hypertension and risk factors

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hypertension is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, the prognostic value of pulmonary hypertension in Chinese predialytic CKD patients is rarely reported. We evaluated the relevant factors and prognostic value of pulmonary hypertension in CKD patients. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 1092 predialytic patients from The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from May 1st, 2011, to December 31st, 2016...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive health expectancy estimates the proportion of the lifespan that is lived in good cognitive health at the population level. A number of cardiovascular diseases have been identified to be risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia including diabetes, stroke, heart diseases and hypertension. The aim of this study was to examine how these cardiovascular conditions relate to cognitive health expectancy. METHODS: Longitudinal data were obtained from the US Health and Retirement Study...

BACKGROUND: the association between cholesterol profiles and risk of cognitive decline among older adults was inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: to examine the association between cholesterol profiles and risk of cognitive decline in older adults with or without vascular risk factors (VRFs) in the prospective phase of the Shanghai Aging Study. DESIGN: a prospective community-based cohort study. SETTING: Shanghai, China. PARTICIPANTS: we prospectively followed 1,556 dementia-free participants aged ≥60 years with a baseline cholesterol profile for 5...

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a growing pandemic with an increasing death toll that has been linked to various comorbidities as well as racial disparity. However, the specific characteristics of these at-risk populations are still not known and approaches to lower mortality are lacking. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective electronic health record data analysis of 25,326 subjects tested for COVID-19 between 2/25/20 and 6/22/20 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital, a tertiary health care center in the racially diverse Southern U...

Risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism in coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients deserve to be better known. We therefore performed a post hoc analysis from the COronaVirus-Associated DIsease Study (COVADIS) project, a multicenter observational study gathering 21 ICUs from France ( n = 12) and Belgium ( n = 9). Three-hundred seventy-five consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and positive coronavirus disease 2019 were included in the study...

Background: Dyslipidemia and hypertension are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Objective: The study sought to evaluate the effects of Borassus aethiopum -fortified bread on metabolic risk factors among CVD outpatients. Method: From August 2016 to April 2017, a pilot study using a single-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted by administering Borassus -fortified bread (150 g) and indistinguishable placebo (150 g white flour bread) daily to 122 CVD outpatients at 37 Military Hospital, Accra, Ghana, for 90 days...

Background: Cardiometabolic morbidity and medications, specifically Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), have been linked with adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to investigate, factors associated with COVID-19 positivity in hospital for 1,436 UK Biobank participants; compared with individuals who tested negative, and with the untested, presumed negative, rest of the cohort. Methods: We studied 7,099 participants from the UK Biobank who had been tested for COVID-19 in hospital...

Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) carries a significant association with cardiac diseases, which suggests a minor reduction in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can act as an independent risk factor for causing cardiovascular abnormalities. Patients of CKD having cardiovascular disease (CVD) had three to thirty times higher risk of mortality as compared to the general population. In addition, mortality among cardiovascular patients has been found to be twofold higher in CKD stage 2 patients and three-fold higher in patients with stage 3 CKD, when collated to patients with normal renal function...

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second leading form of memory loss after Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, there is no cure available. The etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of VaD are extremely heterogeneous, but the impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF) represents a common denominator of VaD. The latter might be the result of atherosclerosis, amyloid angiopathy, microbleeding and micro-strokes, together causing blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and vessel leakage, collectively originating from the consequence of hypertension, one of the main risk factors for VaD...

The main avoidable risk factor for cardiovascular conditions is high blood pressure (hypertension). At global level, hypertension is believed to be responsible for a 54% stroke-related mortality rate and a 47% mortality rate associated with coronary heart disease. It is postulated that sinapic acid (SA) could help in hypertension management because it displays robust antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and peroxynitrite scavenging effects. To explore this hypothesis, this work examined the effect of SA on oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in rats with hypertension by comparison against captopril...

The prevalence of pathologies due to placental dysfunction superimposed on pregnancy is constantly increasing. The prognosis of the cases complicated by gestational hypertension is usually good, significantly better compared with that of the cases associating preeclampsia. About half of the cases with gestational hypertension will progress to preeclampsia, the risk of decompensation being inversely proportional to the gestational age of the onset of gestational hypertension. The present study, analyzed the cases of pregnancy and postpartum complicated by pathologies related to placental dysfunction, during a period of 5 years...

In the present study, the association between the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), homocysteine (Hcy) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was assessed and their diagnostic and prognostic value was determined. A total of 112 patients with CAD [patient group (PG)] and 112 healthy participants who visited the hospital for physical examinations [control group (CG)] were enrolled in the present study. The plasma levels of MPO, Hcy and hs-CRP were compared between the two groups...

Background: Considering the role of Vitamin D in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the relationship between coronary artery calcification (CAC) and CVD, we aimed to investigate the association between the serum level of Vitamin D and CAC. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 67 consecutive patients who were referred for performing computed tomography angiography. We used Spearman correlation to evaluate the relationship between Vitamin D and CAC and then linear regressions to control for demographics and vascular risk factors...

Background: The role of inflammatory states in cardiometabolic risks among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with similar degrees of obesity is unknown. The study aimed to compare cardiometabolic risk factors in inflammatory obesity phenotypes with regard to the role of the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 155 patients with T2DM (77 men and 78 women) in Ahvaz, Iran. Participants were grouped into four groups based on the presence of obesity and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥3...

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has different etiological causes, and not all of them are well understood. In atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), the TMA is caused by the complement dysregulation associated with pathogenic mutations in complement components and its regulators. Here, we describe a pediatric patient with aHUS in whom the relatively benign course of the disease confused the initial diagnosis. A previously healthy 8-year-old boy developed jaundice, hematuria, hemolytic anemia, thrombopenia, and mild acute kidney injury (AKI) in the context of a diarrhea without hypertension nor oliguria...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can have an insidious onset because there is a gradual decline in nephron number throughout life. There may be no overt symptoms of renal dysfunction until about two thirds or more of the nephrons have been destroyed and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls to below 25% of normal (often in mid-late life) (Martinez-Maldonaldo et al., 1992). Once End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has been reached, survival depends on renal replacement therapy (RRT). CKD causes hypertension and cardiovascular disease; and hypertension causes CKD...

Objective: The relationship between fasting blood glucose and first ischemic stroke in older adults was unclear, so we explored this association among older patients with hypertension in China. Methods: We recruited hypertensive participants with 60 or more of age. Fasting blood glucose concentrations were categorized into quartiles. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for ischemic stroke were estimated using multivariate Cox regression analysis and subgroup analysis...

Purpose: To assess the relative risk of metabolic risk factors in patients stratified by psoriasis severity compared with population controls. Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using national Swedish registers. Adult patients with psoriasis were selected if they had a dispensing of anti-psoriasis prescription (2007-2013) and at least one diagnosis within five years before the dispensing date. The patients with psoriasis were matched 1:10 to controls from the general population on birth year, sex, and county...

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, and hypertension is considered to be a risk factor for DPN in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). However, the morphological effects of hypertension on DPN are unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of hypertension on DPN by investigating the changes in unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibers in hypertensive rats with alloxan (AL)-induced T1DM. Thirteen-week-old WBN/Kob rats with AL-induced diabetes were allocated to receive tap water only (AL group), tap water containing 0...

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between daily sunlight exposure duration and diabetic retinopathy in Korean adults with diabetes. METHODS: This study used data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Overall, 1,089 patients with diabetes aged >40 years were included. The duration of daily sunlight exposure was assessed via health interviews. Comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations, including standard retinal fundus photography after pupil dilation, were conducted...