necrosis

An 8-month-old intact male golden retriever dog was seen as a case requiring urgent attention 2 d after an altercation with a cat. The dog was febrile, anorexic, and reluctant to move. There was soft-tissue swelling on the left ventral abdomen that progressed to necrotizing cellulitis. Despite the severity of the wound, client financial constraints necessitated management on a low-cost, outpatient basis using empirical antibiotics and raw-honey bandages. The wound resolved fully in 5 wk.

Malignant colonic obstruction can cause necrosis, bacterial translocation, electrolytic imbalance, and death; therefore, immediate decompression should be performed. Self-expandable metallic colonic stents are an established treatment for the decompression of malignant colonic obstructions. The use of stents that open from the distal side, which have been commonly used until now, requires caution because placing a stent on the dentate line can cause severe pain, and there is a possibility of cutting the stent during rectal resection of the distal side of the tumor...

Rainbow trout is a widely farmed economical cold-water fish worldwide, but the prevalence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) presents a severe risk to the aquaculture industry, resulting in high mortality and huge economic losses. In this study, the impacts of different concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 30 g/kg) of Chinese herbal medicine mixture (CHMM) on the immune response and resistance of rainbow trout to IHNV infection were evaluated. The results show that CHMM noticeably increased ( P < 0...

Neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease has been reported to display features of apoptosis, pyroptosis (programmed necrosis), or necroptosis. This study thoroughly examines the production and characterization of MCM-41 based berberine (BBR)-loaded porous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) by a modified Stöber method, focusing on their possible role in inhibiting the apoptotic process. Particle size, polydispersity index, morphology, drug loading, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and drug release were examined...

BACKGROUND: Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is found in animals and plants that play a role in brain function and metabolism. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effects of GLA on peripheral formalin injection. METHODS: Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Sham, formalin, formalin/GLA 100 mg/kg, and formalin/GLA 150 mg/kg. The Formalin test was utilized to create a pain model. A tissue sample was prepared from the spinal cords of rats to measure oxidative stress parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas represent a rare heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that constitute ~2-4% of all thyroid neoplasms. Substernal goiter (SG) is defined as an enlargement of the thyroid gland that is located below the thoracic inlet. Malignant neoplasms arising from a SG were reported in only 2-3% of cases.This case report has been reported in line with the Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) Criteria.21 . CASE PRESENTATION: This article presents a 54-year-old Syrian female who presented at our institution due to dysphagia, dyspnea, cervical swelling, and loss of appetite...

Although adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR) have been reported for metal-on-metal implants (MoM) requiring early revision surgery, no study has looked at the accuracy of surgical pathologists in diagnosing ALTR. This study aims to investigate the accuracy of reporting adverse local tissue reactions in tissue samples following revision surgery from metal-on-metal implants. The authors reviewed histology glass slides as well as the original pathology reports of tissue processed in revision arthroplasties in 23 cases...

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, demanding a deeper understanding of host immune responses for effective clearance of the parasitic infection. Cytokines, as crucial mediators of the immune system, orchestrate a complex interplay during the various stages of malaria infection. Throughout the course of the disease, an intricate balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines dictate the immune response's outcome, influencing parasitic clearance and disease severity. During the initial stages, interleukins such as interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) play pivotal roles in activating innate immune cells, initiating the anti-parasitic response...

Photothermal therapy (PTT) at mild temperatures ranging from 44 to 45 °C holds tremendous promise as a strategy for inducing potent immunogenic cell death (ICD) within tumor tissues, which can reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) into an immune-responsive milieu. However, accurately and precisely controlling the tumor temperature remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report the precision photothermal immunotherapy by using silica-coated gold nanorods (AuNR@SiO2 ), and investigating the optimal administration routes and treatment protocols, which enabled to achieve the sustained and controlled mild heating within the tumor tissues...

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs used for managing psychotic related disorders owing to its dopamine receptor blocking action. However, pharmacological investigations against CPZ's cytotoxic effect have remained scarce. Hence, this study investigated the preventive and reversal effects of taurine and coenzyme-Q10 (COQ-10), which are compounds with proven natural antioxidant properties, against CPZ-induced hematological impairments in male rats. In the preventive study, rats received oral saline (10 ml/kg), taurine (150 mg/kg/day), COQ-10 (10 mg/kg/day) or in combination for 56 days, alongside CPZ (30 mg/kg, p...

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has chemotherapeutic potential as a regulator of an extrinsic apoptotic ligand, but its effect as a drug is limited by innate and acquired resistance. Recent findings suggest that an intermediate drug tolerance could mediate acquired resistance, which has made the main obstacle for limited utility of TRAIL as an anti-cancer therapeutics. We propose miRNA-dependent epigenetic modification drives the drug tolerant state in TRAIL-induced drug tolerant (TDT)...

Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy is a minimally invasive treatment option in neurosurgery for intracranial tumors, including recurrent gliomas. The technique employs the thermal ablation of target tissue to achieve tumor control with real-time monitoring of the extent by magnetic resonance thermometry, allowing targeted thermal injury to the lesion. Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy has gained interest as a treatment option for recurrent gliomas due to its minimally invasive nature, shorter recovery times, ability to be used even in patients with numerous comorbidities, and potential to provide local tumor control...

PURPOSE: 18F-FDG PET captures the relationship between glucose metabolism and synaptic activity, allowing for modeling brain function through metabolic connectivity. We investigated tumor-induced modifications of brain metabolic connectivity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-three patients with left hemispheric tumors and 18F-FDG PET/MRI were retrospectively recruited. We included 37 healthy controls (HCs) from the database CERMEP-IDB-MRXFDG. We analyzed the whole brain and right versus left hemispheres connectivity in patients and HC, frontal versus temporal tumors, active tumors versus radiation necrosis, and patients with high Karnofsky performance score (KPS = 100) versus low KPS (KPS < 70)...

This work investigates the efficiency of cholecalciferol and low dose gamma radiation in modulating cytokine storm through their impact on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine and protecting against lung and liver injuries. Male Swiss albino mice were exposed to 0.2 Gy gamma radiation/week for four consecutive weeks then injected intraperitoneally (i.p) with a single dose of 8.3 × 106 CFU Escherichia coli/g b.w. then injected i.p. with 1.0 mg/kg cholecalciferol (Vit D3) for 7 days starting 4 h after E...

BACKGROUND: The nerve growth factor (NGF) has been previously shown to be involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival, or wound healing. This factor displays a variety of biological effects that yet remain to be explored. Previous data on cell lines show a pro-inflammatory role of NGF on monocytes. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of NGF, using a model of fresh human monocytes. METHODS: Monocytes obtained from PBMC were exposed to NGF at various concentrations...

Reduced processing speed is a core deficit in major depressive disorder (MDD) and has been linked to altered structural brain network connectivity. Ample evidence highlights the involvement of genetic-immunological processes in MDD and specific depressive symptoms. Here, we extended these findings by examining associations between polygenic scores for tumor necrosis factor-α blood levels (TNF-α PGS), structural brain connectivity, and processing speed in a large sample of MDD patients. Processing speed performance of n = 284 acutely depressed, n = 177 partially and n = 198 fully remitted patients, and n = 743 healthy controls (HC) was estimated based on five neuropsychological tests...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the effects of 24 weeks of three-duration Tai-Chi (TC) practice on depression and sleep quality in older women. METHODS: A total of 124 older women were randomly divided into four groups: short-time group (SG, n = 31, mean age: 65.3), medium-time group (MG, n = 30, mean age: 65.7), long-time group (LG, n = 32, mean age: 64.9) and control group (CG, n = 31, mean age: 66...

To assess epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment and overall survival of adult patients with renal sarcomas, the 2004-2016 SEER and NCDB databases were queried for adult patients diagnosed with renal sarcoma, calculating average annual age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) as well as overall survival (OS). In n = 1279 included renal sarcoma patients, AAIR remained constant over the study period (average 0.53 cases/1million; AAPC = 0...

The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor (TRAF) family of molecules are intracellular adaptors that regulate cellular signaling through members of the TNFR and Toll-like receptor superfamily. Mammals have seven TRAF molecules numbered sequentially from TRAF1 to TRAF7. Although TRAF5 was identified as a potential regulator of TNFR superfamily members, the in vivo function of TRAF5 has not yet been fully elucidated. We identified an unconventional role of TRAF5 in interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor signaling involving CD4+ T cells...

BACKGROUND: Inguinal lymphadenectomy (ILND) has historically been associated with substantial morbidity. The objective of this study was to obtain contemporary ILND morbidity rates and to identify potentially preventable risk factors. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of medical records for all superficial, deep, and combination groin dissections performed at a single, high-volume academic centre between January 2007 and December 2020. We collected data points for patient, disease, and surgery characteristics, and cancer outcomes...