Kidney

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Apolipoprotein L1 (ApoL1) predictive genetic testing for kidney disease, and its emerging role in transplantation, remains controversial as it may exacerbate underlying disparities among African Americans (AAs) at increased risk. We conducted an online simulation among AAs (N=585) about interest in ApoL1 testing and its cofactors, under two scenarios: as a potential living donor (PLD), and as a patient awaiting transplantation. Most respondents (61%) expressed high interest in genetic testing as a PLD: age ≥35 years (aOR: 1...

This consensus-based guideline was developed by all relevant German pediatric medical societies. Ultrasound is the standard imaging modality for pre- and postnatal kidney cysts and should also exclude extrarenal manifestations in the abdomen and internal genital organs. MRI has selected indications. Suspicion of a cystic kidney disease should prompt consultation of a pediatric nephrologist. Prenatal management must be tailored to very different degrees of disease severity. After renal oligohydramnios, we recommend delivery in a perinatal center...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 20-50% of hospitalized and intensive care patients, with a sizable proportion progressing to ESRD or death (https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/AcuteKidneyInjury). Since inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of AKI, studies on T-regulatory cells (Tregs), which suppress inflammation are important. Here, we highlight advances that utilize Tregs for intervention in AKI and were presented at the 25th International Conference on Advances in Critical Care Nephrology and UAB/UCSD O'Brien Center AKI & CRRT 2020...

BACKGROUND: There is no information on acute kidney injury (AKI) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) among invasively ventilated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Western healthcare systems. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence, characteristics, risk factors and outcome of AKI and CRRT among invasively ventilated COVID-19 patients. METHODS: Observational study in a tertiary care hospital in Milan, Italy. RESULTS: Among 99 patients, 72 (75...

BACKGROUND: Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are considered the gold standard for ensuring safe and long-term vascular access in patients with haemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease. However, previous studies demonstrated that high-flow AV fistulas might add additional cardiovascular burden in the post-transplant setting, leading to frequent fistula closure in this population. Currently, there is no consensus regarding management of high-flow fistulas in post-transplant patients with stable kidney function...

Increases in biological and non-biological pollutants pose a significant threat to environmental systems. In an effort to develop an effective means to treat such pollutants, the use of Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney beans) as reducing and capping agents is proposed for the green synthesis of highly stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a face-centered cubic (fcc) crystalline structure (size range: 10-20 nm). The potent role of the resulting AgNPs was found as triple platforms (photocatalyst, catalyst, and antimicrobial disinfectant)...

Anemia is highly prevalent in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and CKD patients always have lower plasma but higher erythrocyte Zn levels than healthy people. To date, no satisfactory mechanism has explained these Zn metabolism abnormalities. We collected blood samples from patients on hemodialysis, 5/6 nephrectomized rats and phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anemic mice and rats and compared them with their normal counterparts. We found that all the anemic animals had significantly decreased plasma Zn levels but elevated erythrocyte Zn levels...

Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), also known as lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), is a phospholipid specifically enriched in the late endosome-lysosome compartment playing a crucial role for the fate of endocytosed components. Due to its presence in extracellular fluids during diseases associated with endolysosomal dysfunction, it is considered as a possible biomarker of disorders such as genetic lysosomal storage diseases and cationic amphiphilic drug-induced phospholipidosis. However, there is no true validation of this biomarker in human studies, nor a clear identification of the carrier of this endolysosome-specific lipid in biofluids...

Although ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1) has exerted an inhibitory effect on renal fibrosis and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), its mechanism remains unknown. This study aims to explore the anti-fibrosis effect of G-Rb1 in unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) mouse model and underlying mechanisms in HBSS-induced HK-2 cells. In vivo, renal function, kidney histological pathology, and autophagy-related protein molecules were assessed. Additionally, rapamycin, Deptor overexpression plasmid, Akt inhibitor, metformin, and a p38-MAPK inhibitor, as well as an ERK-MAPK inhibitor were used to evaluate the effect of AMPK/mTOR, Akt and MAPK signal pathways on the protective effect of G-Rb1 in HK-2 cells...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgical outcomes of kidney transplantation (KTX) based on surgeon volume and surgeon experience, and to develop the learning curve model for KTX using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. METHODS: A retrospective review of 1466 consecutive recipients who underwent KTX between 2010 and 2017 was conducted. In total, 51 surgeons, including certified transplant surgeons, transplant fellows and surgical residents were involved in these procedures using a standardized protocol...

Oxidative stress increases with age in multiple organ systems and is implicated in the development of age-related pathologies in them. Studies from our laboratory show that the intrinsic pathway proapoptotic proteins BAX and caspase-3 (CASP3) lie upstream of mitochondrial production of oxidative stress-inducing reactive species (RS) such as reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in apoptotic and nonapoptotic neurons in cell culture. Our objective in this study was to determine if these findings could be generalized to the development of oxidative stress in nonneuronal tissues in vivo...

In order to investigate enterobacteria presence involved in the secondary infections in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) pigs with different viral co-infections, we identified enterobacteria for guiding clinical treatment. Twenty-one diseased pigs were diagnosed with the PRRS virus (PRRSV) and other 7 virus primers by PCR/RT-PCR in the lung and spleen samples. Enterobacteria were isolated using MacConkey agar from 5 visceral samples of PRRS pigs, and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. PRRSV was positive in 100% of the lung samples and 81...

Dietary supplement use is high among United States adults, with the intention by users to promote overall health and wellness. Kidney donors, who are selected based on their overall good health and wellness, can have high utilization rates of dietary supplements. We provide a framework for evaluation of living kidney donors and use of dietary supplements. In this review, dietary supplements will include any orally administered dietary or complementary nutritional products, but excluding micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), food, and cannabis...

Kidneys from older (age ≥50) donation after cardiac death (DCD50) donors are less likely to be transplanted due to inferior post-transplant outcomes. However, candidates who decline a DCD50 offer must wait for an uncertain future offer. To characterize the survival benefit of accepting DCD50 kidneys, we used 2010-2018 SRTR data to identify 92,081 adult kidney transplant candidates who were offered a DCD50 kidney that was eventually accepted for transplantation. DCD50 kidneys offered to candidates increased from 590 in 2010 to 1,441 in 2018...

BACKGROUND: Nephrotic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the risk factors of VTE in nephrotic syndrome, other than hypoalbuminemia and severe proteinuria, are not well established. Therefore we aimed to investigate the risk factors of VTE in patients with nephrotic syndrome. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from a Japanese nationwide claims database. We identified patients ≥18 years of age hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234862.].

BACKGROUND: Tissue advanced glycation end product (AGE) accumulation has been proposed as a marker of cumulative metabolic stress that can be assessed noninvasively by measurement of skin autofluorescence (SAF). In persons on haemodialysis, SAF is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events (CVEs) and all-cause mortality (ACM), but data at earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are inconclusive. We investigated SAF as a risk factor for CVEs and ACM in a prospective study of persons with CKD stage 3...

Lockdown and self-isolation are to date the only solution to limit the spread of recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (CoViD-19), highlighting the great advantage of home dialysis in a patient otherwise forced to travel from / to the dialysis center to receive this "life-saving" treatment. Indeed, to prevent spreading of CoViD-19 infection among extremely fragile dialysis patients, as well as among dialysis workers, hemodialysis (HD) centers are adopting specific procedures ("dedicated" dialysis facilities, portable osmosis, etc...