Ulcerative colitis

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to improve morphological diagnostics, including differential, of UC and IBS, identifying morphological features of cellular infiltration in the mucous membrane ofthe large intestine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Material and methods: Autopsy and biopsy material - fragments of the mucous membrane of the large intestine was used in this study. All the material was divided into 5 groups. Group 1 included autopsy material from 6 cases, in which no general pathological processes in the gastrointestinal tract were detected during autopsy and microscopic examination...

BACKGROUND: Graciloplasty (GP) is indicated in case of recurrent rectovaginal fistula (RVF) after failure of previous local treatments. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors for GP failure performed for RVF. METHODS: Retrospective study based on a prospective database of GP, coming from two expert centers. RESULTS: 61 patients undergoing a first GP for RVF (n=51) or ileal-vaginal fistula after ileal-pouch-anal-anastomosis (IPAA) (n=10), with a mean age of 42 years (range, 24-72) were analyzed...

The beneficial effects of probiotics on ameliorating ulcerative colitis (UC) have attracted much attention in recent years. Nevertheless, the number of these identified probiotics is still limited. In addition, the adhesion abilities of probiotics are considered to be a key determinant for probiotic efficacy. However, the relationship between the adhesion abilities of probiotics and their role in ameliorating UC has been poorly studied to date. This study measured the adhesion abilities of four Lactobacillus strains to Caco-2 cells and their anti-adhesion effects on Caco-2 cells against pathogenic bacteria, as well as their application in ameliorating the symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC, and further illustrated the relationship between these two potential probiotic properties of probiotics and their beneficial effects on UC...

Background and Aims: The majority of patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy develop anti-drug antibodies (ADAs), which might result in loss of treatment efficacy. Strict guidelines on measuring trough levels (TLs) and ADA in clinical routine do not exist. To provide real-world data, we took advantage of our tertiary inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) center patient cohort and determined indicators for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and actual consequences in patient care...

Background: Long-standing ulcerative colitis has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Current guidelines recommend endoscopic CRC screening after 8 years of disease duration. The objectives of our study were to assess the adherence to recommendations and the quality of endoscopic procedure in long-standing ulcerative colitis. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. We selected patients included in the Swiss IBD cohort with a disease duration of ≥8 years and an extension above the rectosigmoid junction...

Background: Vedolizumab is a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody, which binds to α4β7 integrin on T lymphocytes, thus disturbing the interaction with mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 on the intestinal endothelial cells to interfere with lymphocyte trafficking to the gut. Summary: Vedolizumab is a safe and effective drug to induce and maintain clinical remission in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in both clinical trials and real-world data...

Potassium bromate (KBrO3) present in consumed ozonised water was recently documented to exacerbate experimental gastric ulcer. Report is however vague as regards its effects in the colon; where water reabsorption occurs. In this study, we observed the possible effects of KBrO3 on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in NaOH induced crohn's colitis. Wistar rats (180-200g) were divided into 6 groups (n=10); 1-control, 2-untreated crohn's colitis (induced by 1.4% NaOH; intra-rectal administration) and 3-6: crohn's colitis treated with vitamin E, KBrO3, vitamin E+KBrO3 and sulphazalazine respectively for seven days...

BACKGROUND: Although fibronectin has an important role in wound repair, nearly no human studies to date have investigated its condition in ulcerative colitis (UC) histologically. E-cadherin plays a critical role in the repair of normal epithelial tissues. This study aims to find out the condition of these two molecules in UC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The records of 22 UC patients during the period of 2004‒2009 were retrospectively analyzed. We also included 24 patients with sporadic colorectal cancer (SCC) and 24 patients with normal colonoscopic biopsies who served as the control group...

BACKGROUND: Patients with Crohn disease have debilitating psychological symptoms, mental fatigue, and poor quality of life. Psychological intervention may improve these symptoms. METHODS: We performed a randomized parallel-group physician-blinded trial of cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based stress reduction (COBMINDEX) on quality of life and psychological symptoms in adults with mild-moderate Crohn disease. COBMINDEX was taught by social workers in one-on-one video conferences over 3 months; quotidian home practice was mandated...

INTRODUCTION: Vedolizumab clinical decision support tool (VDZ-CDST) predicts response to vedolizumab, but whether this tool also predicts efficacy of other drugs in Crohn's disease (CD) is unknown. This study aimed to assess the value of VDZ-CDST to predict vedolizumab and ustekinumab efficacy in patients with CD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included consecutive CD patients refractory or intolerant to anti-TNF who started either vedolizumab or ustekinumab in 5 university hospitals between May 2014 and August 2018...

BACKGROUND: Mucosal healing is a treatment target for patients with ulcerative colitis. However, the relevance of proactive treatment for residual inflammation limited to the distal colon is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with ulcerative colitis who had extensive colitis in clinical remission and underwent colonoscopy were retrospectively enrolled and followed up for 2 years. Patients with complete endoscopic remission (CER; Mayo endoscopic subscore [MES] of 0) and those with short-segment distal inflammation (SS; active inflammation only in the sigmoid colon and/or rectum with a proximal MES of 0) were compared for the incidence of minor (only symptomatic) and major (need for induction treatments or hospitalization) relapses...

BACKGROUND: Vedolizumab is a widely used and safe therapy in inflammatory bowel disease, particularly in ulcerative colitis (UC), making it a promising candidate for enhanced efficacy by combining it with additional immunomodulatory medications. In this study, we studied the impact of vedolizumab monotreatment vs vedolizumab coadministration with other immunomodulatory drugs on intestinal inflammation and intestinal immune cells in vivo. METHODS: Colon tissue from human patients with UC with active disease or in remission with or without vedolizumab treatment was stained by immunohistochemistry...

OBJECTIVES: Experimental studies have shown that vitamin D has an immunomodulatory effect on the innate and adaptive immune systems. Associations between vitamin D deficiency and development or progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are reported, but a cause-and-effect relationship between pretreatment 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and response to anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF) therapy is not established. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated pediatric IBD patients who had 25(OH)D levels drawn within 3 months of initiating infliximab and/or adalimumab treatment...

The xCT antiporter is a cell membrane protein involved in active counter-transportation of glutamate (outflux) with cystine (influx) over the human cell membrane. This feature makes the xCT antiporter a crucial element of the biosynthesis of the vital free radical scavenger glutathione. The prodrug sulfasalazine, a medication for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, was previously proven to inhibit the xCT antiporter. Starting from sulfasalazine, a molecular scaffold jumping followed by SAR assisted design and synthesis provided a series of styryl hydroxy-benzoic acid analogues that were biologically tested in vitro for their ability to reduce intracellular glutathione levels using four different cancer cell lines: A172 (glioma), A375 (melanoma), U87 (glioma) and MCF7 (breast carcinoma)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with recurrent episodes of debilitating symptoms negatively affecting work productivity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The use of biologics in UC treatment improves work and HRQoL but prospective long-term data concerning the treatment with TNFα inhibitor golimumab in UC patients are still rare. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the change in work productivity, capacity for daily activities and HRQoL in UC patients treated with golimumab in Germany...

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a difficult to manage ulceronecrotising dermatosis associated with inflamatory bowel disease. In this article, we report a pyoderma gangrenosum associated with severe ulcerative colitis refractory to different treatments that finally responded to tofacitinib with complete remission of both digestive symptoms and pyodermical lesions. This case is an indicator of the potential role of tofacitinib for the treatment of extraintestinal manifestations of inflamatory bowel disease.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing worldwide, making it a serious public health challenge. Currently, there are no accepted curative treatments for UC. As such, the exploration of new therapeutic strategies for UC treatment is of considerable clinical importance. Jiaoqi powder (JQP) is a classic Chinese medicinal formula commonly used as a complementary and alternative medicine for treating gastrointestinal bleeding. JQP is thus a potential alternative medicine for UC treatment...