keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533184/flexible-bayesian-inference-on-partially-observed-epidemics
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxwell H Wang, Jukka-Pekka Onnela
Individual-based models of contagious processes are useful for predicting epidemic trajectories and informing intervention strategies. In such models, the incorporation of contact network information can capture the non-randomness and heterogeneity of realistic contact dynamics. In this article, we consider Bayesian inference on the spreading parameters of an SIR contagion on a known, static network, where information regarding individual disease status is known only from a series of tests (positive or negative disease status)...
April 2024: Journal of Complex Networks
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529009/investigations-on-the-polymorphism-of-k-4-casi-6-o-15-at-elevated-temperatures
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hang Liu, Volker Kahlenberg, Hannes Krüger, Edgar Dachs, Artur Benisek
In the present study, single crystals and polycrystalline material of K4 CaSi6 O15 were prepared from solid-state reactions between stoichiometric mixtures of the corresponding oxides/carbonates. Heat capacity ( C p ) measurements above room temperature using a differential scanning calorimeter indicated that two thermal effects occurred at approximately T 1  = 462 K and T 2  = 667 K, indicating the presence of structural phase transitions. The standard third-law entropy of K4 CaSi6 O15 was determined from low-temperature C p 's measured by relaxation calorimetry using a Physical Properties Measurement System and amounts to S °(298K) = 524...
November 2023: Journal of the American Ceramic Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512732/mveb-self-supervised-learning-with-multi-view-entropy-bottleneck
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liangjian Wen, Xiasi Wang, Jianzhuang Liu, Zenglin Xu
Self-supervised learning aims to learn representation that can be effectively generalized to downstream tasks. Many self-supervised approaches regard two views of an image as both the input and the self-supervised signals, assuming that either view contains the same task-relevant information and the shared information is (approximately) sufficient for predicting downstream tasks. Recent studies show that discarding superfluous information not shared between the views can improve generalization. Hence, the ideal representation is sufficient for downstream tasks and contains minimal superfluous information, termed minimal sufficient representation...
March 21, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509372/benchmarking-highly-entangled-states-on-a-60-atom-analogue-quantum-simulator
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam L Shaw, Zhuo Chen, Joonhee Choi, Daniel K Mark, Pascal Scholl, Ran Finkelstein, Andreas Elben, Soonwon Choi, Manuel Endres
Quantum systems have entered a competitive regime in which classical computers must make approximations to represent highly entangled quantum states1,2 . However, in this beyond-classically-exact regime, fidelity comparisons between quantum and classical systems have so far been limited to digital quantum devices2-5 , and it remains unsolved how to estimate the actual entanglement content of experiments6 . Here, we perform fidelity benchmarking and mixed-state entanglement estimation with a 60-atom analogue Rydberg quantum simulator, reaching a high-entanglement entropy regime in which exact classical simulation becomes impractical...
March 20, 2024: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508125/highly-sensitive-mirna-21-detection-with-enzyme-free-cascade-amplification-biosensor
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiuyan Huang, Kun Wang, Yuan Wang
In this study, we present an enzyme-free fluorescence biosensor for the highly sensitive detection of miRNA-21, a crucial biomarker in clinical diagnosis. Our innovative approach combines catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and entropy-driven amplification into a cascade amplification strategy. MicroRNA initiates the catalytic hairpin assembly reaction, liberating the trigger region needed for the entropy-driven amplification reaction. This triggers a series of strand displacement reactions, resulting in the separation of the fluorescence resonance energy transfer pair and an amplified fluorescence signal from FAM...
March 15, 2024: Talanta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499922/hydrogeochemical-evolution-processes-groundwater-quality-and-non-carcinogenic-risk-assessment-of-nitrate-enriched-groundwater-to-human-health-in-different-seasons-in-the-hawler-erbil-and-bnaslawa-urbans-iraq
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jawhar Mohammed-Shukur Tawfeeq, Erkan Dişli, Masoud Hussein Hamed
The main objectives of this research are to assess groundwater, a primary source of drinking water in the urban areas of Hawler (Erbil) and Bnaslawa in northern Iraq, and the non-carcinogenic human health risks of nitrate contamination associated with drinking water quality. For this purpose, twenty-seven groundwater samples were collected from wells to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality for both natural and anthropogenic purposes during the wet (May 2020) and dry (September 2020) seasons...
March 18, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496923/enhanced-retention-of-cd-ii-by-exfoliated-bentonite-and-its-methoxy-form-steric-and-energetic-studies
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mostafa R Abukhadra, Nourhan Nasser, Ahmed M El-Sherbeeny, Wail Al Zoubi
Synergistic studies were conducted to evaluate the retention potentiality of exfoliating bentonite (EXBEN) as well as its methanol hybridization derivative (Mth/EXBEN) toward Cd(II) ions to be able to verify the effects of the transformation processes. The adsorption characteristics were established by considering the steric and energetic aspects of the implemented advanced equilibrium simulation, specifically the monolayer model with a single energy level. Throughout the full saturation states, the adsorption characteristics of Cd(II) increased substantially to 363...
March 12, 2024: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495186/numerical-entropy-analysis-of-mhd-electro-osmotic-flow-of-peristaltic-movement-in-a-nanofluid
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Gnaneswara Reddy, K Venugopal Reddy, Basma Souayeh, H Fayaz
The present study investigates the MHD electro-osmotic flow of entropy generation analysis for peristaltic movement in a nanofluid with temperature-dependent viscosity. Long wavelengths, i.e., The magnitude of a wave's energy corresponds directly to its frequency while being inversely related to its wavelength in terms of velocity, temperature, and concentration, govern and confine the flow stream in the laminar region. Ohmic heating and hall effects are also included. Graphs are used to obtain and examine numerical solutions for axial velocity, temperature, concentration, Bejan number, and entropy generation...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491576/effectiveness-of-the-recursive-lattice-technique-in-the-investigation-of-magnetic-systems-with-the-pyrochlore-structure
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Jurčišinová, M Jurčišin
A well-defined higher recursive approximation of the pyrochlore lattice is introduced and its relevance and effectiveness for the systematic investigation of magnetic systems with the pyrochlore structure is studied within the classical antiferromagnetic as well as ferromagnetic spin-1/2 Ising model in the presence of the external magnetic field. The exact solution of the model is found with the explicit analytic expression for the free energy per site of the lattice. The magnetization and entropy properties of all ground states of the antiferromagnetic model are determined and compared to those obtained within the lower recursive approximation of the model on the recursive tetrahedral lattice...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489830/manipulating-stacking-fault-energy-to-achieve-crack-inhibition-and-superior-strength-ductility-synergy-in-an-additively-manufactured-high-entropy-alloy
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengda Niu, Ruidi Li, Kefu Gan, Zhiqi Fan, Tiechui Yuan, Changjun Han
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a revolutionary technology that heralds a new era in metal processing, yet the quality of AM-produced parts is inevitably compromised by cracking induced by severe residual stress. In this study, we present a novel approach to inhibit cracks and enhance the mechanical performances of AM-produced alloys by manipulating stacking fault energy (SFE). A high-entropy alloy (HEA) based on an equimolar FeCoCrNi composition was selected as the prototype material due to the presence of micro-cracks during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AM process...
March 15, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484917/stochastic-brain-dynamics-exhibits-differential-regional-distribution-and-maturation-related-changes
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Scarciglia, Vincenzo Catrambone, Martina Bianco, Claudio Bonanno, Nicola Toschi, Gaetano Valenza
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful non-invasive method for studying brain function by analyzing blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals. These signals arise from intricate interplays of deterministic and stochastic biological elements. Quantifying the stochastic part is challenging due to its reliance on assumptions about the deterministic segment. We present a methodological framework to estimate intrinsic stochastic brain dynamics in fMRI data without assuming deterministic dynamics...
March 12, 2024: NeuroImage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481102/calculation-of-protein-ligand-binding-entropies-using-a-rule-based-molecular-fingerprint
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Risheh, Alles Rebel, Paul S Nerenberg, Negin Forouzesh
The use of fast in silico prediction methods for protein-ligand binding free energies holds significant promise for the initial phases of drug development. Numerous traditional physics-based models (e.g., implicit solvent models), however, tend to either neglect or heavily approximate entropic contributions to binding due to their computational complexity. Consequently, such methods often yield imprecise assessments of binding strength. Machine learning (ML) models provide accurate predictions and can often outperform physics-based models...
March 12, 2024: Biophysical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479654/the-pseudoentropy-of-allele-frequency-trajectories-the-persistence-of-variation-and-the-effective-population-size
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikolas Vellnow, Toni I Gossmann, David Waxman
To concisely describe how genetic variation, at individual loci or across whole genomes, changes over time, and to follow transitory allelic changes, we introduce a quantity related to entropy, that we term pseudoentropy. This quantity emerges in a diffusion analysis of the mean time a mutation segregates in a population. For a neutral locus with an arbitrary number of alleles, the mean time of segregation is generally proportional to the pseudoentropy of initial allele frequencies. After the initial time point, pseudoentropy generally decreases, but other behaviours are possible, depending on the genetic diversity and selective forces present...
March 11, 2024: Bio Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475539/differential-water-conservation-capacity-in-broadleaved-and-mixed-forest-restoration-in-latosol-soil-eroded-region-hainan-province-china
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suyi Chen, Yanping Huang, Mei Yan, Yujie Han, Kang Wang, Zexian Chen, Dongshuo Ruan, Yan Yu, Zhihua Tu
The water conservation capacity of the litter and soil layers of forest ecosystems improves the function of forest ecosystems in conserving soil and water. Plantation restoration plays a key role in preventing soil erosion. In order to evaluate the water conservation capacity of plantation restoration in Latosol soil-eroded region, we analyzed the litter thickness and mass, water absorption process, water holding recovery process, and soil water holding capacity of five restoration types ( Hevea brasiliensis , Acacia mangium , Eucalyptus robusta , Acacia-Eucalyptus , and Acacia-Hevea ) in the Mahuangling Watershed, Hainan province...
February 29, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475491/prediction-of-historical-current-and-future-configuration-of-tibetan-medicinal-herb-gymnadenia-orchidis-based-on-the-optimized-maxent-in-the-qinghai-tibet-plateau
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming Li, Yi Zhang, Yongsheng Yang, Tongxin Wang, Chu Wu, Xiujuan Zhang
Climate change plays a pivotal role in shaping the shifting patterns of plant distribution, and gaining insights into how medicinal plants in the plateau region adapt to climate change will be instrumental in safeguarding the rich biodiversity of the highlands. Gymnosia orchidis Lindl. ( G. orchidis ) is a valuable Tibetan medicinal resource with significant medicinal, ecological, and economic value. However, the growth of G. orchidis is severely constrained by stringent natural conditions, leading to a drastic decline in its resources...
February 26, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475177/research-on-ocular-artifacts-removal-from-single-channel-electroencephalogram-signals-in-obstructive-sleep-apnea-patients-based-on-support-vector-machine-improved-variational-mode-decomposition-and-second-order-blind-identification
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Xiong, Zhiran Sun, Aikun Wang, Jiancong Zhang, Jing Zhang, Chunwu Wang, Jianfeng He
The electroencephalogram (EEG) has recently emerged as a pivotal tool in brain imaging analysis, playing a crucial role in accurately interpreting brain functions and states. To address the problem that the presence of ocular artifacts in the EEG signals of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severely affects the accuracy of sleep staging recognition, we propose a method that integrates a support vector machine (SVM) with genetic algorithm (GA)-optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD) and second-order blind identification (SOBI) for the removal of ocular artifacts from single-channel EEG signals...
March 2, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446247/strain-induced-modification-in-thermal-properties-of-monolayer-1%C3%A2-t-zrs-2-and-zrs-2-zrse-2-heterojunction
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanshen Zhao, Lu Yang, Huaidong Liu, Shihang Sun, Xingbin Wei
CONTEXT: This paper systematically analyzes the phonon dispersion curves of single-layer ZrS2 , ZrSe2 , and ZrS2 /ZrSe2 heterostructures under different strains. The phonon spectra and thermal parameters of the three structures were obtained based on the density functional perturbation theory method. The upper limits of strain that different monolayers and heterojunctions can withstand were studied. The monolayers ZrSe2 and ZrS2 can withstand up to 8% biaxial tensile strain, and the ZrS2 /ZrSe2 heterojunction can withstand up to 6% biaxial tensile strain...
March 6, 2024: Journal of Molecular Modeling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38434993/non-invasive-evaluation-of-autonomic-responses-in-patients-with-rotator-cuff-tear-related-nocturnal-pain
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yusuke Fukumoto, Yoshihiro Tsuji, Akihiro Kakuda, Ryuji Hori, Shintarou Kudo
[Purpose] We aimed to determine the autonomic response in patients with rotator cuff tear-related nocturnal pain using nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-eight patients with nocturnal pain who were diagnosed with a rotator cuff tear and received steroid injections, and whose nocturnal pain improved, were divided into a control group (14 patients) and a failure group (14 patients). Pulse wave was measured continuously using BACS Advance equipment (TAOS Co.) for a total of 17 min: 5 min before isometric hand grip, 2 min during isometric hand grip, 5 min after isometric hand grip, and 10 min after isometric hand grip...
March 2024: Journal of Physical Therapy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433652/monitoring-autonomic-responses-in-parkinson-s-disease-individuals-non-linear-and-chaotic-global-metrics-of-heart-rate-variability
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heloisa Balotari Valente, Natacha de Lima Gervazoni, Maria Júlia Lopez Laurino, Mileide Cristina Stoco-Oliveira, Felipe Ribeiro, Augusto Cesinando deCarvalho, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, David M Garner
Aim: To examine and compare the autonomic responses, as assessed through the non-linear and chaotic global metrics of heart rate variability in two groups: the Parkinson's Disease Group (PDG) and the Control Group (CG), both at rest and during an active tilt test. Methods : The study encompassed 46 participants (PDG: n = 23; 73.73 ± 7.28 years old; CG: n = 23; 70.17 ± 8.20 years old). Initial data collection involved the acquisition of participant's characteristics...
March 4, 2024: International Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430638/cecr-cross-entropy-contrastive-replay-for-online-class-incremental-continual-learning
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guanglu Sun, Baolun Ji, Lili Liang, Minghui Chen
Aiming at the realization of learning continually from an online data stream, replay-based methods have shown superior potential. The main challenge of replay-based methods is the selection of representative samples which are stored in the buffer and replayed. In this paper, we propose the Cross-entropy Contrastive Replay (CeCR) method in the online class-incremental setting. First, we present the Class-focused Memory Retrieval method that proceeds the class-level sampling without replacement. Second, we put forward the class-mean approximation memory update method that selectively replaces the mistakenly classified training samples with samples of current input batch...
February 3, 2024: Neural Networks: the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
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