endoscope and eustachian tube function

OBJECTIVE: To study the types and the influences of eustachian tube function disorder in the patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) after radiotherapy. METHOD: Thirty-two patients of NPC (50 ears) that the eustachian tube function were damaged after radiotherapy were examined by general examination, audiometer test, tympanometry, Tubo-tymanoaerodynamic grapy (TTAG), sonotubometry and endoscope. RESULT: Two cases (4 ears) showed abnormal patency of eustachian tube, the patients' symptoms were lightly...

OBJECTIVE: To further explore the pathogenesis of the secretory otitis media and provide basis for its clinical treatment. METHOD: A model of otitis media with effusion was established by coagulating the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube under an endoscope with microwave. Orifice and its cartilage-mucosa of the eustachian tube and the mucosa in the middle ear were observed and compared, dark-granulated cells near the middle ear and surfactant-like lamellar bodies were observed...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Surgical correction of eustachian tube dysfunction remains an elusive challenge. Repeat ventilation tube placement is often inadequate to prevent tympanic membrane and middle ear complications. Endoscopic analyses of eustachian tube dynamics have localized the site of primary pathophysiology to within the cartilaginous tube. The study investigated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a new endoluminal eustachian tube operation for the treatment of eustachian tube dysfunction...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of endoscopic nasal surgery on the function of eustachian tube. METHOD: The tympanometric pressure, static compliance and gradient of tympanogram were measured for sinuses and turbinate group (10 cases) and nasal septum group (10 cases) at 1, 3, 5 and 10 days after operation by using audiometer acoustic impedance. RESULT: The peak pressure of tympanogram of two groups were droped obviously 1-3 days after operation...

Central to many pathologic conditions affecting the middle ear is the failure of the ET to perform its functions of regulation of middle ear pressure, clearance of middle ear secretions, and protection of the middle ear space. Recent advances in radiologic imaging and fiberoptic endoscopes have allowed a more detailed description of the structure and function of this area. Hopefully, with the knowledge gained from advances in this area, more effective medical treatment options for common otologic problems, such as otitis media, will become available...

OBJECTIVE: Human eustachian tubes with known pathologic conditions of the ear were inspected endoscopically, and video recordings were made for slow-motion analysis of the pathophysiologic changes. SETTING: Ambulatory office in a tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS: Forty-four adults with 64 ears having pathologic conditions. INTERVENTIONS: Transnasal endoscopic examination of the nasopharyngeal opening of the eustachian tube during rest, swallowing, and yawning to study the dilatory movements of the eustachian tube...

OBJECTIVE: Human eustachian tubes (ET) were inspected in vivo endoscopically, and video recordings were made for careful slow-motion analysis of normal physiologic function. SETTING: Ambulatory office in a tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS: Thirty-four adults, 17 with no history of ET dysfunction (2 of whom had tympanic membrane perforations), 17 with known ET dysfunction. INTERVENTIONS: Transnasal endoscopic examination of the nasopharyngeal opening of the eustachian tube during rest, swallowing, and yawning...

This preliminary study investigated Myrhaug's neuromuscular hypothesis by means of audiological and electromyographic assessment. After a clinical examination of the TMJ system, the activity of the tensor veli palatini muscles in the state of rest and during swallowing was investigated in 16 patients with the help of an EMG recording, and the tube-opening function was evaluated endoscopically. Results showed that 6.25% of the patients suffered from mild joint-dysfunction (group I), 81.25% from a moderate dysfunction (group II), and 12...

Since return of normal ventilation of the middle ear is a prerequisite for maintenance of an effusion-free ear state after tube fallout, it was our policy to study the tubal function in patients with chronic otitis media with effusion that had been treated with ventilation tubes (VT), and to correlate the manometric with the endoscopic findings. Normal manometric and endoscopic results indicated good tubal function, with an effusion recurrence rate of 11.1%. Abnormal manometric and endoscopic results indicated organic tubal obstruction that was, in most cases, correctable...

Since good ventilation of the middle ear is a prerequisite to successful myringoplasty, it was our policy to study the tubal function in dry central perforation of the drum and to correlate the manometric with the endoscopic findings. Normal manometric results with patency of the tube (as proved by fluorescein-endoscopy) indicated good tubal function, with good prognosis for myringoplasty. Abnormal manometric results with failure of fluorescein to pass into the nasopharynx indicated mechanical tubal obstruction that was, in most cases, correctable...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between mucociliary and muscular clearance in the eustachian tube. Displacement of various viscosities and volumes of a colored fluid through the tube was observed endoscopically in cats. To test ciliary clearance, the fluid was placed in either the tympanum or the mastoid bulla. The interval between the instillation and beginning of discharge of the fluid from the pharyngeal orifice of tube was measured. Clearance time was prolonged with fluids having high viscosities, and the clearance time from the tympanum was shorter than that from the mastoid bulla...

Diseases of the paranasal sinuses--especially of the anterior ethmoid sinus--may affect tubal function. Acute and chronic sinus inflammations cause alterations in the normal pathways for secretions out of the sinus system. The normal secretion pathways usually bypass the orifice of the eustachian tube in the nasopharynx. Excessive or infected mucus can then be transported directly over the tubal orifice to cause its obstruction and promote ascending infections into the middle ear. We have found that nasal endoscopy proves to be very helpful in detecting even "hidden" pathologies due to sinus disease in key areas in the middle meatus, and furthermore allows a direct visualization of the tubal orifice...

Insights into the importance of the infundibulum of the anterior ethmoid bone in the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic paranasal sinusitis, based above all on the studies of Messerklinger, have resulted in a fundamental change in our concept of therapy: the main objective of any treatment must be the restoration of ventilation and drainage of the paranasal sinuses in the region of the semilunar hiatus. Its function in the healing of paranasal sinus diseases parallels the significance of the Eustachian tube for the healing of inflammatory lesions of the middle ear...

The necessity for direct observation of the pharyngeal outlet of the normal or pathological eustachian tube has always stimulated research for suitable diagnostic instruments. As the result of various investigation procedures currently available, we performed a series of endoscopic screenings using both the Hopkins telescope and the fiberoptic rhinopharyngolaryngoscope. The present study aimed at evaluating and demonstrating the morphological and dynamic functional condition of the pharyngeal outlet of the tube...

Chronic and recurrent sinusitis, and thus impaired tubular function, are usually caused by isolated lesions of the ethmoid cells. Purulent nasal secretions are transported over the openings of the tubes into the epipharynx. Inflammation and swelling of the mucosa of the tube openings causes stenosis or blockage. Inflammatory foci, usually hidden in the anterior ethmoid cell system, are not always apparent in a plain film of the paranasal sinuses. They appear only in a computed-tomography scan or in a conventional tomogram...

Thirty previously unoperated patients with submucous cleft palate, occult submucous cleft palate, and unilateral congenital paralysis of the levator veli palatini muscle were examined. All patients were subjected to a comprehensive otoscopic, endoscopic, audiologic, and tympanometric evaluation. A correlation was made between levator veli palatini muscle anomalies, eustachian tube orifice anomalies, and middle ear ventilation and disorders. Normal middle ear ventilation was found in 23 patients. Negative middle ear pressure that consequently normalized following treatment of coexisting sinusitis was found in 3 patients...

Since good ventilation of the middle ear is a pre-requisite for successful myringoplasty, it was our policy to investigate the tubal function in dry central perforation of the eardrum and to correlate the manometric and endoscopic findings. Nasal endoscopy proved to be indispensable in diagnosing mechanical tubal obstruction and in localizing and even treating 'hidden' lesions in key areas, with probable normalization of the tubal function. The correction of the mechanical tubal obstruction must precede ear surgery...

The role of the rigid endoscope has been evaluated in the management of 36 cases with dry central perforation of the tympanic membrane. The graft take rate was 91.7 per cent and the air-bone gap was closed to less than 10 dB in 83.3 per cent. The use of the rigid endoscope in the management of dry central perforation of the drum represented a significant advance in middle ear surgery. It is used, in correlation with manometry, to evaluate the tubal function before ear surgery and to treat hidden causes of tubal obstruction...

Our findings (190 patients of whom 45 underwent follow-up examination) permit the conclusion that the velopharyngoplasty according to the principle of Sanvenero-Roselli, as modified by Heiner, does not lead to an increase in tympanic findings (preoperatively, 73%; postoperatively, 71%). The evaluation of the results from tube function testing by means of the pressure difference method reveals an improvement in tuber aeration (preoperatively, 76% of pathological results of the hearing test; postoperatively, 55...