IBD AND family history

IMPORTANCE: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) (age, <50 years) continues to increase globally within high-income countries. OBJECTIVE: To examine and compare rates of synchronous neoplasia found in patients at colonoscopic diagnosis of early-onset CRC with rates found at diagnosis of average-onset CRC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this multisite retrospective and cross-sectional study conducted at Mayo Clinic sites and in the Mayo Clinic Health System from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022, 150 randomly selected patients with early-onset CRC were identified from the electronic health record and matched with 150 patients with average-onset CRC based on sex and colonoscopic indication...

RATIONALE: Latent tuberculosis (TB) infection screening before inducing anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) alpha agents is important to prevent TB reactivation. However, latent TB infection reactivation may still occur, and the ideal therapeutic strategy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who develop active TB infection has not been established. Vedolizumab (VDZ) has a good safety profile, with low incidence rates of serious infections. However, its safety in patients with latent TB infection reactivation associated with anti-TNF-alpha agents remains unknown...

Background Inappropriate or "off-label" use of multi-target stool DNA (mt-sDNA) tests refers to their use in patients for whom colonoscopy or no testing at all is warranted. Examples include a positive family history of colorectal cancer, a history of inflammatory bowel disease, or medical issues necessitating diagnostic colonoscopy, among others. Current understanding of off-label mt-sDNA use for colorectal cancer screening, its associated risks, and outcomes is lacking. We examined off-label mt-sDNA prescription and compliance with testing in an outpatient setting in southeast Michigan...

INTRODUCTION: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program is proven to reduce CRC incidence and mortality, understanding patterns and predictors of suboptimal adherence in screening program requires further investigation in Canada. METHODS: We used self-reported data from five regional cohorts of the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (CanPath), namely the BC Generations Project (BCGP), Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP), the Ontario Health Study (OHS), Quebec's CARTaGENE, and the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health Study (Atlantic PATH)...

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is rarely associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Long-term outcomes of AIP and IBD in patients with AIP-IBD coexistence and predictors of complicated AIP course are scarcely known. METHODS: An ECCO COllaborative Network For Exceptionally Rare case reports project (ECCO-CONFER) collected cases of AIP diagnosed in patients with IBD. Complicated AIP was defined as a composite of endocrine and/or exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and/or pancreatic cancer...

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for young-onset advanced colorectal neoplasia. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of 30 potential exposure risk factors from 28 original studies. Results: Several risk factors showed statistical significance, including male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.12-1.47), metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.25-1.44), hypertension (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.17-1.28), diabetes (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.15-1.32), inflammatory bowel disease (OR: 4.62; 95% CI: 1.12-17.54), obesity (OR: 1...

Immune-mediated diseases tend to overlap in ways that are not completely understood. When a presentation is not entirely explained by a former condition, other hypotheses should arise. Additionally, the activity of 2 overlapping immune-mediated conditions is not always associated. We present an unusual association between Crohn's disease and dermatomyositis in a 28-year-old man. The patient presented with a 2-month history of proximal muscle weakness and a skin rash with heliotrope periorbital edema. Since the patient had already been diagnosed with Crohn's disease, he was under immunosuppressive therapy, and he had a family history of psoriasis, the diagnosis was not immediate and required an integrative approach...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), which means colorectal cancer diagnosed in patients under 50 years, has been increasing around the world. However, the etiology remains unclear. This study aims to identify risk factors for EOCRC. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to November 25, 2022. We examined risk factors for EOCRC, including demographic factors, chronic conditions, and lifestyle behaviors or environmental factors...

Chronic intractable diarrhea is a common presenting complaint that is often clinically worked up for a wide variety of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and hyperthyroidism. When lab results come back normal, patients are often diagnosed with irritable bowel disease-diarrheal subtype, overlooking the potential diagnosis of mastocytic enterocolitis. Mastocytic enterocolitis is an uncommon diagnosis where patients can benefit from mast cell stabilizers that directly target the underlying pathology...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic inflammatory conditions of the pouch are common after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC). AIMS: We aimed to investigate the relationship between acute pouchitis within 180 days of the final stage of IPAA surgery (very early pouchitis) and the future development of chronic antibiotic dependent pouchitis (CADP) and Crohn's-like disease of the pouch (CLDP). METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study, evaluating patients who underwent proctocolectomy with IPAA between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2016...

Identifying risk factors for early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) could help reverse its rising incidence through risk factor reduction and/or early screening. We sought to identify EOCRC risk factors that could be used for decisions about early screening. Using electronic databases and medical record review, we compared male veterans aged 35-49 years diagnosed with sporadic EOCRC (2008-2015) matched 1:4 to clinic and colonoscopy controls without CRC, excluding those with established inflammatory bowel disease, high-risk polyposis and non-polyposis syndromes, prior bowel resection, and high-risk family history...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause not only respiratory symptoms but also gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, there is increased concern about the autoimmune complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This report describes a 21-year-old non-smoking Caucasian male with a history of acute pancreatitis but no other medical issues or family history who developed a new onset of ulcerative colitis after the second episode of COVID-19. He had three doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine...

IMPORTANCE: Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) inhibitor-induced psoriasiform eruption is well recognized in adults, but few reports document this paradoxical effect in children. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the clinical features and the clinical time course of TNF inhibitor-induced psoriasiform eruptions in children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A multicenter retrospective case series of children younger than 18 years seen between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2016, who developed a new-onset psoriasiform eruption while taking a TNF inhibitor for a nondermatologic disorder...

The majority of colorectal polyps in adults are adenomatous polyps, while hamartoma polyps are rare. Juvenile polyps are the most common type of polyp in children; however, they are rare in adults. Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is commonly elevated in inflammatory bowel disease and is rarely studied in juvenile rectal polyps. Reports of elevated FCP in solitary juvenile rectal polyps of adults are rare. A 57-year-old female was admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (Qingdao, China) for treatment due to intermittent stool with mucus and blood...

BACKGROUND: Intestinal symptoms are common in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). HS patients may experience a broad spectrum of chronic inflammatory intestinal disorders (CIID), not exclusive to inflammatory bowel diseases, which are diagnosed by colonoscopy and intestinal biopsies. The frequency of CIID in patients with HS has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of CIID in HS and characterise this clinical population...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: While post-inflammatory polyps (PIPs) have historically been a risk factor for colorectal neoplasia (CRN), histologic activity may explain this association. We aimed to assess the impact of histologic activity on CRN occurrence in IBD patients with colonic PIPs. METHODS: Patients with PIPs on surveillance colonoscopy at Saint-Antoine hospital between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2020 were included and subsequent colonoscopies were assessed...

BACKGROUND: Following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis [IPAA] for ulcerative colitis [UC], up to 16% of patients develop Crohn's disease of the pouch [CDP], which is a major cause of pouch failure. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify preoperative characteristics and risk factors for CDP development following IPAA. METHODS: A literature search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCare and CINAHL databases was performed for studies that reported data on predictive characteristics and outcomes of CDP development in patients who underwent IPAA for UC between January 1990 and August 2022...

OBJECTIVE: Depression is more common in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, but whether inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic, relapsing immune-mediated disease, is associated with a higher risk of depression remains uncertain. METHOD: We studied 497,134 participants in the UK Biobank, including 3561 IBD patients. Multivariate Cox proportional risk models were constructed to investigate the risk associated with IBD and depression adjusting for potential confounding factors including sociodemographic, lifestyle, and family history variables...

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients may have an increased risk of neoplasia. The aim was to evaluate the incidence of malignant neoplasia in IBD patients, associated risk factors and therapy adjustments. METHODS: Unicentric retrospective cohort study. All patients followed for IBD in a tertiary portuguese hospital and oncological centre during 2015-2020 were included. RESULTS: 318 patients were included female 55.0%, age at diagnosis = 37...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are antibodies that block immune checkpoint proteins from binding with their partner proteins on cancer cells, subsequently allowing cytotoxic T-cell-associated enhancement of antitumor responses. Although ICIs have become the standard of care for various malignancies, their use is often limited by unique immune-related adverse events, including dermatologic, endocrine, inflammatory, hepatic, and gastrointestinal events. Diarrhea and colitis are common lower gastrointestinal tract immune-related adverse events, however, only a few cases have reported the association between celiac disease (CD) and ICIs...