Mobbing

Boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of α-MoB2 at large current densities and in pH-universal medium is significant for efficient hydrogen production. In this work, Co2 B/MoB2 heterostructured nanoclusters are prepared by molten-salt electrolysis (MSE) and then used as a HER catalyst. The composition, structure, and morphology of Co2 B/MoB2 can be modulated by altering the stoichiometries of raw materials and synthesis temperatures. Impressively, the obtained Co2 B/MoB2 at optimized conditions exhibits a low overpotential of 297 and 304 mV at 500 mA cm-2 in 0...

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Research shows that in providing assistance to individuals who have experienced psychological traumas, it is beneficial not only to take into account the specific religious spiritual needs but also to employ religious resources. Although the role of religious counsellors using various psychological theories in helping to cope with traumatising experiences is acknowledged, there is still a lack of a conceptualising approach to the possibilities of employing religious resources used in Christian spiritual assistance, seeking to help cope with the effects of workplace mobbing...

Plasmids have been a concern in the dissemination and evolution of antibiotic resistance in the environment. In this study, we investigated the total pool of plasmids (plasmidome) and its derived antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in different compartments of urban water systems (UWSs) in three European countries representing different antibiotic usage regimes. We applied a direct plasmidome approach using wet-lab methods to enrich circular DNA in the samples, followed by shotgun sequencing and in silico contig circularisation...

Collective action problems arise when cooperating individuals suffer costs of cooperation, while the benefits of cooperation are received by both cooperators and defectors. We address this problem using data from spotted hyenas fighting with lions. Lions are much larger and kill many hyenas, so these fights require cooperative mobbing by hyenas for them to succeed. We identify factors that predict when hyena groups engage in cooperative fights with lions, which individuals choose to participate and how the benefits of victory are distributed among cooperators and non-cooperators...

To obtain board certification in General Surgery, a graduate must undergo the American Board of Surgery Certifying Examination (CE). There is little data describing the most effective means of preparation for this exam. Regional Mock Oral Boards (MOBs) exercises can be successfully delivered in a multi-institutional settings with high satisfaction rates from faculty and trainees. Regional MOBs mirror the CE in that they exposure residents to unfamiliar proctors from diverse contexts and have been shown to improve first time pass rates...

Several crimes in South Africa cause physical, economic, and mental problems. Xenophobic attacks, mob justice, and other violent conduct directly traumatise children. Service delivery riots and physical and sexual abuse are examples. This evaluation evaluates childhood trauma and exposure to violence interventions. The review describes the therapeutic methods for traumatised children exposed to violence, the healthcare professionals administering them, and the strategies used to tailor the interventions. The researcher systematically searched PsycINFO, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and EBSCOhost...

Conspectus"Synthesis by design" is often considered to be the primary goal of chemists who make molecules and materials. Synthetic chemists usually have in mind a target they want to make, and they want to be able to design a pathway that can get them to that target as quickly and efficiently as possible. Chemists who synthesize refractory solids, which have melting points above 1000 °C and are often chemically inert at these high temperatures, have access to only a small number of synthetic strategies due to the need to overcome solid-state diffusion, which is the rate-limiting step in such reactions...

BACKGROUND: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are the causative agents of colibacillosis in chickens, a disease which has significant economic impact on the poultry industry. Large plasmids detected in APEC are known to contribute to strain diversity for pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance, but there could be other plasmids that are missed in standard analysis. In this study, we determined the impact of sequencing and assembly factors for the detection of plasmids in an E...

OBJECTIVE: This work was carried out to determine the causes of violence against Prehospital Emergency Medical Services Personnel (PHEMSP) who performed their duties without any special security measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, and who were subjected to violence because of their work. METHOD: The approach of this research is in accordance with case study design, which is concerned with the examination of unique cases. For this study, a volunteer announcement was made on social media for PHEMSPs from 3 different branches (Emergency Medical Technicians or EMTs, paramedics, and doctors) who had been actively working in ambulances during the transportation of COVID-19 patients throughout the pandemic, and who had declared that they were subjected to verbal abuse or physical violence...

Carbapenems are considered last-resort antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales , but carbapenem resistance due to acquisition of carbapenemase genes is a growing threat that has been reported worldwide. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase ( bla KPC ) is the most common type of carbapenemase in Canada and elsewhere; it can hydrolyze penicillins, cephalosporins, aztreonam, and carbapenems and is frequently found on mobile plasmids in the Tn 4401 transposon. This means that alongside clonal expansion, bla KPC can disseminate through plasmid- and transposon-mediated horizontal gene transfer...

The current study aims to use a facile and novel method to remove Congo red (CR) and Methyl Orange (MO) dyes from contaminated water with Maize offal biomass (MOB) and its nanocomposite with magnetic nanoparticles (MOB/MNPs). The MOB and MOB/MNPs were characterized with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET, XRD and point of zero charge (pHPZC ). The influence of initial CR and MO levels (20-320 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (1-3 g/L), pH (3-9), co-exiting ions, temperature (25-45 °C) and time (15-180 min) was estimated...

The effects of two types of layered double hydroxides (LDH) in-situ treatment on sediment phosphorus (P) mobilization and microbial community's structure were studied comparatively. The results presented that magnesium/aluminum-based (MA) and magnesium/iron (MF)-based LDH displayed great phosphate uptake ability in aqueous solution in a broad pH range of 3-8. The maximum phosphate sorption capacity of MA was 64.89 mg/g, around four times greater than that of MF (14.32 mg/g). Most of phosphate bound by MA and MF is hard to re-liberate under reduction and ordinary pH (5-9) conditions...

Face ensemble coding is the perceptual ability to create a quick and overall impression of a group of faces, triggering social and behavioral motivations towards other people (approaching friendly people or avoiding an angry mob). Cultural differences in this ability have been reported, such that Easterners are better at face ensemble coding than Westerners are. The underlying mechanism has been attributed to differences in processing styles, with Easterners allocating attention globally, and Westerners focusing on local parts...

Transition metal diborides represented by MoB2 have attracted widespread attention for their excellent acidic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nevertheless, their electrocatalytic performance is generally unsatisfactory in high-pH electrolytes. Heterogeneous interface engineering is one of the most promising methods for optimizing the composition and structure of electrocatalysts, thereby greatly affecting their electrochemical performance. Herein, a heterostructure, composed of MoB2 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), is rationally constructed by boronizing precursors including (NH4 )4 [NiH6 Mo6 O24 ]·5H2 O (NiMo6 ) and Co complexes on the carbon cloth (Co,Ni-MoB2 @CNT/CC)...

Various compositional defects such as Mo3 Al2 B4 , Mo4 Al3 B4 , Mo6 Al5 B6 and Al3 Mo, together with MoB MBene, are observed to be coexisting in a MoAlB MAB phase thin film grown at 800 °C by high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering. An overall film composition of Mo0.29 Al0.33 B0.38 is measured by time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis. The concurrent formation of these compositional defects in the MoAlB matrix occurs during the synthesis without using any chemical reagent, and their coexistence with the MAB phase is thermodynamically possible, as elucidated by density functional theory simulations...

Application of biochar to landfill cover soils can purportedly improve methane (CH4 ) oxidation rates, but understanding the combined effects of soil texture, compaction, and biochar on the activity and composition of the methanotrophs is limited. The amendment of wood biochar on two differently textured landfill cover soils at three compaction levels of the Proctor density was explored by analyzing changes in soil physical properties relevant to methane oxidation, the effects on CH4 oxidation rates, and the composition of the methanotrophic community...

BACKGROUND: The Deadly Liver Mob (DLM) program is a peer-led health promotion program that aims to improve access to screening and treatment for blood borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. In this paper, we used client and staff insights to explore the successes and challenges of implementing the DLM program according to the RE-AIM framework, which explores real-world implementation of interventions according to reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance...

Phase-change memory (PCM) is considered one of the most promising candidates for universal memory. However, during the manufacturing process of PCM, phase-change materials (PCMs) encounter severe oxidation, which can cause degraded performance and reduced stability of PCM, hindering its industrialization process. In this work, a multilayered oxygen barrier (MOB) structure is proposed to tackle this challenge. Material characterization shows that the MOB structure can significantly reduce the extent of oxidation of PCMs from around 70% to as low as around 10%, achieving a remarkably low level of oxidation...

AIM: To illustrate the use of joint models (JMs) for longitudinal and survival data in estimating risk factors of tooth loss as a function of time-varying endogenous periodontal biomarkers (probing pocket depth [PPD], alveolar bone loss [ABL] and mobility [MOB]). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used data from the Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study, a longitudinal cohort study of over 30 years of follow-up. We compared the results from the JM with those from the extended Cox regression model which assumes that the time-varying covariates are exogenous...