Sepsis

Empyema resulting as a complication of penetrating diaphragmatic injuries is a subject that requires further investigation, and the aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with empyema in patients with penetrating trauma. Consecutive adult trauma patients from a level 1 trauma center were searched for penetrating diaphragm injuries. Data were collected on patient demographics, pre-existing conditions, injury type and severity, hospital interventions, in-hospital complications, and outcomes...

Gram-negative bacteria living in marine waters have evolved peculiar adaptation strategies to deal with the numerous stress conditions that characterize aquatic environments. Among the multiple mechanisms for efficient adaptation, these bacteria typically exhibit chemical modifications in the structure of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a fundamental component of their outer membrane. In particular, the glycolipid anchor to the membrane of marine bacteria LPSs, i.e. the lipid A, frequently shows unusual chemical structures, which are reflected in equally singular immunological properties with potential applications as immune adjuvants or anti-sepsis drugs...

BACKGROUND: Sepsis may be linked to oxidative stress and can be controlled by itaconate, an activator of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Nevertheless, the itaconate impact on sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) has yet to be definitively established. METHODS: We employed SA-AKI mouse model through a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedure for the in vivo investigation of the potential nephroprotective effect of itaconate in this study...

Spontaneous previable rupture of membranes complicates approximately 0.4-0.7% of pregnancies and is associated with severe maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Intra-amniotic inflammation is present in up to 94.4% of cases, most often caused by a bacterial infection. In comparison, the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in its eradication reaches less than 17%. Inflammatory activity in the amniotic cavity disrupts the physiological development of the fetus with an increase in maternal, fetal, and neonatal inflammatory morbidity through the development of fetal inflammatory response syndrome, maternal chorioamnionitis, and neonatal sepsis...

INTRODUCTION: Cardiac dysfunction after sepsis the most common and severe sepsis-related organ failure. The severity of cardiac damage in sepsis patients was positively associated to mortality. It is important to look for drugs targeting sepsis-induced cardiac damage. Our previous studies found that 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) was beneficial to septic shock by improving cardiovascular function and survival, while the specific mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore the specific mechanism and PBA for protecting cardiac function in sepsis...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is among the most common diabetic complications requiring hospitalization. Prompt emergency department diagnosis and evidence-based management can prevent eventual amputation and associated disability and mortality. Underlying neuropathy, arterial occlusion, immune dysfunction, and hyperglycemia-associated dehydration and ketoacidosis can all contribute to severity and conspire to make DFI diagnosis and management difficult. Serious complications include osteomyelitis, necrotizing infection, and sepsis...

The modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an essential post-translational modification common in metazoans. O-GlcNAc is cycled on and off proteins in response to environmental and physiological stimuli impacting protein function, which, in turn, tunes pathways that include transcription, translation, proteostasis, signal transduction, and metabolism. One class of stimulus that induces rapid and dynamic changes to O-GlcNAc is cellular injury, resulting from environmental stress (for instance, heat shock), hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, ischemia reperfusion injury (heart attack, stroke, trauma hemorrhage), and sepsis...

AIM: The study was to clarify the mechanism of miR-1258 targeting Prep1 (pKnox1) to control Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1)/SMAD3 pathway in septic Acute Lung Injury (ALI)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS: BEAS-2B cells and C57BL/6 mice were used to make in vitro and in vivo septic ALI models, respectively. miR-1258 expression was checked by RT-qPCR. After transfection in the in vitro experimental model, inflammation, oxidative stress, viability, and apoptosis were observed through ELISA, MTT, and flow cytometry...

BACKGROUND: Sepsis refers to a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection, involving multiple organs. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), as one of the most common complications in patients with severe sepsis, refers to the diffuse brain dysfunction caused by sepsis without central nervous system infection. However, there is no clear diagnostic criteria and lack of specific diagnostic markers. METHODS: The main active ingredients of coptidis rhizoma(CR) were identified from TCMSP and SwissADME databases...

IMPORTANCE: Recent sepsis trials suggest that fluid-liberal vs fluid-restrictive resuscitation has similar outcomes. These trials used generalized approaches to resuscitation, and little is known about how clinicians personalize fluid and vasopressor administration in practice. OBJECTIVE: To understand how clinicians personalize decisions about resuscitation in practice. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This survey study of US clinicians in the Society of Critical Care Medicine membership roster was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023...

OBJECTIVES: Cardiopulmonary and infectious complications are more common in preterm newborns after preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). Fetal echocardiography may be helpful in predicting neonatal condition. Our aim was to assess the cardiovascular changes in fetuses from pregnancies complicated by pPROM and possible utility in predicting the intrauterine or neonatal infection, and neonatal heart failure (HF). METHODS: It was a prospective study enrolling 46 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by pPROM between 18+0 and 33+6 weeks of gestation and followed until delivery...

BACKGROUND: Sepsis, characterized by life-threatening organ dysfunction, stems from an unregulated host response. Timely identification is pivotal for enhancing the prognosis of sepsis patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the diagnostic and prognostic values of alkaline phosphatase on the surface membrane of neutrophils (mNAP) in peripheral blood among sepsis patients. DESIGN: The study employed a retrospective design. SETTING: This study was conducted at Donghai County People's Hospital...

OBJECTIVE: Dexmedetomidine has demonstrated potential in preclinical medical research as a protective agent against inflammatory injuries and a provider of neuroprotective benefits. However, its effect on the short-term prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy remains unclear. This study aims to explore the underlying value of dexmedetomidine in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study enrolled patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database, and they were divided into two groups based on dexmedetomidine therapy during hospitalization...

The article "Study on the functions and mechanism of immune functions of human telomerase reverse transcriptase regulating dendritic cells treating sepsis", by H.-M. Chen, L.-Q. Wang, H.-P. Wan, H.-Z. Wei, L.-C. Ke, C.-Y. Liu, Q.-Y. Tan, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20 (21): 4500-4507-PMID: 27874963 has been retracted by the Editor in Chief for the following reasons. Some concerns were raised on PubPeer (https://pubpeer.com/publications/3604386A706802443E51758A893D6F) about Figures 3, 4, and 5 showing some overlaps and similar bands in Western blots figures...

BACKGROUND: Sivelestat, a selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase (NE), can mitigate sepsis-related acute lung injury. However, the role of sivelestat in inhibiting oxidative stress and attenuating sepsis-related acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. Here, we reported the effects of sivelestat against oxidative stress-induced AKI by suppressing the production of oxidative stress indicators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A male Sprague-Dawley rat model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)...

OBJECTIVES: Several studies have reported risk factors for severe disease and mortality in hospitalized adults with RSV infections. There is limited information available regarding the factors that affect the duration of a patient's hospital length of stay (LOS). METHODS: This was a multicenter historical cohort study of adult patients hospitalized for laboratory-confirmed RSV in Southeast Michigan between January 2017 and December 2021. Hospitalized patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision 10 codes for RSV infection...

AIMS: There have been inconsistent reports regarding the effect of antithrombin on sepsis; furthermore, there are limited reports on how dosage affects therapeutic efficacy. Thus, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of antithrombin for sepsis and a meta-regression analysis of antithrombin dosage. METHODS: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of adult patients with sepsis who received antithrombin...

The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) method is preferred for genotyping useful for the identification of organisms, illumination of metabolic pathways, and determination of microbiota. It can accurately obtain all the nucleic acid information in the test sample. Anthrax is one of the most important zoonotic diseases, infecting mainly herbivores and occasionally humans. The disease has four typical clinical forms, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, inhalation, and injection, all of which may result in sepsis or meningitis, with cutaneous being the most common form...