Psychiatric symptoms

BACKGROUND: Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) cannot be assessed for their mental health using a suitable and practical measure. The purpose of the study is to investigate the usefulness of several anxiety and depression scales in patients with FD, offering recommendations for clinical identification and therapy. METHODS: From September 2021 to September 2022, patients were sought and selected. The psychological symptoms were assessed using ten depression or anxiety questionnaires...

This investigation explores the efficacy of subcutaneous ketamine for mitigating depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, addressing a crucial need for rapid-onset treatments in severe depression cases. It introduces an innovative approach to administering an NMDA receptor antagonist, significantly advancing psychopharmacological methods for treating suicidal behaviors as distinct entities, even within depressive episodes. The study's objective is to assess the impact of subcutaneous ketamine on diminishing suicidal thoughts and mood symptoms during depressive episodes through a naturalistic, prospective observational design...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The consensus criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the possible in vivo clinical syndrome associated with significant repetitive head impacts, have only been minimally studied to date. This study examined the prevalence of the proposed core clinical features of TES in a sample of healthy adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted through ResearchMatch, a national health volunteer registry. Participants were assessed for symptoms of TES based on the 2021 consensus criteria, including prior repetitive head impacts and core clinical features...

BACKGROUND: Executive function deficits (EFD) in late-life depression (LLD) has been reported to be associated with antidepressant treatment resistance, increased disability, and poor quality of life. However, the underlying neutral mechanisms of EFD in patients with the first episode of LLD remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 27 patients with first-episode, drug-naive LLD and 27 non-depressed controls (NC) were recruited for the present research. Participants underwent the Trail Making Test, the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17) test, and task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans under the neutral Stroop task...

Multiplex immunoassays have been developed to detect multiple proteins simultaneously and are used to search for biomarkers, including those present in major psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to review multiplex immunoassay studies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) and examine future research directions using improved proteomic techniques. According to the results of previous multiplex immunoassay studies, increased CSF IFN-β, IL-8, MCP-2, MMP-2, PAI-1, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 and decreased CSF ACE, APP, fibrinogen, and GDNF were observed in patients with schizophrenia, while CSF HGF and S100B were positively correlated with psychotic symptom and CSF IL-11, IL-29/IFN-λ1 , and TSLP were negatively correlated...

Objective: Psychosis is one of the most vital disorders in children and youths. The definite pathophysiology of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in the growth period has remained ambiguous. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the predictive value of parental psychiatric disorders and the mediator role of comorbid disorders of children and youths. Method : The sample, consisting of 29884 individuals aged between 6 to 18 years old from the Iranian population, were selected by multistage cluster sampling during September 22, 2016 to January 3, 2018...

Myxedema psychosis (MP), a rare psychiatric manifestation of hypothyroidism, presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case report details the presentation, diagnosis, and successful management of a 60-year-old woman with MP, who was initially admitted to the psychiatric department for new-onset psychosis following the cessation of hormone replacement therapy after a subtotal thyroidectomy performed 20 years prior. Despite the rarity of psychosis as an initial presentation of hypothyroidism, this case underscores the critical importance of considering endocrine disorders in the differential diagnosis of unexplained psychotic symptoms...

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the difference in anxiety levels between patients undergoing gastroscopy only and those subjected to both gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Despite known preoperative anxiety impacts, no prior research has compared these specific patient groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 150 patients were divided equally into two groups: Group I, undergoing gastroscopy only, and Group II, undergoing gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Inclusion criteria were patients in the age range 18-70 years and having an ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status classification of I-III...

BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders such as insomnia can lead to a range of health problems. The high risk of side effects and drug abuse of traditional pharmacotherapy calls for a safer non-pharmacotherapy. AIMS: To examine the use and efficacy of weighted blankets in improving sleep and related disorders in different populations and explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and CNKI databases...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the level of mental disorders among families of ISIS captives residing in Sulaymaniyah with the native population in 2023. METHODS: In the present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, a total of 383 ISIS captives by census aged 18-60 years were selected, along with an equal number of matched native individuals from Sulaymaniyah in terms of demographic characteristics. The data collection tool was the SCL-90 questionnaire...

The biological mechanisms that explain how adverse early life events influence adult disease risk are poorly understood. One proposed mechanism is via the induction of accelerated biological aging, for which telomere length is considered a biomarker. We aimed to determine if maternal depression pre- and post-partum was associated with telomere length in children at 4 years of age (n = 4299). Mothers completed structured questionnaires assessing depression during pregnancy (Edinburgh Depression Scale), at 9 months (Edinburgh Depression Scale), and at 54 months postpartum (Patient Health Questionnaire 9)...

Finasteride, a 5α-Reductase inhibitor, is used to treat male pattern baldness and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Several clinical studies show that chronic finasteride treatment induces persistent depression, suicidal thoughts and cognitive impairment and these symptoms are persistent even after its withdrawal. Previous results from our lab showed that repeated administration of finasteride for six days induces depression-like behavior. However, whether short-term finasteride administration induces anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment and alters synaptic plasticity are not known, which formed the basis of this study...

PURPOSE: The current study focused on exploring the impact of maltreatment of child laborers on their psychosocial health condition from the views of their parents. METHODS: A total of 100 parents of child laborers were recruited using snowball sampling. The structured questionnaire comprised two validated scales including ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST-P), and Paediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) were used for the survey. Factor analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis were performed to examine the data using SPSS version 26, and Stata version 16...

BACKGROUND: While accumulating research has tested the hypothesis that screen time causes psychiatric symptoms in children, less attention has been paid to the hypothesis that children with psychiatric symptoms change their patterns of screen time and digital media use. We aimed to test whether children with psychiatric symptoms subsequently change their patterns of screen time and digital media use. METHODS: N = 9,066 children primarily aged 9-10 in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study at baseline and 1-year later...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the reliability and validity of a semi-structured interview assessing the features of the DSM-5 mixed features specifier. Our goal was to develop an instrument that could be used for both diagnostic and severity measurement purposes. METHODS: Four hundred fifty-nine psychiatric patients in a depressive episode were interviewed by a trained diagnostic rater who administered semi-structured interviews including the DSM-5 Mixed Features Specifier Interview (DMSI)...

INTRODUCTION: 18q deletion syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by various neurodevelopmental anomalies and medical issues. Although the occurrence of psychosis has been reported in a small number of cases, details regarding the nature of such symptoms and their response to treatment have not been described. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 31-year-old male with a history of speech delays, autistic features, a tethered spinal cord, bilateral vertical talus, subaortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation, recurrent otitis media, mild hearing loss, and hypospadias, who experienced a first episode of psychosis in his late 20s...

Stigmatised attitudes are known to be associated with negative outcomes in schizophrenia, yet there is little focus on the role of stigma in the recovery process. Attempts to develop interventions to reduce self-stigma in schizophrenia have not been found effective. This paper presents a theoretical integration based on a narrative review of the literature. PsycINFO, Medline and Embase databases were searched up to the 11th December 2023. Studies were included if they were: i) empirical studies using qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods studies investigating mental health stigma; ii) included participants based in the United Kingdom, fluent in English, between the ages of 16 and 70, meeting criteria for a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder is highly prevalent among persons with epilepsy (PWEs). Between 30% and 50% of PWEs suffer from depression. Many factors contribute to this prevalence, including the psychosocial impact of the diagnosis, restrictions on driving and certain types of work, and adverse effects associated with antiseizure medications. Without proper treatment, depressed PWEs have increased risks for suicide, strained relationships, lowered seizure control, and impairment in functioning...

The Psychiatric Consultation Service at Massachusetts General Hospital sees medical and surgical inpatients with comorbid psychiatric symptoms and conditions. During their twice-weekly rounds, Dr Stern and other members of the Consultation Service discuss diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with complex medical or surgical problems who also demonstrate psychiatric symptoms or conditions. These discussions have given rise to rounds reports that will prove useful for clinicians practicing at the interface of medicine and psychiatry...

Significant progress has been achieved in enhancing early outcomes for individuals with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), a rare metabolic disorder that leads to the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine, where leucine is known as the primary neurotoxic metabolite. Newborn screening is helpful in early diagnosis and implementation of dietary treatment, thus reducing neurological deterioration and complications in young children. However, patients face the life-long challenge of maintaining metabolic control through adherence to a strict low-leucine diet to avoid long-term consequences of chronic hyperleucinemia, which include cognitive deficits, mood disorders, and movement disorders...