen A Tran, Lucy Deng, Nicholas Wood, Philip Choi, Sally Singleton, Lisa Clarke, Sarah Khanlari, Isis Maitland-Scott, Robert Bird, Scott Brown, Bavahuna Manoharan, Chee Wee Tan, Michael Gold, Pravin Hissaria, Shannon Melody, Sanjeev D Chunilal S, Jim Buttery, Hazel Clothier, Nigel W Crawford, Linny Phuong, Dominic Pepperell, Paul Effler, Claire Parker, Nicola Carter, Kristine Macartney, Megan McStea, Todd Miller, Michael Nissen, Claire Larter, Elspeth Kay, Vivien M Chen
BACKGROUND: Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) associated with viral vector COVID-19 vaccines, including ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca AZD1222) vaccine, can result in significant morbidity and mortality. We report the clinicopathological features of TTS following ChAdOx1-S vaccination and summarise the case outcomes in Australia. METHODS: In this cohort study, patients diagnosed with TTS in Australia between 23 March and 31 December 2021 were identified according to predefined criteria...
November 2023: The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific
#15
REVIEW
Thomas H Tranah, Jeremy S Nayagam, Stephen Gregory, Sarah Hughes, David Patch, Dhiraj Tripathi, Debbie L Shawcross, Deepak Joshi
Ectopic variceal bleeding is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding that can occur in settings of cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and is characterised by its development at locations remote from the oesophagus and stomach. Ectopic varices can be difficult to identify and access, and, although a relatively uncommon cause of portal hypertensive bleeding, can represent a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge associated with considerable mortality. Low incidence and variance in variceal anatomy preclude large randomised controlled trials, and clinical practice is based on experience from case reports, case series, and specialist centre expertise...
November 2023: Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mie Rizig, Sara Bandres-Ciga, Mary B Makarious, Oluwadamilola Omolara Ojo, Peter Wild Crea, Oladunni Victoria Abiodun, Kristin S Levine, Sani Atta Abubakar, Charles Obiora Achoru, Dan Vitale, Olaleye Akinmola Adeniji, Osigwe Paul Agabi, Mathew J Koretsky, Uchechi Agulanna, Deborah A Hall, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Tao Xie, Mohammed Wulgo Ali, Ejaz A Shamim, Ifeyinwa Ani-Osheku, Mahesh Padmanaban, Ohwotemu Michael Arigbodi, David G Standaert, Abiodun Hamzat Bello, Marissa N Dean, Cyril Oshomah Erameh, Inas Elsayed, Temitope Hannah Farombi, Olaitan Okunoye, Michael Bimbola Fawale, Kimberley J Billingsley, Frank Aiwansoba Imarhiagbe, Pilar Alvarez Jerez, Emmanuel Uzodinma Iwuozo, Breeana Baker, Morenikeji Adeyoyin Komolafe, Laksh Malik, Paul Osemeke Nwani, Kensuke Daida, Ernest Okwundu Nwazor, Abigail Miano-Burkhardt, Yakub Wilberforce Nyandaiti, Zih-Hua Fang, Yahaya Olugbo Obiabo, Jillian H Kluss, Olanike Adedoyin Odeniyi, Dena G Hernandez, Francis Ehidiamen Odiase, Nahid Tayebi, Francis Ibe Ojini, Ellen Sidranksy, Gerald Awele Onwuegbuzie, Andrea M D'Souza, Godwin Osawaru Osaigbovo, Bahafta Berhe, Nosakhare Osemwegie, Xylena Reed, Olajumoke Olufemi Oshinaike, Hampton L Leonard, Folajimi Morenikeji Otubogun, Chelsea X Alvarado, Shyngle Imiewan Oyakhire, Simon Izuchukwu Ozomma, Sarah Chabiri Samuel, Funmilola Tolulope Taiwo, Kolawole Wasiu Wahab, Yusuf Agboola Zubair, Hirotaka Iwaki, Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim, Huw R Morris, John Hardy, Mike A Nalls, Karl Heilbron, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Henry Houlden, Andrew Singleton, Njideka Ulunma Okubadejo
BACKGROUND: An understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying diseases in ancestrally diverse populations is an important step towards development of targeted treatments. Research in African and African admixed populations can enable mapping of complex traits, because of their genetic diversity, extensive population substructure, and distinct linkage disequilibrium patterns. We aimed to do a comprehensive genome-wide assessment in African and African admixed individuals to better understand the genetic architecture of Parkinson's disease in these underserved populations...
November 2023: Lancet Neurology
#17
MULTICENTER STUDY
Alissa M D'Gama, Sarah Mulhern, Beth R Sheidley, Fadil Boodhoo, Sarah Buts, Natalie J Chandler, Joanna Cobb, Meredith Curtis, Edward J Higginbotham, Jonathon Holland, Tayyaba Khan, Julia Koh, Nicole S Y Liang, Lyndsey McRae, Sarah E Nesbitt, Brandon T Oby, Ben Paternoster, Alistair Patton, Graham Rose, Elizabeth Scotchman, Rozalia Valentine, Kimberly N Wiltrout, Robin Z Hayeems, Puneet Jain, Sebastian Lunke, Christian R Marshall, Shira Rockowitz, Neil J Sebire, Zornitza Stark, Susan M White, Lyn S Chitty, J Helen Cross, Ingrid E Scheffer, Vann Chau, Gregory Costain, Annapurna Poduri, Katherine B Howell, Amy McTague
BACKGROUND: Most neonatal and infantile-onset epilepsies have presumed genetic aetiologies, and early genetic diagnoses have the potential to inform clinical management and improve outcomes. We therefore aimed to determine the feasibility, diagnostic yield, and clinical utility of rapid genome sequencing in this population. METHODS: We conducted an international, multicentre, cohort study (Gene-STEPS), which is a pilot study of the International Precision Child Health Partnership (IPCHiP)...
September 2023: Lancet Neurology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Athena P Kourtis, Weiming Zhu, Margaret A Lampe, Ya-Lin A Huang, Karen W Hoover
BACKGROUND: A study from Botswana identified an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in infants of mothers with HIV who were treated with dolutegravir around the time of conception. We aimed to examine associations of dolutegravir use with NTDs and pregnancy loss using large health-care claims databases from the USA, a country with folic acid fortification of food. METHODS: In this cohort study, we analysed health-care claims data, recorded in the Merative MarketScan commercial database (MarketScan data) and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Medicaid database (Medicaid data) from Jan 1, 2008, to Dec 31, 2020...
July 24, 2023: Lancet HIV
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean-Yves Blay, Sylvie Chevret, Axel Le Cesne, Mehdi Brahmi, Nicolas Penel, Sophie Cousin, Francois Bertucci, Emmanuelle Bompas, Thomas Ryckewaert, Pauline Soibinet, Pascaline Boudou-Rouquette, Esma Saada Bouzid, Patrick Soulie, Thibaud Valentin, Jean-Pierre Lotz, Diego Tosi, Zoé Neviere, Mathilde Cancel, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Laetitia Gambotti, Frédéric Legrand, Assia Lamrani-Ghaouti, Clotilde Simon, Caroline Even, Christophe Massard
BACKGROUND: Sarcoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases with few treatment options. Immunotherapy has shown little activity in studies including unselected sarcomas, but immune checkpoint blockers have shown activity in specific histotypes. We evaluated the activity of pembrolizumab in rare and ultra-rare sarcomas. METHODS: AcSé Pembrolizumab is an ongoing phase 2, basket, multitumour study investigating the activity of pembrolizumab monotherapy in rare cancers...
August 2023: Lancet Oncology
#20
REVIEW
Jake S O'Donnell, Stewart K Hunt, Keith J Chappell
The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) retrovirus infects 10-20 million people globally, with endemic regions in southwestern Japan, the Caribbean basin, Africa, and central Australia. HTLV-1 is associated with lifelong infection and immune suppression, resulting in a range of serious sequalae, including adult T-cell leukaemia or lymphoma (ATLL) in 5% of cases. To date, there are no preventive or curative treatments for HTLV-1 and treatment outcomes for ATLL remain generally poor. Depending on the disease subtype, overall survival is 8-55 months...
July 2023: Lancet Haematology
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