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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Perrella, Olivia Geen, Manan Ahuja, Stephanie Scott, Ramya Kaushik, Lauren E Ferrante, Nathan E Brummel, John Muscedere, Bram Rochwerg
OBJECTIVES: To date, age, frailty, and multimorbidity have been used primarily to inform prognosis in older adults. It remains uncertain, however, whether these patient factors may also predict response to critical care interventions or treatment outcomes. DATA SOURCES: We conducted a systematic search of top general medicine and critical care journals for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining critical care interventions published between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021...
April 25, 2024: Critical Care Medicine
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer K Saper, Marie Heffernan, Norma-Jean E Simon, Matthew M Davis, Michelle L Macy
OBJECTIVES: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common pediatric infection, with young infants being at the highest risk of hospitalization and long-term sequela. New preventive agents have been recommended to prevent severe RSV illness in infants, including a vaccine administered during pregnancy. The current rates of recommended vaccination in pregnancy are suboptimal. Our objective was to characterize interest in RSV vaccination during pregnancy among people across the United States who were pregnant or planning to become pregnant...
April 25, 2024: Pediatrics
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji-Han Qi, Shi-Ling Huang, Shi-Zhu Jin
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for the majority of cases of EC. To effectively diagnose and treat ESCC and improve patient prognosis, timely diagnosis in the initial phase of the illness is necessary. This article offers a detailed summary of the latest advancements and emerging technologies in the timely identification of ECs. Molecular biology and epigenetics approaches involve the use of molecular mechanisms combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), high-throughput sequencing technology (next-generation sequencing), and digital PCR technology to study endogenous or exogenous biomolecular changes in the human body and provide a decision-making basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases...
April 15, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adriana-Teodora Campeanu, Mihaela Rus, Sorina Ispas, Alexandra Herlo, Aurora Craciun, Constantin Ionescu, Gheorghe-Mihail Banariu, Claudia-Simona Cambrea, Maria Nicolae, Andreea Nelson-Twakor, Irina-Magdalena Dumitru
Systemic disorders may exhibit early signs when conducting an oral examination. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have been published detailing the direct impact of the virus on the oral cavity. The present study aimed to determine whether indeed there are any significant disparities in oropharyngeal manifestations between individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and a control group, and whether the virus has the ability to invade and reproduce inside oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts, resulting in the development of oral ulcerations and superficial lesions...
2024: Med Int (Lond)
#25
Christal Davis, Yousef Khan, Sylvanus Toikumo, Zeal Jinwala, D Boomsma, Daniel Levey, Joel Gelernter, Rachel Kember, Henry Kranzler
There is considerable comorbidity across externalizing and internalizing behavior dimensions of psychopathology. We applied genomic structural equation modeling (gSEM) to genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics to evaluate the factor structure of externalizing and internalizing psychopathology across 16 traits and disorders among European-ancestry individuals (n's = 16,400 to 1,074,629). We conducted GWAS on factors derived from well-fitting models. Downstream analyses served to identify biological mechanisms, explore drug repurposing targets, estimate genetic overlap between the externalizing and internalizing spectra, and evaluate causal effects of psychopathology liability on physical health...
April 8, 2024: Research Square
#26
Ali M Hassan, Chad W Donley, Praveen Venkatachalam
BACKGROUND: Epistaxis is a frequent presenting complaint in the Emergency Department (ED). Roughly 60% of the population will suffer from epistaxis in their lifetime. The most common causes of epistaxis include nose picking, facial trauma, foreign bodies, and coagulopathies. There are other causes that are much less common, such as intracranial pseudoaneurysms. There are multiple causes that precipitate intracranial pseudoaneurysm formation, with head trauma accounting for less than 1% of inciting events...
2024: Open Access Emergency Medicine: OAEM
#27
Micah Pippin, William Stansbury, Praveen Budde
Benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) is a pediatric syndrome characterized by mild self-limiting sudden onset of muscle pain during or following recovery from a viral illness. The case discussed in this report is of an eight-year-old female diagnosed with the common cold after presenting to her primary care physician. Five days later, the patient presented to the emergency department with lower extremity pain. The patient was sent home with supportive care and mild analgesics. Twelve hours later, the patient was seen again in the emergency department with severe bilateral lower extremities pain and difficulty walking...
March 2024: Curēus
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Divakar Kumar, Manohar Lal Prasad, Mukesh Kumar, Shiv S Munda, Vidyapati
BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis presents with highly variable clinical manifestations affecting different organ systems in different individuals. The presentation ranges from an asymptomatic or mild disease to a severe disease associated with multiorgan failure and higher mortality. Leptospirosis is highly underreported due to a lack of diagnostic modalities and less suspicion among clinicians. METHODOLOGY: We present this single-center retrospective case series of 12 cases, which include various common and uncommon scenarios by which the disease can present and can be missed due to lack of suspicion...
March 2024: Curēus
#29
Zeyad J Rifai, Akshay Kohli, Samie Gilani, Xueguang Chen
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare vasculitis that can pose a significant mortality risk given its multiorgan involvement and is the most common of the three anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides. Cardinal pathological features include necrotizing granulomas of the respiratory tract, small and medium vessel vasculitis, and glomerulonephritis. Early treatment is imperative to reduce permanent organ damage such as end-stage kidney disease. We describe the first case of GPA relapse 38 years after the initial pulmonary presentation...
March 2024: Curēus
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ceyhun Bozkurt, Volkan Hazar, Barış Malbora, Alphan Küpesiz, Utku Aygüneş, Tunç Fışgın, Musa Karakükçü, Barış Kuşkonmaz, Suar Çakı Kılıç, Derya Bayırlı, Özlem Arman Bilir, Koray Yalçın, Salih Gözmen, Vedat Uygun, Murat Elli, Hakan Sarbay, Funda Tayfun Küpesiz, Hatice İlgen Şaşmaz, Başak Adaklı Aksoy, Ebru Yılmaz, Fatma Visal Okur, Funda Tekkeşin, Fatma Demir Yenigürbüz, Gülcihan Özek, Abdullah Avni Atay, İkbal Ok Bozkaya, Suna Çelen, Seda Öztürkmen, Adalet Meral Güneş, Orhan Gürsel, Elif Güler, Alper Özcan, Duygu Uçkan Çetinkaya, Selime Aydoğdu, Namık Yaşar Özbek, Gülsün Karasu, Gülay Sezgin, Ömer Doğru, Davut Albayrak, Gülyüz Öztürk, Serap Aksoylar, Hayriye Daloğlu, Işık Odaman Al, Melike Sezgin Evim, Sinan Akbayram, Yurday Öncül, Emine Zengin, Canan Albayrak, Çetin Timur, Yeter Düzenli Kar, Hasan Fatih Çakmaklı, Özlem Tüfekçi, Ersin Töret, Bülent Antmen
BACKGROUND: Data on the risk factors and outcomes for pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are limited. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to analyze the clinical signs, risk factors, and outcomes for ICU admission and mortality in a large pediatric cohort who underwent allogeneic HSCT prior to COVID-19 infection. METHOD: In this nationwide study, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 184 pediatric HSCT recipients who had COVID-19 between March 2020 and August 2022...
May 2024: Pediatric Transplantation
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathryn E L Grimes, Peter Vanes Ebasone, Anastase Dzudie, Denis Nash, Milton L Wainberg, Brian W Pence, Clare Barrington, Eric Pefura, Marcel Yotebieng, Kathryn Anastos, Denis Nsame, Rogers Ajeh, Annereke Nyenti, Angela M Parcesepe
BACKGROUND: Mental disorders are common among people with HIV (PWH) and are associated with poor HIV outcomes. Despite high unmet mental health needs among PWH, use of evidence-based mental health screening and treatment protocols remains limited at HIV treatment facilities across low-resource settings. Integrating mental health services into HIV care can reduce this gap. This study's objective was to explore factors that influence integration of mental health screening and treatment into HIV clinics in Cameroon...
April 24, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
#32
REVIEW
Elli Polemiti, Sören Hese, Kerstin Schepanski, Jiacan Yuan, Gunter Schumann
The environment influences brain and mental health, both detrimentally and beneficially. Existing research has emphasised the individual psychosocial 'microenvironment'. Less attention has been paid to 'macroenvironmental' challenges, including climate change, pollution, urbanicity, and socioeconomic disparity. Notably, the implications of climate and pollution on brain and mental health have only recently gained prominence. With the advent of large-scale big-data cohorts and an increasingly dense mapping of macroenvironmental parameters, we are now in a position to characterise the relation between macroenvironment, brain, and behaviour across different geographic and cultural locations globally...
April 24, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
#33
MULTICENTER STUDY
Jing Huang, Wei Shen, Fan Wu, Jian Mao, Ling Liu, Yanmei Chang, Rong Zhang, Xiuzhen Ye, Yinping Qiu, Li Ma, Rui Cheng, Hui Wu, Dongmei Chen, Ling Chen, Ping Xu, Hua Mei, Sannan Wang, Falin Xu, Rong Ju, Zhi Zheng, Xinzhu Lin, Xiaomei Tong
OBJECTIVES: To examine the risk factors for severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in a cohort of very preterm infants (VPIs) in China, as BPD is common among VPIs and associated with a high mortality rate. METHODS: In this multicenter retrospective study, medical records from infants with BPD born at gestation age (GA) of <32 weeks with birth weight (BW) of <1,500 grams (g) in 7 regions of China were included. The cohort was stratified into different BPD severity groups based on their fraction of inspired oxygen requirement at a modified GA of 36 weeks or post discharge...
April 2024: Saudi Medical Journal
#34
REVIEW
Daniel A Barone
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder is a parasomnia characterized by excessive muscle activity during rapid eye movement sleep (rapid eye movement sleep without atonia), along with dream enactment behavior. Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder tends to occur in older males and is of concern due to the known link to Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. When rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder occurs in association with other neurological or general medical conditions, or resulting from the use of various substances, it is called secondary rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder; the most common cause is neurodegenerative illness, specifically the synucleinopathies...
April 18, 2024: Sleep Medicine Reviews
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingyan Fang, Menglu Zhou, Fengkai Mao, Mengyuan Diao, Wei Hu, Guangyong Jin
BACKGROUND/AIM: We aimed to construct a validated nomogram model for predicting short-term (28-day) ischemic stroke mortality among critically ill populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected raw data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database, a comprehensive repository renowned for its depth and breadth in critical care information. Subsequently, a rigorous analytical framework was employed, incorporating a 10-fold cross-validation procedure to ensure robustness and reliability...
2024: PloS One
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James W Antoon, Tess Stopczynski, Justin Z Amarin, Laura S Stewart, Julie A Boom, Leila C Sahni, Marian G Michaels, John V Williams, Janet A Englund, Eileen J Klein, Mary A Staat, Elizabeth P Schlaudecker, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E Schuster, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Ariana Perez, Heidi L Moline, Andrew J Spieker, Carlos G Grijalva, Samantha M Olson, Natasha B Halasa
IMPORTANCE: Studies of influenza in children commonly rely on coded diagnoses, yet the ability of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes to identify influenza in the emergency department (ED) and hospital is highly variable. The accuracy of newer International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes to identify influenza in children is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of ICD-10 influenza discharge diagnosis codes in the pediatric ED and inpatient settings...
April 1, 2024: JAMA Network Open
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeynep Uze Okay, Berker Okay, Halil Ugur Hatipoglu, Gulsen Akkoc, Kamil Sahin
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory infections. It is responsible for more than half of lower respiratory tract infections in infants requiring hospitalization. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the fibrinogen-albumin ratio (FAR) and the severity of RSV infection and to compare its effectiveness with the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). This was a retrospective cohort study with patients aged from 29 days to two years who had been admitted to the pediatric clinic of our hospital...
2024: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
#38
REVIEW
Sara Bosio, Silvia Perossini, Marco Torella, Andrea Braga, Stefano Salvatore, Maurizio Serati, Matteo Frigerio, Stefano Manodoro
BACKGROUND: Vulvodynia (VVD) is a debilitating chronic vulvar pain significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic and complex illness characterized by an unpleasant sensation related to the filling of the bladder and it strongly impacts patients' lives. The exact mechanisms of the two syndromes remain unknown, but there is an overlap between suspected pathophysiologies. OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of the current research on the association between VVD and IC/BPS...
April 24, 2024: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federica Baffetta, Cecilia Buonsanti, Luca Moraschini, Susanna Aprea, Martina Canè, Stefano Lombardi, Mario Contorni, Simona Rondini, Ashwani Kumar Arora, Monia Bardelli, Oretta Finco, Davide Serruto, Silvia Rossi Paccani
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory illness in older adults. A major cause of COPD-related morbidity and mortality is acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Bacteria in the lungs play a role in exacerbation development, and the most common pathogen is non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). A vaccine to prevent AECOPD containing NTHi surface antigens was tested in a clinical trial. This study measured IgG and IgA against NTHi vaccine antigens in sputum. Sputum samples from 40 COPD patients vaccinated with the NTHi vaccine were collected at baseline and 30 days after the second dose...
December 31, 2024: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
#40
REVIEW
Rasit Dinc
Chronic subdural hematoma (c-SDH) is a frequent and serious neurological disease. It develops due to hemorrhage to the subdural space, mainly caused by head trauma. The middle meningeal artery (MMA) plays a critical role in the supply of blood to c-SDH. The decision on the type of treatment for c-SDH depends mainly on clinical and imaging evaluation. In cases in which patients are critically ill, the hematoma must be evacuated immediately. For this purpose, surgery is generally accepted as the mainstay of treatment...
2024: Brain Circulation
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