hypertension

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aims to synthesize evidence on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and mortality in COVID-19 patients and factors affecting it. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases from inception of databases up until 7 March 2021. Studies that met all of the following criteria were included: 1) observational studies or randomized controlled trials that report COVID-19 patients, 2) reporting DPP-4 inhibitor use, 3) mortality, and 4) mortality based on DPP-4 inhibitor use...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the association between baseline plasma zinc and the development of proteinuria as well as possible effect modifiers in hypertensive patients. METHODS: This is a subset of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT) Renal Sub-Study. In the CSPPT, participants were randomized to receive a daily oral dose of 1 tablet containing 10 mg enalapril and 0.8 mg folic acid or 1 tablet containing 10 mg enalapril only. A total of 783 participants with plasma zinc measurements and without proteinuria at baseline were included in the current study...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of netarsudil in combination with other ocular hypotensive agents in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS: All patients with OAG or OHT with netarsudil added to a regimen of at least one other ocular hypotensive agent between March 2018 to March 2019. METHODS: Subjects with at least two baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements on the same medication regimen prior to initiation of netarsudil were included...

The genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful means to study genetic determinants of disease traits and generate insights into disease pathophysiology. To date, few GWAS of circulating metabolite levels have been performed in African Americans with chronic kidney disease. Hypothesizing that novel genetic-metabolite associations may be identified in a unique population of African Americans with a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), we conducted a GWAS of 652 serum metabolites in 619 participants (mean measured glomerular filtration rate 45 mL/min/1...

AIMS: We explored the early effects of bariatric surgery on subclinical myocardial function in individuals with severe obesity and preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with severe obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥35kg/m2 ] and preserved LV ejection fraction (≥ 50%) who underwent bariatric surgery (biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch [BPD-DS]) (Surgery group), 19 patients with severe obesity managed with usual care (Medical group), and 18 age and sex-matched non-obese controls (non-obese group) were included...

BACKGROUND: Although work stress and impaired sleep are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among healthy individuals, their impact on hypertensive workers is largely unknown. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study design. METHODS: Hypertensive workers (N = 1959), derived from the population-based MONICA/KORA study in Southern Germany, who were free of any cardiovascular disease and diabetes were interviewed at baseline for work stress (high demand plus low control) and impaired sleep (difficulties falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep)...

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism, also known as Conn's syndrome, is a clinical condition caused by excessive production of aldosterone. The classic presenting signs of primary aldosteronism are hypertension and hypokalemia. However, rhabdomyolysis induced by severe hypokalemia is a rare manifestation of primary aldosteronism. There were only a few cases presented in the English literature over the last 4 decades. CASE REPORT We present 2 cases, a 53-year-old man and a 46-year-old man, with severe hypokalemia-induced rhabdomyolysis caused by adrenal tumor-related primary aldosteronism...

Brothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were found to be at increased risk for cardiometabolic disorders. This risk may be exacerbated by concurrent poorly-controlled hypertension. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are the most frequently used anti-hypertensive drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare blood pressure-lowering and pleiotropic effects of telmisartan between male siblings of PCOS probands and unrelated men. The study included two age-, blood pressure- and mass index-matched groups of men with grade 1 hypertension: 24 brothers of women with PCOS (group A) and 26 brothers of healthy women (group B)...

Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula is a rare abnormal high flow communication with only 40 primary and secondary cases reported in literature. Shunting of arterial flow through the inferior mesenteric vein to the portal system can cause a variety of nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms usually associated with the diagnosis of arteriovenous malformation. Symptom intensities are flow-dependent and can range from minimal abdominal symptoms to severe heart failure due to left to right shunt. We report the case of a 72-year-old man without past history of abdominal surgery or trauma who was referred to our department for a 2-month history of intermittent diarrhea and abdominal pain caused by an arteriovenous fistula involving the left colic artery and the inferior mesenteric vein...

Since the first attempt at extracorporeal renal replacement therapy, renal replacement therapy has been constantly improved. In the field of hemodialysis, substantial efforts have been made to improve toxin removal and biocompatibility. The advent of hemodiafiltration (HDF) and, more recently, of mid cut-off membranes have contributed to management of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Although several uremic toxins have been discovered, we know little about the clinical impact of their clearance in hemodialysis patients...

Heavy metals, including cadmium, are suspected to increase serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia in both gender, but the evidences about this are inconclusive. To determine whether serum cadmium in American adults(≥19 years old) is associated with uric acid levels and risk of hyperuricemia, 2620 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were recruited. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum UA concentration ≥ 416.4 μmol/L for men and ≥ 356.9 μmol/L for women. Regression analyses were used to analyze the association of cadmium with serum UA and hyperuricemia...

BACKGROUND: Renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) can cause arterial stenosis, dissection, and aneurysm of renal arteries. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and evaluate the long-term outcomes of renal branch artery FMD in children and adults. METHODS: Sixty-one patients with renal artery FMD underwent endovascular treatment, including 23 children and 38 adults. They were divided into two groups, the main artery FMD group (n = 40, with severe stenosis located in the main renal artery) and the branch artery FMD group (n = 21, with only the branch lesions in unilateral or bilateral branch artery)...

PURPOSE: Relaparotomy following cesarean delivery (CD) is performed at a rate of 0.2-1% of CD. The objective of the present study was to identify risk factors for relaparotomy following CD, and to examine whether there is a difference in the risk of relaparotomy between CD performed during different hours of the day. METHODS: A retrospective study on all CD over 10 years compared pregnancies that underwent laparotomy within 1 week following CD to those that did not...

While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects the respiratory tract, pathophysiological changes of the cardiovascular system remain to be elucidated. We performed a retrospective cardiopathological analysis of the heart and vasculature from 23 autopsies of COVID-19 patients, comparing the findings with control tissue. Myocardium from autopsies of COVID-19 patients was categorised into severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive (n = 14) or negative (n = 9) based on the presence of viral RNA as determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the recurrence risk of stillbirth. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND POPULATION: All births 1992-2017, Alberta, Canada METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Stillbirth was defined as the death in utero of a fetus with gestational age ≥ 20 weeks or weighing ≥ 500 grams. Stillbirths were further subdivided into those occurring before labor and in labor. RESULTS: We identified 744897 births from 308,478 women...

OBJECTIVE: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is an underdiagnosed cause of hypertension. Although the medical costs will increase if all patients with elevated blood pressure are screened, the number of missed diagnosed patients with PA and the medical resources subsequently consumed by adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events can be reduced. This study aimed to conduct economic evaluation PA screening strategies in Chinese patients with hypertension, that is, PA screening in patients with high-risk hypertension and all patients with hypertension, to determine the cost-effective method...

PURPOSE: Contrast-free lung MRI based on Fourier decomposition is an attractive method to monitor various lung diseases. However, the accuracy of the current perfusion quantification is limited. In this study, a new approach for perfusion quantification based on voxel-wise proton density and median signal decay toward the steady state for Fourier decomposition-based techniques is proposed called QQuantified (QQuant ). METHODS: Twenty patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 18 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension received phase-resolved functional lung-MRI (PREFUL) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI...

OBJECTIVES: Determinants of mortality may depend on the time and place where they are examined. China provides an important context in which to study the determinants of mortality at older ages because of its unique social, economic, and epidemiological circumstances. This study uses a nationally representative sample of persons in China to determine how socioeconomic characteristics, early-life conditions, biological and physical functioning, and disease burden predict four-year mortality after age 60...

AIMS: Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic long-term, slowly progressing disease. For HTN control, management, and prevention of associated complications, adequate adherence to treatment is required. It has been proposed that tailored interventions to individual needs are required to address the phenomenon of adherence to treatment. However, studies evaluating the effects of tailored interventions to improve adherence are still scarce. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored intervention using a salutogenic approach, to improve adherence in patients with HTN...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.