dengue thrombocytopenia

In 2023, Nepal faced its second largest dengue outbreak ever, following a record-breaking number of dengue cases in 2022, characterized by the expansion of infections into areas of higher altitudes. However, the characteristics of the 2023 circulating dengue virus (DENV) and the vector density remain poorly understood. Therefore, we performed DENV serotyping, clinical and laboratory assessment, and entomological analysis of the 2023 outbreak in central Nepal. A total of 396 fever cases in Dhading hospital suspected of being DENV positive were enrolled, and blood samples were collected and tested by different techniques including PCR...

Background : Linezolid is used for Gram-positive bacterial infections. Thrombocytopenia is one of its main adverse effects resulting from myelosuppression. Several studies have assessed risk factors that may increase the risk of this adverse effect. However, most studies included patients with hemato-oncologic diseases, which may confound such assessments. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for linezolid-associated thrombocytopenia in patients without hemato-oncologic diseases. Methods : This was a multicenter retrospective case-control study of adult patients treated with linezolid twice daily for ≥3 days...

Introduction Dengue is a tropical viral disease caused by dengue virus with varied severity ranging from dengue fever to dengue shock syndrome. In dengue infection, there is thrombocytopenia with platelet activation. According to various proposed theories, activation of platelets during thrombocytopenia leads to changes in platelet parameters like mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), and platelet index (PI). So, this study was conducted to correlate platelet parameters with the severity of thrombocytopenia in children with dengue fever at a tertiary care hospital...

A complex interaction among virulence factors, host-genes and host immune system is considered to be responsible for dengue virus (DENV) infection and disease progression. Generation of auto-antibodies during DENV infection is a major phenomenon that plays a role in the pathophysiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Hemostasis, thrombocytopenia, hepatic endothelial dysfunction, and autoimmune blistering skin disease (pemphigus) are different clinical manifestations of dengue pathogenesis; produced due to the molecular mimicry of DENV proteins with self-antigens like coagulation factors, platelets and endothelial cell proteins...

For the past two decades, Bangladesh has faced recurrent dengue outbreaks, with the most recent occurring in 2023. We investigated the socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory aspects of patients diagnosed with dengue during this outbreak. This observational study was conducted from July to September 2023 at Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Chittagong Medical College Hospital, and included 450 confirmed cases of dengue. Sociodemographic information was collected via face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory testing, which was done within 24 hours of admission...

Dengue is an infection with a wider spectrum of disease manifestations, ranging from simple dengue fever to expanded dengue syndrome. Expanded dengue syndrome encompasses multiorgan involvement, including neurological manifestations such as dengue encephalitis, seizures, encephalopathy, coma, hemiparesis, etc. Herein, we present a case of a 50-year-old female with a background history of well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension for five years on oral medication. The patient presented with a one-day history of altered levels of consciousness, agitation, and aggressive behavior...

BACKGROUND: The dengue virus is present throughout the tropics. Thrombocytopenia is one of the severe manifestations of the dengue virus. We studied the association of thrombocytopenia with serum transaminase level, leucopenia, and nonstructural protein one antigen (Ns1Ag) level. METHODS: Data were taken retrospectively from hospital records after obtaining ethical committee approval. In the study, we included 102 patients with acute febrile illness with clinical features suggestive of dengue fever (dengue Ns1Ag positive, dengue IgM positive, or both)...

PURPOSE: Since some patients with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) have pronounced myalgias, and since myositis is reported in Flavivirus diseases such as dengue, we performed systematic search for abnormalities of muscle enzymes in a group of patients in whom the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) RNA in the first phase of the disease was demonstrated and who developed second phase of TBE. METHODS: Total leukocyte and platelet blood counts were determined routinely at the initial examination during the first and the second phase of TBE...

Dengue human infection models present an opportunity to explore the potential of a vaccine, anti-viral or immuno-compound for clinical benefit in a controlled setting. Here we report the outcome of a phase 1 open-label assessment of a low-dose dengue virus 3 (DENV-3) challenge model (NCT04298138), in which nine participants received a subcutaneous inoculation with 0.5 ml of a 1.4 × 103 plaque-forming unit per ml suspension of the attenuated DENV-3 strain CH53489. The primary and secondary endpoints of the study were to assess the safety of this DENV-3 strain in healthy flavivirus-seronegative individuals...

BACKGROUND: Dengue is the most common arboviral infection that spreads by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, and is quickly gaining prominence as a major mosquito-borne viral disease. One of the major public health issues is dengue fever (DF), which can also cause dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Therefore, this study focused on comparison of dengue antigen non-structural protein (NS1) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatography test (ICT) for detection of dengue...

BACKGROUND: Acute hepatitis due to various tropical infections can mimic the clinical picture of acute viral hepatitis(AVH), leading to increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify clinical and laboratory parameters that could help to distinguish acute hepatitis due to tropical infections from AVH. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed our database of 150 children (107 boys) with AVH and 50 children(34 boys)with acute hepatitis due to tropical infections between January 2013 and March 2023...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in improving platelet count in patients with dengue fever. METHODS: The retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan, between January 2021 and October 2022, and comprised dengue fever inpatients regardless of age and gender who received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor subcutaneously. The impact of colony-stimulating factor on platelet and white blood cell counts as well as any unfavourable consequences was assessed...

Dengue, a prevalent arboviral disease, has witnessed a resurgence in India, with outbreaks frequently reported. However, dengue-associated oral (oro-pharyngeal) candidiasis (DAOC) was never reported. We present two severe dengue cases with oral/oro-pharyngeal pseudomembranous candidiasis. Case 1 of a young man without any comorbidities or abuse or immunosuppression presented with fever, headache, altered sensorium, throat pain on recovery, and laboratory reports confirmed dengue with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and severe hepatic involvement with oro-pharyngeal candidiasis...

Dengue and leptospirosis are frequently discussed separately, with dengue causing rash and leptospirosis causing jaundice. Currently, there are more and more reports of coinfections. The comparable clinical symptoms of both infections make it challenging to distinguish between leptospirosis and dengue. Differentiating between leptospirosis and dengue is crucial since leptospirosis has a more favorable prognosis with early antibiotic therapy, whereas dengue does not have a specific treatment, although early detection is essential for close monitoring and cautious fluid management...

BACKGROUND: Fever is a common symptom among travellers returning from tropical/subtropical areas to Europe, and promptly distinguishing severe illnesses from self-limiting febrile syndromes is important but can be challenging due to non-specific clinical presentation. METHODS: A cross-sectional study enrolled adults and children who sought care during 2015-2020 at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden with fever within 2 months after returning from travel to a tropical/subtropical area...

OBJECTIVE: This study focused on examining the clinical manifestations, disease severity, and outcomes among cases of dengue fever (DF) confirmed through serological testing. The study specifically targeted individuals admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: This prospective observational study at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, tracked 1,003 patients from admission to discharge or death between August 2022 and November 2023...

BACKGROUND: Montelukast has shown potential as a candidate treatment for dengue. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of montelukast in preventing dengue with warning signs. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled adult participants with NS1 antigenemia in Thailand. The participants were randomly assigned to receive either oral montelukast (10 mg) or a placebo for 10 days or until all symptoms resolved...

Dengue fever is considered the most prolific vector-borne disease in the world, with its transmission rate increasing more than eight times in the last two decades. While most cases present mild to moderate symptoms, 5% of patients can develop severe disease. Although the mechanisms are yet not fully comprehended, immune-mediated activation leading to excessive cytokine expression is suggested as a cause of the two main findings in critical patients: increased vascular permeability that may shock and thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathy that can induce hemorrhage...

Dengue fever (DF) primarily presents with fever, headache, malaise, bleeding manifestations and haemoconcentration. World Health Organization (WHO) classifies DF according to levels of severity: (a) without warning signs; (b) with warning signs, such as abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, lethargy, liver enlargement, increasing haematocrit and thrombocytopenia; and (c) severe dengue with severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding or organ failure. Atypical clinical presentations of DF are defined as expanded dengue syndrome: this includes renal, cardiac, hepatic or cerebral damage...

Thrombocytopenia is the hallmark finding in dengue virus (DENV) infection. Prothymosin α (ProT) has both intracellular and extracellular functions involved in cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, gene regulation, oxidative stress response, and immunomodulation. In this study, we found that ProT levels were elevated in dengue patient sera as well as DENV-infected megakaryoblasts and their culture supernatants. ProT transgenic mice had reduced platelet counts with prolonged bleeding times. Upon treatment with DENV plus anti-CD41 antibody, they exhibited severe skin hemorrhage...