Trauma

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between after-hours (ie, nights and weekends) emergency general surgery and morbidity or mortality in dogs and cats during hospitalization. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study from September 1, 2013 to May 31, 2017. SETTING: University teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Four hundred seventy-four dogs and 66 cats that underwent emergency general surgery (gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, urogenital, soft tissue traumatic injury, splenectomy/excision of bleeding abdominal tumor, surgical revision, and negative exploratory categories) with the emergency surgery service...

OBJECTIVE: Given concerns about the potential long-term effects of concussion in young athletes, concussion prevention has become a major focus for amateur sports leagues. Athletes have been known to frequently use anti-inflammatory medications to manage injuries, expedite return to play, and treat concussion symptoms. However, the effects of baseline nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use on the susceptibility to head injury and concussion remain unclear. This study aims to assess the effects of preinjury NSAID use on concussion incidence, severity, and recovery in young athletes...

BACKGROUND: Risk factors exploring the link between trauma and Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been extensively explored in adults, however, less is known about child and adolescent populations. METHODS: The current meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate and summarise the child focused literature to estimate the strength of the relationship between social support and PTSD symptoms following traumatic events. RESULTS: Fifty primary studies reporting an effect size for the relationship between total social support scale or a source of social support with PTSD were included...

PURPOSE: Previous studies suggest that patients with multiple rib fractures have poor outcomes, but it is unknown how isolated single rib fractures (SRF) are associated with morbidity or mortality. We hypothesized that patients with poor outcomes after SRF can be identified by demographics and comorbidities. The purpose of this study was to model adverse outcome after single rib fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the 2016 National Inpatient Sample to identify patients with SRF associated with blunt trauma using ICD-10 coding...

We report a middle-aged man with a history of traumatic cervical spinal cord injury with extensive edema. Decompressive surgery of posterior laminectomy and fixation was performed. An irreparable dural rupture on dorsal-lateral side of the cord was found during operation. The patient was managed with a myofascial and fibrin glue assisted closure and underwent watertight closure of fascia and skin. No cerebrospinal fluid leakage was detected in postoperative period, and the wound was healing and discharged. Clinical symptoms resolved, however, half year later, the patient presented with C5 nerve palsy...

PURPOSE: Increasing emergency department (ED) compliance with transient ischemic attack (TIA) imaging guidelines has previously been demonstrated, along with a substantial rise in imaging utilization over the past decade. The purpose of this study was to characterize the most commonly used combinations of imaging studies during ED workup of TIA and to quantify prevalence of redundant imaging (RI). METHODS: TIA discharges from EDs in the United States from 2006 to 2017 were identified in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample...

CONTEXT: Causes of anterior knee pain (AKP) in jumping athletes include patellofemoral pain and patellar tendinopathy. Differential diagnosis of AKP is challenging, with variation in clinical presentations. No previous research has used pain location to describe AKP in basketball athletes. OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence and pain distribution of AKP in college basketball. To report the prevalence of focal inferior pole pain using two outcome measures. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study Setting: University and college basketball facilities in Alberta, Canada...

Fistulas between the aorta and surrounding organs are extremely rare but can be fatal if they are not identified and treated promptly. Most of these fistulas are associated with a history of trauma or vascular intervention. However, spontaneous aortic fistulas (AoFs) can develop in patients with weakened vasculature, which can be due to advanced atherosclerotic disease, collagen-vascular disease, vasculitides, and/or hematogenous infections. The clinical features of AoFs are often nonspecific, with patients presenting with bleeding manifestations, back or abdominal pain, fever, and shock...

The physiologic role of the kidneys is dependent on the normal structure and functioning of the renal vasculature. Knowledge and understanding of the embryologic basis of the renal vasculature are necessary for the radiologist. Common anatomic variants involving the renal artery (supernumerary arteries and prehilar branching) and renal vein (supernumerary veins, delayed venous confluence, retroaortic or circumaortic vein) may affect procedures like renal transplantation, percutaneous biopsy, and aortic aneurysm repair...

This randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of a multi-session, evidence-based, lay counselor-delivered transdiagnostic therapy, the Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA), in reducing unhealthy alcohol use and comorbidities among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Zambia. Adult PLWH with (a) unhealthy alcohol use plus mental health or substance use comorbidities, or (b) severe unhealthy alcohol use were randomized to receive a single-session alcohol brief intervention (BI) alone or BI plus referral to CETA...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Dr. Miller Edwin Preston was a surgeon with a deep interest in trauma and orthopaedics who practiced in Denver in the early 1900s. Dr. Preston arrived in Denver shortly after the creation of Denver's first city hospital in 1860. This hospital would later be renamed to Denver General Hospital and then Denver Health Medical Center. It excels for the quality of its emergency medicine residency program, a very high survival rate for severely injured patients and the clinical pathways and algorithms pertinent to the management of haemodynamically unstable pelvic ring injuries among others...

Bone exostosis is defined as a benign overgrowth of bone tissue of unclear origin. Rarely, bone exostosis might develop following soft tissue graft procedures like mucogingival surgical interventions (eg, FGG or subepithelial CTG). This aberration has been mainly associated with surgical trauma or fenestration of the periosteum but is still a matter of debate. The present paper (1) presents a clinical case with clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings at 30 years following application of an FGG to increase the gingival width and (2) provides a short literature review on this particular clinical condition...

BACKGROUND: At present in Australia women are not routinely, systematically informed of the risks of childbirth. AIMS: It is hoped this presentation of the perspective of some women who suffer unexpected obstetric complications will encourage change. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experience of women involved in obstetric medicolegal reports prepared by a colorectal surgeon over ten years is analysed. RESULTS: Twenty women were identified...

PURPOSE: Emergency trauma room treatment follows established algorithms such as ATLS®. Nevertheless, there are injuries that are not immediately recognized here. The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual risk for manifesting life-threatening injuries despite strict adherence to trauma room guidelines, which is different to missed injuries that describe recognizable injuries. METHODS: In a retrospective study, we included 2694 consecutive patients admitted to the emergency trauma room of one single level I trauma center between 2016 and 2019...

INTRODUCTION: In recent U.S. Military conflicts, hemorrhage remains the leading cause of preventable death with 30%-40% mortality rates. Management consists of effective bleeding control and rapid resuscitation with blood products. Rapid and accurate circulatory access is crucial in battlefield trauma management. This study evaluates the insertion success rate and time to successfully insert the NIO automatic intraosseous (IO) device and the Tactical Advanced Lifesaving IO Needle (TALON) manual IO device...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an enormous strain on global health. Due to precautionary measures, the epidemiology of health conditions may have been affected. Saudi Arabia imposed a lockdown order on March 25, 2020. This study investigated the impact of the pandemic lockdown on injuries in a level-I trauma center in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective study identified all injured patients seeking emergency care during the lockdown period (March 25-June 21, 2020) and a similar period in two previous year (March 25-June 21) 2018 and 2019...

COVID-19 pandemic caused by the newly emerged strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has had phenomenally casted its impact on the health-care systems globally. The rampant spread of contagiosity has challenged the solidarity of the medical fraternity of the developed and developing world. The rising turmoil enforces to trudge with stoicism and expresses the need for planning because of subjugating the prevailing conditions with judicial channelization of available resources. In many developed and developing countries, the resources such as appropriate equipment as well as personnel have been extended to combat the pandemic substantially...

Introduction: Traumatic posterior hip dislocation with comminuted fracture of the ipsilateral acetabulum and femoral neck is a rare fracture pattern. These injuries are associated with high energy trauma and pose challenges during management. Controversy exists between hip preservation and replacement surgeries in middle-age patients. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) have a high risk of non-union, avascular necrosis, and post-traumatic osteoarthritis of hip requiring total hip arthroplasty hip replacement (THA) as a secondary procedure later...

Introduction: Talus fracture is an uncommon fracture that can be encountered on day- to- day basis. However, it is the 2nd most common tarsal bone to get fractured after calcaneum and accounts for approximately 1% of all fractures around foot and ankle. The anastomotic ring around the talar neck is highly likely to get damaged at the time of the fracture, which, in turn, hampers the blood supply to the body of talus. As a result, the bone healing is delayed and the integrity of the healed fracture is poor which leads to poor functional outcome...