Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

OBJECTIVES: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in SSc for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, there is little evidence to support their empirical use and long-term safety has been questioned. Our objective was to better describe clinicians' attitudes toward PPIs prescription and use in SSc patients. METHODS: Clinicians involved in the care of SSc patients were invited through international physician networks and social media to participate in an online survey...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a progressive, genetic, multi-organ disease affecting the respiratory, digestive, endocrine, and reproductive systems. CF can affect any aspect of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, pancreas, liver, and gall bladder. GI pathophysiology associated with CF results from CF membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction. The majority of people with CF (pwCF) experience exocrine pancreatic insufficiency resulting in malabsorption of nutrients and malnutrition...

INTRODUCTION: Despite the benefits associated with weight reduction, the anatomical and functional changes of bariatric surgery may favor the development of undesirable side effects such as the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using probiotics in individuals with GIS 1 year after being submitted to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an experimental, prospective, randomized, cross-over, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study, carried out with patients 1 year after being submitted to RYGB and who reported at least one moderate GIS...

Gastrointestinal involvement in systemic sclerosis can be severe, reaching the critical point of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, secondary to major disorders of small bowel motility. It is associated with some clinical and biological characteristics, in particular the positivity of anti-fibrillarin/U3RNP antibodies. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is complicated by a small intestinal bacterial overgrowth that requires cyclic antibiotic therapy. CIPO leads to a reduction of the food intake, due to painful symptoms, nausea and vomiting caused by meals, and ultimately to severe malnutrition...

BACKGROUND: D-lactic acidosis (DLA) is a serious complication of short bowel syndrome (SBS) in children with intestinal failure (IF). Malabsorbed carbohydrates are metabolized by bacteria in the intestine to D-lactate which can lead to metabolic acidosis and neurologic symptoms. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed in children ≤18 years old with SBS who had one of the following criteria: unexplained metabolic acidosis, neurologic signs or symptoms, history of antibiotic therapy for small bowel bacterial overgrowth, or high clinical suspicion of DLA...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has attracted attention recently. AIMS: To analyze the influence of H. pylori infection and eradication on SIBO, IMO, and abdominal symptoms. METHODS: Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were tested for 13 C urea breath test and if positive, treated with bismuth-based quadruple therapy. Lactulose hydrogen methane breath test (HMBT) was performed and symptoms were assessed using gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) before and 6 weeks after eradication...

(1) Background : The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. (2) Methods : This was a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. (3) Results : After 3 months of treatment, SIBO was absent in 80.0% of patients in the probiotic group and in 23.1% of patients in the placebo group ( p = 0.002). The patients with eliminated SIBO had decreased frequency of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, the increased platelets and albumin levels, the decreased blood levels of total bilirubin, biomarkers of bacterial translocation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein), and positive changes in markers of hyperdynamic circulation compared with the state at inclusion...

Aeromonas species can cause acute gastroenteritis but are much less commonly observed in the hospital setting than other bacteria. Most cases of Aeromonas hydrophila gastroenteritis reported in the literature have occurred in pediatric, elderly, and/or immunocompromised patients. We present a case of subacute watery diarrhea due to A. hydrophila infection in an otherwise healthy 48-year-old female patient with prior abdominal surgeries and recent hospitalization for a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) for which she received antibiotics...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Obesity is a predisposing factor for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the prevalence of SIBO as well as its clinical, biological, and nutritional aspects before and up to 24 months after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients (mean BMI 46.9 kg/m2 , 66.7% women) requesting RYGB were included between 2016 and 2020. Each patient underwent a glucose breath test, a standardized interrogation on functional digestive signs, a dietary survey, a blood test, a fecalogram, and anthropometric data gathering...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative motor disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The substantia nigra is neither the first nor the only brain region affected by PD. Recent and old studies have shown that PD does not only affect the CNS; in fact, autonomic innervation in the GIT, skin, and olfactory system was found to be affected by α-synuclein pathology outside the CNS, affecting patients' quality of life. In the gastrointestinal system, dysphagia, constipation, and bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine are common in patients with PD...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the symptomatic response rate to antibiotics in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Similarly, we performed a meta-analysis on the symptomatic response to antibiotics in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients with and without SIBO. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to March 2021. Randomized controlled trials and prospective studies reporting dichotomous outcomes were included...

Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with an unknown etiology, is primarily characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons. The prevalence of PD has experienced a significant surge in recent years. The unidentified etiology poses limitations to the development of effective therapeutic interventions for this condition. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has affected approximately half of the global population. Mounting evidences suggest that H. pylori infection plays an important role in PD through various mechanisms...

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and compositional changes of intestinal microbiota are pathomechanistic factors in liver cirrhosis leading to bacterial translocation and infectious complications. We analyzed the quantity and composition of duodenal bacterial DNA (bactDNA) in relation to bactDNA in blood and ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis. Duodenal fluid and corresponding blood and ascites samples from 103 patients with liver cirrhosis were collected. Non-liver disease patients (n = 22) served as controls...

While the immunodeficient status of NOD.Cg- Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl /SzJ (NSG) and NSG-related mice provides utility for numerous research models, it also results in increased susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. Over a 9-week period, a high rate of mortality was reported in a housing room of NSG and NSG-related mice. Diagnostics were performed to determine the underlying etiopathogenesis. Mice submitted for evaluation included those found deceased ( n = 2), cage mates of deceased mice with or without diarrhea ( n = 17), and moribund mice ( n = 8)...

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/5063088.].

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), associated with increased intestinal permeability, inflammation, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, can be triggered by acute gastroenteritis. Cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) is produced by gastroenteritis-causing pathogens and may underlie IBS-D development, through molecular mimicry with vinculin. Here, we examine the effects of exposure to CdtB alone on gut microbiome composition, host intestinal gene expression, and IBS-D-like phenotypes in a rat model...

Breath hydrogen (H2 ) and methane (CH4 ) monitoring play an important role in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders, such as lactose intolerance and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). In this paper, the photoacoustic spectroscopy method is used for H2 gas and CH4 gas detection. We present a novel approach for H2 gas concentration measurement, which is the linear relationship between the resonant frequency of breath carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and the H2 concentration in a resonant photoacoustic cell...

We reviewed the literature on the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Eight studies examining 893 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 48.11 ± 4.89 years. The mean BMI before surgery and at the time of SIBO diagnosis was 44.57 ± 2.89 kg/m2 and 31.53 ± 2.29 kg/m2 , respectively. Moreover, the results showed a 29% and 53% prevalence of SIBO at < 3-year and > 3-year follow-up after RYGB, respectively...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss all the various motility disorders impacting people with Cystic Fibrosis (PwCF) and provide diagnostic and management approaches from a group of pediatric and adult CF and motility experts and physiologists with experience in the management of this disease. RECENT FINDINGS: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms coexist with pulmonary symptoms in PwCF regardless of age and sex. The GI manifestations include gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophageal dysmotility gastroparesis, small bowel dysmotility, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome, distal idiopathic obstruction syndrome, constipation, and pelvic floor disorders...

BACKGROUND: There is a link between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) with nonspecific digestive symptoms. Nonetheless, whether HP infection is associated with SIBO in adults remains unclear. Based on a meta-analysis, we evaluated this relationship. RESULTS: Observational studies relevant to our research were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science. We evaluated between-study heterogeneity using the Cochrane Q test and estimated the I2 statistic...