pharmacy

BACKGROUND: Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy has shown significant clinical benefits in improving overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for ES-SCLC from the US payer perspective and the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. METHOD: We conducted an economic evaluation using a Markov state-transition model, reflecting the US payer perspective and the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system...

BACKGROUND: Obesity has emerged as a major health challenge globally in the last two decades. Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism and de novo lipogenesis are prime causes for obesity development which ultimately trigger other co-morbid pathological conditions thereby risking life longevity. Fatty acid metabolism and de novo lipogenesis involve several biochemical steps both in cytosol and mitochondria. Reportedly, the high catalytically active mitochondrial carbonic anhydrases (CAVA/CAVB) regulate the intercellular depot of bicarbonate ions and catalyze the rapid carboxylation of pyruvate and acetyl-co-A to acetyl-co-A and malonate respectively, which are the precursors of fatty acid synthesis and lipogenesis...

INTRODUCTION: Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor (AI), which suppresses plasma estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, that causes the conversion of androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. There is very few information in the literature regarding the development of acute heart failure after AI use. We would like to report a case of a patient who was started letrozole for hormonal treatment and developed acute heart failure due to this. CASE REPORT: Fifty-seven-year-old woman with hormone positive breast cancer was operated after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and received radiotherapy...

Iris taxa are sources of valuable essential oils obtained from aged rhizomes used by various industries, including pharmacy, cosmetic, perfume, and food industry, in which irones are the most important aroma components. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) obtained from dried rhizomes of three endemics from Croatia, Iris pseudopallida , I. illyrica , and I. adriatica , were studied. The VOCs were isolated by three different methods: headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) using divinylbenzene/carboxene/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber or polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber, and hydrodistillation (HD)...

Background : Appropriate use of antimicrobials is essential to enhance therapeutic safety and efficacy. Clinical pharmacists play a crucial role in optimizing antimicrobial use; however, the contribution of pharmacy interns in antimicrobial use has not been studied. The objective of this study was to ascertain the quantity and nature of interventions related to antimicrobials documented by pharmacy interns, along with the rates at which physicians accepted these interventions. Methods : From August 2017 to March 2022, this study retrospectively evaluated antimicrobial-related interventions recorded by pharmacy interns during their rotations at King Khalid University...

BACKGROUND: Privacy in healthcare is a fundamental right essential to maintain patient confidentiality and trust. Community pharmacies in Saudi Arabia (SA) play a critical role in the healthcare system by providing accessible services and serving as initial points of contact for medical advice. However, the open nature of these settings poses significant challenges in maintaining patient privacy. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used electronic surveys distributed across various online platforms...

Therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics and antifungals based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters is a strategy increasingly used for the optimization of therapy to improve efficacy, reduce the occurrence of toxicities, and prevent the selection of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in vulnerable patients including neonates and the critical or immunocompromised paediatric host. In neonates and children, infections account for a high percentage of hospital admissions, and anti-infectives are the most used drugs...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics and antifungals based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, is a strategy increasingly used for the optimization of therapy to improve efficacy, reduce the occurrence of toxicities, and prevent the selection of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in vulnerable patients including neonates and the critical or immunocompromised host. In neonates and children, infections account for a high percentage of hospital admissions and anti-infectives are the most used drugs...

Clinical pharmacy is a fast-growing discipline in Europe, ensuring optimisation and a guarantee of safety in therapeutic management. Within a hospital the intensive care unit (ICU) typically admits the most severely ill patients who require expensive medications. These patients may be at risk for potentially serious adverse events, especially when medication errors occur. This study aims to evaluate the pharmacoeconomic and clinical impact of pharmaceutical care and service within ICUs. A systematic review of the literature following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 methodology was conducted to identify pharmacoeconomic studies published from 2017 to 2021 in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Science Direct...

OBJECTIVES: To revisit women's knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding emergency contraception (EC) in Hong Kong. The research sought to provide insights for improving the accessibility and quality of EC services. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study, where self-administered questionnaires were distributed at a major community sexual and reproductive health service in Hong Kong over a 3-month period between July 2023 and October 2023. Descriptive and regression analyses were used...

DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: The results of a survey to determine the pharmacy prevalence of second victim syndrome (SVS) at a comprehensive cancer center are presented...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Prescription opioids are commonly prescribed postoperatively and increase the risk of diversion or misuse when left unused and accessible. Despite awareness of the risks associated with unused opioids, harm reduction strategies like safe storage and drug take-back events may be limited by inconvenience and patient-specific barriers to access. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a quality improvement project designed to facilitate at-home disposal of unused opioids after day surgery...

OBJECTIVES: Pharmaceutical care for patients receiving oral anticoagulants (OACs) should be performed by trained healthcare professionals to prevent adverse effects and improve patient adherence. Before meeting patients, all pharmacy students in our department (in a one-year hospital internship program) experienced a theoretical training for several years. It was decided to add a practical component based on simulation training. The study reports the simulation program conception and the assessment of the simulation-based training for pharmacy stuents involved in conducting interviews with patients receiving ACOs...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop and optimize palbociclib-loaded nanobubbles for targeted breast cancer therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biocompatible poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) was used to create nanobubbles loaded with palbociclib. The formulation process was meticulously crafted using a three-level Box-Behnken design and a double emulsion solvent evaporation method to precisely tailor the nanobubbles' properties. RESULTS: The Derringer's desirability method optimized variables by transforming responses into a desirability scale, resulting in a global desirability value...

BACKGROUND: Carmustine is used in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM is well-known life-threatening type of cancerous tumor. GBM covers 60.00 % among all primary brain tumors, with an occurrence of 74,000 cases across the globe. Management for GBM is still very difficult because most of the medicines are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The present work observed that flexible liposomes embedded in-situ nasal gel of carmustine is the best brain-targeted medicine delivery system for the management of GBM through the nasal route...

OBJECTIVES: The objective of our study is to take stock of the cranioplasty implants used within our establishment. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We analyzed the patients files who underwent craniectomy followed by cranioplasty between 2017 and 2023, with at least 1 year of follow-up after cranioplasty (n=75). The data were extracted from the computerized patient file (DxCare®, Dédalus) and the pharmaceutical management tool for drugs and sterile medical devices (Pharma®, Computer Engineering)...

OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to determine postpartum females' self-reported adherence to and experience with short-term thromboprophylaxis using enoxaparin injection, after counselling by pharmacists. It also sought to assess their knowledge of thromboprophylaxis, injection techniques, and confidence in self-injecting. METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a public tertiary hospital in Malaysia from March to June 2023. Self-injection-naïve postpartum females who were initiated on thromboprophylaxis and counselled by a pharmacist were conveniently sampled...