Pregnancy loss

Systematically tracking and analysing reproductive loss in livestock helps with efforts to safeguard the health and productivity of food animals by identifying causes and high-risk areas.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets with two energy levels fed to Ile de France ewes during the last third of gestation on the performance, carcass, and meat traits of their offspring. Treatments were: D0: maternal diet meeting the requirements for the last third of gestation, and D20: maternal diet containing an additional 20% energy requirements. Twenty single-born male lambs, ten from each group of ewes, were weaned at 60 d (18.3 ± 1.4 kg initial BW) and fed a common finishing diet...

Feeding raw meat is becoming increasingly common among dog owners. This feeding practice can pose a hygienic risk and can lead to health risks for dogs and their owners. Hygienically sound food rations, that are balanced in terms of all nutrients and energy, must be feed to breeding dogs. The aim of this study was to record the influence of raw feeding on the occurrence of mastitis, metritis and the survival of puppies. An online questionnaire was sent to kennel club registered dog breeders in Germany and Switzerland...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pregnancy could be a disastrous event with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. DKA can occur with a normal blood glucose level, known as euglycemic DKA. It particularly affects pregnant women with type I diabetes. Here, we report the case of a 28 year-old primigravid patient, with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for 8 years. This patient consulted our department at 29 weeks of gestation with a previous history of headaches, vomiting and diarrhea for 9 h...

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) increases in circulation during pregnancy and has been implicated in food intake, weight loss, complications of pregnancy, and metabolic illness. We used a Gdf15 knockout mouse model ( Gdf15 -/- ) to assess the role of GDF15 in body weight regulation and food intake during pregnancy. We found that Gdf15 -/- dams consumed a similar amount of food and gained comparable weight during the course of pregnancy compared to Gdf15 +/+ dams. Insulin sensitivity on gestational day 16...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of bronchiolitis-related hospitalizations among children under 5 years of age, with reinfection being common throughout life. Maternal vaccination has emerged as a promising strategy, delivering elevated antibody levels to newborns for immediate protection. However, limited research has explored the protective efficacy of maternal antibodies (matAbs) against secondary RSV infections in offspring. To address this gap, we employed a mouse model of maternal RSV vaccination and secondary infection of offspring to evaluate lung pathology following RSV reinfection in mice with varying levels of maternal antibody (matAb)...

PROBLEM: The COVID-19 pandemic hindered access to routine healthcare globally, prompting concerns about possible increases in pregnancy loss and perinatal death. BACKGROUND: PUDDLES is an international collaboration exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents who experience pregnancy loss and perinatal death in seven countries, including Aotearoa New Zealand. AIM: To explore parents' experiences of access to healthcare services and support following baby loss during the COVID-19 pandemic in Aotearoa New Zealand...

Concerns about the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic's possible impact on sexual and reproductive health have grown significantly. In this narrative review, the latest research on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on several facets of sexual and reproductive health is reviewed. The review starts initially by going through the possible consequences of SARS-CoV-2 on female menstrual cycles. The virus may interfere with the menstrual cycle, which could affect hormone synthesis and endometrial reactions, according to newly available evidence...

INTRODUCTION: Mifepristone-misoprostol treatment for medical abortion and miscarriage are safe and effective. This study aimed to assess clinical factors associated with subsequent surgical intervention after medical termination of early viable or non-viable pregnancy. METHODS: This retrospective, single-center study included women who underwent medical abortion at Taipei Medical University between January 2010 and December 2019. A total of 1,561 subjects, with 1,080 viable and 481 non-viable pregnancies, who were treated with oral mifepristone 600 mg followed by misoprostol 600 mg 48 h later were included...

BACKGROUND: Certolizumab is an Fc-free PEGylated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, although there is limited real-world evidence on the effectiveness and safety in patients with plaque psoriasis treated with certolizumab. The objective of this article is to determine the effectiveness, drug survival, and safety, including pregnancy, childbirth, and lactation, of certolizumab in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis under real-world conditions...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The absence of corpus lutea in artificial cycle (AC) frozen embryo transfers (FET) may increase the chances of pregnancy loss. In this retrospective cohort study, the efficacy of AC endometrial preparation was compared natural cycle (NC) endometrial preparation in terms of ongoing pregnancy. METHODS: One thousand six hundred and eighteen consecutive vitrified-warmed blastocyst FET performed between December 2021 and November 2022 were included, with 1023 compared after exclusions according to the endometrial preparation method; 293 NC-FET, 143 modified NC-FET, 204 unprogrammed AC-FET, and 383 oral contraceptive pill (OCP) programmed AC-FET...

RESEARCH QUESTION: Are serum progesterone concentrations on the day of modified natural cycle (mNC) frozen blastocyst transfer (FET) without luteal phase support (LPS) associated with clinical pregnancy rate (CPR)? DESIGN: Data were collected between January 2019 and October 2022 as a sub-study of an ongoing randomized controlled trial assessing pregnancy outcomes in mNC-FET. The sub-study included all women (n = 209) randomized to mNC-FET without LPS at the time of data extraction...

The most reliable methods for pregnancy diagnosis in dairy herds include rectal palpation, ultrasound examination, and evaluation of plasma progesterone concentrations. However, these methods are expensive, labor-intensive, and invasive. Thus, there is a need to develop a practical, non-invasive, cost-effective method that can be implemented on the farm to detect pregnancy. This study suggests employing microwave dielectric spectroscopy (MDS, 0.5-40 GHz) as a method to evaluate reproduction events in dairy cows...

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder is one of the leading causes of peripartum maternal morbidity and mortality; its early identification during pregnancy is of utmost importance to ensure the optimal clinical outcome. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible association of the presence and type/location of placenta previa on MRI with PAS and maternal peripartum outcome. One hundred eighty-nine pregnant women (mean age: 35 years; mean gestational age: 32 weeks) at high risk for PAS underwent a dedicated placental MRI...

Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is a prevalent health concern with significant implications globally for gestational health. This research leverages machine learning to enhance the prediction of EPL and to differentiate between typical pregnancies and those at elevated risk during the initial trimester. We employed different machine learning methodologies, from conventional models to more advanced ones such as deep learning and multilayer perceptron models. Results from both classical and advanced machine learning models were evaluated using confusion matrices, cross-validation techniques, and analysis of feature significance to obtain correct decisions among algorithmic strategies on early pregnancy loss and the vitamin D serum connection in gestational health...

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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to muscle loss, but the precise mechanism underlying this association remains unclear. The aim of the present study was thus to determine the influence of maternal fatty liver and dietary choline deficiency during pregnancy and/or lactation periods on the skeletal muscle gene expression profile among 24-day-old male rat offspring. METHODS: Histological examination of skeletal muscle tissue specimens obtained from offspring of dams suffering from fatty liver, provided with proper choline intake during pregnancy and lactation (NN), fed a choline-deficient diet during both periods (DD), deprived of choline only during pregnancy (DN), or only during lactation (ND), was performed...

INTRODUCTION: The majority of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) cases have been attributed to immune abnormalities. Inappropriate changes in microbiota could lead to immune disorders. However, the specific role of uterine cavity microbiota in URPL remains unclear, and only a limited number of related studies are available for reference. METHODS: We utilized double-lumen embryo transfer tubes to collect uterine cavity fluid samples from pregnant women in their first trimester...

PURPOSE: The challenges of fertility loss owing to cancer treatment persist long after treatment. However, psychosocial care for fertility among cancer survivors who have completed cancer treatment is insufficient. This systematic review examined psychosocial experiences related to the potential loss of fertility and unsuccessful pregnancy after treatment in cancer survivors of reproductive age to identify psychosocial care needs. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using the online databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Ichushi-Web between August and December 2022 to identify studies that addressed psychosocial experiences after fertility loss or failure to conceive among young cancer survivors...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of severe postpartum haemorrhage among nulliparous women with a spontaneous onset of labour at term from 2000 to 2020. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: National, using the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. POPULATION: Women (n = 330 244) who gave birth to their first singleton child in a cephalic presentation after a spontaneous onset of labour at term...