Ulcerative colitis

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are highly prevalent worldwide, with considerable morbidity and mortality. Curcumin has been used for many years as a plant-derived product for the management of various conditions such as abdominal pain and poor digestion. This systematic review was undertaken with the aim of investigating the effect of curcumin or turmeric supplementation on GI diseases. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar up to March 2020 to identify clinical trials assessing the effect of curcumin/turmeric alone or in combination with other herbs or nutrients on GI diseases...

The rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has been used as an herbal medicine, coloring agent, spice, and food additive for thousands of years in different parts of the world particularly in Asian countries. It has been used for a range of diseases in many traditional medical schools, including Islamic traditional medicine, Chinese traditional medicine, and Ayurveda. It has been used mainly for digestive problems, as a cardio-, hepato-, and neuroprotective agent as well as in many inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and for enhancing immune system...

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a subcategory of inflammatory bowel diseases, affects more than 2 million people globally. This study sought to investigate the curative ability of aqueous leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (ATO) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-mediated colitis in rats. UC was induced by 5% of DSS in drinking water, and the curative ability of ATO was assessed at 200 mg/kg by oral administration for 10 days. The effect of ATO was deduced on anti-inflammatory, preclinical features [disease activity index (DAI)], redox assays, and alterations both microscopic and macroscopic of the colonic mucosa...

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BACKGROUND: Poor sleep is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), predicting increased risk of flares, surgery, and/or hospitalization and reducing quality of life. AIMS: To profile specific sleep disorder symptoms in IBD, informing intervention efforts. METHODS: 312 adults with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis were recruited from an academic medical center in New Hampshire, USA. Participants completed online surveys about sleep including well-validated measures of sleep quality, insomnia, restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythms...

OBJECTIVES: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and ultrasound (US) can be used to diagnose inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in children. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of MRE and US in pediatric patients with IBD. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies published up to June 1, 2020. The outcomes were the performances of MRE and US at the segment and patient levels. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves value (SROC) were analyzed...

Polyguanine tracts (PolyGs) are short guanine homopolymer repeats that are prone to accumulating mutations when cells divide. This feature makes them especially suitable for cell lineage tracing, which has been exploited to detect and characterize precancerous and cancerous somatic evolution. PolyG genotyping, however, is challenging because of the inherent biochemical difficulties in amplifying and sequencing repetitive regions. To overcome this limitation, we developed PolyG-DS, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) method that combines the error-correction capabilities of duplex sequencing (DS) with enrichment of PolyG loci using CRISPR-Cas9-targeted genomic fragmentation...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nutritional assessment in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is key to supporting growth whilst minimising adiposity. Bedside assessment using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) has previous identified patients with declining cellular and nutritional health. We aimed to assess BIS measures in stable paediatric IBD patient. METHODS: Stable IBD patients were recruited at routine hospital visits. All patients underwent BIS, anthropometry and disease activity assessment...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a subcategory of intestinal inflammatory bowel disease characterized by up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. The current study was designed to assess the probable protective effect of the nitric oxide (NO) donor, molsidomine, in experimental colitis model in rats. Rats were haphazardly classified into four groups: control, acetic acid, acetic acid + molsidomine (1 mg/kg) and acetic acid + molsidomine (2 mg/kg). Molsidomine (1 and 2 mg/kg/day) was administered by intra-peritoneal injection for 7 days prior to induction of UC...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the large intestine and exhibits a relapsing and remitting course. It is a complex immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract that increases morbidity and negatively influences the quality of life. Although our previous studies have indicated that CD30L is involved in the adaptive immune response in UC, it remains unclear whether it participates in the innate immune response. Our results revealed that the CD30L level significantly increased in the circulating classical monocytes of patients with UC and showed a positive correlation with the severity of UC...

INTRODUCTION: Comparative effectiveness studies are needed to help position therapies for ulcerative colitis (UC). We compared the efficacy of infliximab vs. vedolizumab for moderate to severe biologic-naïve UC using patient-level data from clinical trial program datasets. METHODS: This was a post-hoc analysis of three UC clinical trial programs which included data on 795 biologic-naïve UC patients. Differences in proportions of patients achieving week 6 clinical remission (CR) and response, and one-year CR, corticosteroid-free CR, and endoscopic remission (ER), are reported...

Inflammatory bowel disease incidence has been constantly rising for the past few decades. Current therapies attempt to mitigate its symptoms since no cure is established. The most commonly prescribed drug for these patients is 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Due to the low rate and seriousness of side effects compared to other therapies, 5-ASA is still largely prescribed in many stages of inflammatory bowel disease, including scenarios where evidence suggests low effectiveness. Although commercialized formulations have come a long way in improving pharmacokinetics, it is still necessary to design and develop novel delivery systems capable of increasing effectiveness at different stages of the disease...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease is defined as chronic noninfectious inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Its incidence and predominance have increased globally, with no effective agents for preventing its recurrence or treatment until now. AIM: The current study aimed to investigate the possible role of canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2), to prevent and treat acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in a rat model...

The gene of A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) regulates cell cycle progression, cell motility, and morphology through its multiple scaffolding domains. However, the role of AKAP12 expression in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients has not been yet described. The aim of the study was to describe the gene and protein of AKAP12 expression in patients with UC and its association regarding the disease severity. We included a total of 40 patients with confirmed diagnosis of UC and 25 controls without endoscopic evidence of colitis or neoplasia...

Background and aims: Chronic inflammation is associated with premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We studied the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) amongst individuals with IBD who have not developed ASCVD. Methods: Our study population was derived from the 2015 - 2016 National Health Interview Survey. Those with ASCVD (defined as myocardial infarction, angina or stroke) were excluded. The prevalence of CRFs among individuals with IBD was compared with those without IBD...

Background and study aims  Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) may be a useful modality for disease assessment and risk stratification in ulcerative colitis. We assessed the reliability of a newly developed EUS index of inflammation called the EUS-Ulcerative Colitis (EUS-UC) score. Patients and methods  The EUS-UC score components include total wall thickness, hyperemia, and depth of inflammation (DOI). Three blinded expert endosonographers assessed EUS videos of 58 patients with UC in triplicate. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the hyperemia and DOI component scores were estimated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs)...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common disease with great variability in severity, with a high recurrence rate and heavy disease burden. In recent years, the different biological functions of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRs) have aroused wide concerns, the ceRNA network of ulcerative colitis (UC) may have potential research value, and these expressed noncoding RNAs may be involved in the molecular basis of inflammation recurrence and progression. This study analyzed 490 colon samples associated with UC from 4 gene expression microarrays from the GEO database and identified gene modules by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA)...

Cyclophilins (Cyps) is a kind of ubiquitous protein family in organisms, which has biological functions such as promoting intracellular protein folding and participating in the pathological processes of inflammation and tumor. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two common intestinal diseases, but the etiology and pathogenesis of these two diseases are still unclear. IBD and CRC are closely associated, IBD has always been considered as one of the main risks of CRC. However, the role of Cyps in these two related intestinal diseases is rarely studied and reported...

Migraine is a very prevalent disease worldwide and is a major cause of disability. As known for a long time, migraine is associated with neurogenic inflammation. Epidemiological studies have shown that migraine is comorbid with several chronic inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRDs) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). This brief narrative review highlights some recent data supporting a link between migraine and these three chronic inflammatory diseases...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE: Agastache mexicana is a popular plant of great demand in folk medicine, essentially due to its calming properties and for alleviating arthritic, muscular and abdominal pain. Despite its spectrum for pain relief, pharmacological studies of its bioactive constituents have been barely investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate protective properties of the A. mexicana and bioactive compounds improving pathological gastrointestinal conditions in rodents...