Internal medicine

Sex and gender influence every aspect of human health, thus, sex- and gender-related topics should be incorporated in all aspects of health education curricula. Sex and gender health education (SGHE) is the rigorous, intersectional, data-driven integration of sex and gender into all elements of health education. A multisectoral group of thought leaders has collaborated to advance SGHE since 2012. This cross-sector collaboration to advance SGHE has been successful on several fronts, primarily developing robust interprofessional SGHE programs, hosting a series of international SGHE summits, developing sex- and gender-specific resources, and broadening the collaboration beyond medical education...

INTRODUCTION: Disparate engagement in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) may occur as early as the point of referral for certain subgroups, including Black and Hispanic men. We aimed to determine patient demographic and provider characteristics associated with referrals to a health system DPP in the Bronx, New York. METHODS: Patient and health system characteristics for DPP-eligible patients seen in primary care between July 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017, were obtained through the electronic health record...

The main research content of the field of ecological stoichiometry is the energy of various chemical elements and the interaction between organisms and the environment throughout ecological processes. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the main elements required for the growth and development of plants and these also form the constituent basis of biological organisms. Both elements interact and jointly regulate the growth and development of plants, and their element ratios are an indication of the nutrient utilization rate and nutrient limitation status of plants...

Cefoperazone/sulbactam-induced hypoprothrombinaemia is associated with longer hospital stays and increased risk of death. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the occurrence of cefoperazone/sulbactam-induced hypoprothrombinaemia in hospitalized adult patients. This retrospective cohort study involved hospitalized adult patients at Xi'an Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 based on the Chinese pharmacovigilance system developed and established by the Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center in China...

Nowadays, the international situation is severe and complex, and the structural issues within the Chinese economy are prominent. Consequently, the financial risks faced by Chinese listed companies continue to escalate. Hence, it is of great practical significance to furnish effective early warnings for financial crises in listed companies. In this paper, we first employ web crawler technology and natural language processing technology to assess four text-linguistic features in the Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section of the annual financial reports of listed companies in China from 2011 to 2020...

OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence of supported employment interventions in low-to-middle income countries, documents their impact for persons with mental disorders in the open labour market and well as support decision making for its wider implementation in the workplace. DESIGN: The scoping review is conducted following guidelines in the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) Framework. DATA SOURCES AND ELIGIBILITY: Eleven databases which are PubMed, Scopus, Academic Search Premier, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Africa-Wide Information, Humanities International Complete, Web of Science, PsychInfo, SocINDEX, Open Grey and Sabinet were searched for articles published between January 2006 and January 2022...

Analysis of eukaryotic genomes requires the detection and classification of transposable elements (TEs), a crucial but complex and time-consuming task. To improve the performance of tools that accomplish these tasks, Machine Learning approaches (ML) that leverage computer resources, such as GPUs (Graphical Processing Unit) and multiple CPU (Central Processing Unit) cores, have been adopted. However, until now, the use of ML techniques has mostly been limited to classification of TEs. Herein, a detection-classification strategy (named YORO) based on convolutional neural networks is adapted from computer vision (YOLO) to genomics...

BACKGROUND: Women are generally under-represented as authors of publications, and especially as last authors, but this under-representation may not be uniformly distributed across countries. We aimed to document by country and region the proportion of female authors (PFA) in high-impact general medical journals. METHODS: We used PyMed, a Python library that provides access to PubMed, to retrieve all PubMed articles published between January 2012 and December 2021 in the fifty general internal medicine journals with the highest 2020 impact factor according to Journal Citation Reports...

The aim of this study was to develop early prediction models for respiratory failure risk in patients with severe pneumonia using four ensemble learning algorithms: LightGBM, XGBoost, CatBoost, and random forest, and to compare the predictive performance of each model. In this study, we used the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) for sample extraction, built a respiratory failure risk prediction model for patients with severe pneumonia based on four ensemble learning algorithms, and developed compact models corresponding to the four complete models to improve clinical practicality...

Past corruption research at the individual level has mainly focused on demographics, personality, attitudes, or morality related variables. Until now, only a few studies have focused on the intra-individual psychological mechanisms of corruption. Building on normative decision-making theory, the present study attempts to shed further light on the internal mechanisms that lead to the decision that corruption is a viable path. Following an informed grounded theory approach, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 38 Indonesian prisoners who have been convicted of corruption...

In a time of severe environmental problems and growing public and private expenditure to promote a sustainable society, studies on the impact of Research and Development (R&D) on environmental sustainability hardly ever exist. This study looked at how R&D promotes the attainment of environmentally sustainable goals, globally. Data at the country level was compiled from the United Nations-Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDG) database and the World Bank, then processed and analysed using spatial techniques such as spatial merge, autofill, autocorrelation, and geographic weighted regression...

Backyard poultry hens are becoming very popular as pets, and thus the demand for treating the individual chicken is increasing. Few basic diagnostic techniques commonly used in small animal practice have been evaluated in this species. At the moment, there is no study in backyard hens describing radiographic measurements of internal organs contrary to psittacine birds or birds of prey. Moreover, the effect of egg laying on these measurements has not been studied in avian species even though it could affect radiographic measurements depending on the stage of egg formation...

BACKGROUND: The nutritional status of individuals with cancer is a crucial determinant of their health and well-being, and addressing nutrition-related functioning conditions is essential for maintaining physical activity levels and participating in daily activities. AIM: This study aims to identify an evidence-based International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) scale using item response theory for nutrition conditions in patients with cancer, which can differentiate and assess nutrition-related functioning conditions of cancer survivors...

Lugnet, Viktor, Miles McDonough, Les Gordon, Mercedes Galindez, Nicolas Mena Reyes, Alison Sheets, Ken Zafren, and Peter Paal. Termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mountain rescue: a scoping review and ICAR MedCom 2023 recommendations. High Alt Med Biol 00:000-000, 2023. Background: In 2012, the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom) published recommendations for termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in mountain rescue. New developments have necessitated an update...

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to assess the existing literature on fundus tessellation (FT), focusing on its prevalence, associated factors, distribution, and progression. METHODS: Systemic methods were employed to search and gather published literature on FT from databases such as the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science (WOS), and Elsevier on July 1, 2023. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) criteria...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) is a marker of intravascular congestion and has prognostic value in patients with heart failure (HF). The elevation of intracardiac filling pressures is defined as hemodynamic congestion and is also associated with poor prognosis. However, the relationship between intravascular congestion and hemodynamic congestion remains unclear. This study sought to explore the correlation between ePVS and hemodynamic parameters and determine the association between ePVS and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced HF...

PURPOSE: We conducted this umbrella review to review the current evidence on the relationship between COVID-19 and sexual health in both men and women. METHODS: We conducted searches in Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane dataset for meta-analyses that met our pre-set inclusion criteria. We included studies with detailed information investigating the link between COVID-19 and sexual health in men/women. We did not limit the language. RESULTS: The results of the included studies frequently relied on the Female Sexual Function Index to assess sexual health in women...

BACKGROUND: The complexities of mitochondrial disease make epidemiological studies challenging, yet this information is important in understanding the healthcare burden and addressing service and educational needs. Existing studies are limited to quaternary centres or focus on a single genotype or phenotype and estimate disease prevalence at 12.5 per 100 000. New Zealand's (NZ) size and partially integrated national healthcare system make it amenable to a nationwide prevalence study...