Nwas

The electrochemical NO reduction reaction (NORR) is a promising approach for both nitrogen cycle regulation and ammonia synthesis. Due to the relatively low concentration of the NO source and poor solubility of NO in solution, mass transfer limitation is a serious but easily overlooked issue. In this work, porous carbon-supported ultrafine Cu clusters grown on Cu nanowire arrays (defined as Cu@Cu/C NWAs) are prepared for low-concentration NORR. A high Faradaic efficiency (93.0%) and yield rate (1180.5 μg h-1 cm-2 ) of ammonia are realized on Cu@Cu/C NWAs at -0...

Growing three-dimensional (3D) metal organic frameworks (MOFs) via heterogeneous epitaxial growth on metal hydroxide arrays are effective for constructing electrochemical sensor. However, the growth of MOFs is difficult to control, resulting in thick and irregular morphologies and even damage the metal hydroxide template. In this work, Cu3 (HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) films with controllable thickness and morphology were successfully prepared on Cu(OH)2 nanowire arrays (NWAs) through layer-by-layer (LBL) growth method...

The configuration of asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) has proven to be an effective approach to increase the energy storage properties due to the expanded working voltage resulting from the well-separated potential windows of the cathode and anode. However, carbonaceous anode materials generally suffer from relatively low capacitance, which restricts the enhancement of the energy storage performance of the full device in a traditional asymmetrical design. Herein, a rational design of all-pseudocapacitive ASCs (APASCs) using pseudocapacitive materials with a novel hierarchical nanostructure on both electrodes was developed to optimize the electrochemical properties for high-performance ASC devices...

With the development of surface structure, nanowire arrays (NWAS) have been widely studied because of their trapping effect. In this paper, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used to simulate the homogeneous and inhomogeneous NWAS. We studied the influence of structural parameters of InGaN NWAS and inhomogeneous arrays on optical response properties. The optical response includes light absorptivity and cutoff wavelength sensitivity. The simulation results show that the inhomogeneous NWAS can increase the effective transmission distance of light on the surface, thus greatly improving the optical absorption capacity of InGaN NWAS...

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide exhibits a variety of intriguing behaviors depending on its orientation layers. Therefore, developing a template-free atomic layer orientation controllable growth approach is of great importance. Here, we demonstrate scalable, template-free, well-ordered vertically-oriented MoS2 nanowire arrays (VO-MoS2 NWAs) embedded in an Ag-MoS2 matrix, directly grown on various substrates (Si, Al, and stainless steel) via one-step sputtering. In the meta -structured film, vertically-standing few-layered MoS2 NWAs of almost micron length (∼720 nm) throughout the entire film bulk...

Ternary transition metal oxides (TMOs) are potentially promising anode materials for lithium storage with high power and energy density. Designing appropriate electrode structures is an effective strategy to sufficiently exhibit the advantages of TMOs for lithium storage. Here, we present the synthetic process and electrochemical properties of carbon-coated mesoporous Ni-Mn-Co-O (NMCO) nanowire arrays (NWAs) grown on Ni foam as an integrated electrode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The electrochemical measurements show that the carbon-coated NMCO integrated electrode exhibits high capacity and cycling properties...

A simple process has been developed to form single-crystalline β-MnO2 nanowire arrays (NWAs) with a large surface area of 125 m2 g-1 on a glass plate working as a highly active three dimensional (3D) photothermal catalyst under the illumination of near infrared light due to the efficient light harvesting and heat confinement near the reaction field in addition to the large surface area.

Pathogenic New World arenaviruses (NWAs) cause haemorrhagic fevers and can have high mortality rates, as shown in outbreaks in South America. Neutralizing antibodies (Abs) are critical for protection from NWAs. Having shown that the MOPEVAC vaccine, based on a hyperattenuated arenavirus, induces neutralizing Abs against Lassa fever, we hypothesized that expression of NWA glycoproteins in this platform might protect against NWAs. Cynomolgus monkeys immunized with MOPEVACMAC , targeting Machupo virus, prevented the lethality of this virus and induced partially NWA cross-reactive neutralizing Abs...

AIM: Providing emergency and urgent care to pregnant patients and newborns in the pre-hospital setting often presents some of the most challenging and complex incidents attended to by ambulance staff. A service evaluation survey was undertaken to explore current levels of maternity and newborn education, preferred methods of training delivery, exposure and perceived support surrounding maternity and newborn care provision among pre-hospital clinicians working within the North West Ambulance Service (NWAS) NHS Trust...

Integrated one-dimensional CuO-nanowire arrays/Cu-foam (CuO-NWAs/Cu-foam) nanostructure, which was fabricated by oxidation and calcination, has been newly utilized as non-enzymatic electrocatalytic electrode for exploring histamine level. Under optimal condition of pH at 13 and potential at 0.55 V (vs Ag/Ag/Cl), the sensitivity of CuO-NWAs/Cu-foam electrode towards non-enzymatic electrochemical histamine determination presented as high as 12.94 mA mM-1 cm-2 , linear range spanned between 0.5 and 1046 μM, a detection limit (S/N = 3) was about 44 nM...

Nanostructured H2 evolution cocatalysts are able to promote charge separation and thus enhance the efficiency of the photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction (HER). However, the nanosized cocatalyst particles are easily detached from the surfaces of semiconductors or severely aggregated in reaction systems, which not only greatly reduces the photocatalytic HER efficiency during long-term use but also greatly increases the difficulty of recovery. Moreover, powdery cocatalysts have poor compatibility with the scale-up photoelectrochemical devices...

Lithium (Li) metal has been considered to be the most promising anode material for next-generation rechargeable batteries. Unfortunately, the hazards induced by dendrite growth and volume fluctuation hinder its commercialized application. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) current collector composed of a vertically aligned Cu2 O nanowire that is tightly coated with a polydopamine protective layer is developed to solve the encountered issues of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). The Cu2 O nanowire arrays (Cu2 O NWAs) provide abundant lithiophilic sites for inducing Li nucleation selectively to form a thin Li layer around the nanowires and direct subsequent Li deposition...

Developing high-performance electrode materials is in high demand for the development of supercapacitors. Herein, defect and interface engineering has been simultaneously realized in NiMoO4 nanowire arrays (NWAs) using a simple sucrose coating followed by an annealing process. The resultant hierarchical oxygen-deficient NiMoO4 @C NWAs (denoted as "NiMoO4- x @C") are grown directly on conductive ferronickel foam substrates. This composite affords direct electrical contact with the substrates and directional electron transport, as well as short ionic diffusion pathways...

Flexible optoelectronic synaptic devices that functionally imitate the neural behavior with tunable optoelectronic characteristics are crucial to the development of advanced bioinspired neural networks. In this work, amorphous oxide-decorated GaN nanowire arrays (GaO x @GaN NWAs) are prepared on flexible graphite paper. A GaO x @GaN NWA-based flexible device has tunable persistent photoconductivity (PPC) and shows a conversible fast/slow decay process (SDP). Photoconductivity can be modulated by single or double light pulses with different illumination powers and biases...

In recent decades, the groundwater contaminated by mineral development and metal smelting has seriously polluted natural grasslands, resulting in heavy metal residues in soils and forages exceeding the standard, especially copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd). After animals intake contaminated forages, heavy metals may accumulate in animal tissues and threaten human health through the food chain. Previous studies found that molybdenum (Mo) fertilizer from ammonium molybdate or potassium molybdate could alleviate the decrease of antioxidant capacity caused by heavy metal poisoning, but the application of nano-Mo fertilizer in sheep is still lacking...

Efficient improvement of the energy density and overall electrochemical performance of fiber-shaped asymmetric supercapacitors (FASCs) for practical applications in portable and wearable electronics requires highly electrochemically active materials and a rational design. Herein, two-step phosphorization (TSP) processes are performed to directly grow 3D well-aligned NiCoP@NiCoP (NCP@NCP TSP) nanoflake arrays (NFAs) on carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs). Profiting from the metallic characteristics and excellent electrochemical performance of NiCoP and the hierarchical design of the core-shell heterostructure, the NCP@NCP TSP NFAs/CNTF hybrid electrode exhibits significantly improved electrochemical performance...

Ultraviolet photodetector has a variety of applications in medical diagnosis, civilian testing and military security. The enhancement of photo response has far been a hot topic regrading to the performance improvement of the devices. In this study, we proposed a self-powered photodetector based on AlxGa1-xN nanowire arrays utilizing axial pn junction integrating with gradient Al component. The merit of the coupling structure is demonstrated by theoretical model and simulations. The photoelectric conversion model is built based on a continuity equation derived by its corresponding boundary conditions...

BACKGROUND: Neighborhood characteristics have been linked to community incidence of COVID-19, but the modifying effect of age has not been examined. OBJECTIVE: We adapted a neighborhood-wide analysis study (NWAS) design to systematically examine associations between neighborhood characteristics and COVID-19 incidence among different age groups. METHODS: The number of daily cumulative cases of COVID-19 by zip code area in Illinois has been made publicly available by the Illinois Department of Public Health...

Electrically activated soft actuators capable of large deformation are powerful and broadly applicable in multiple fields. However, designing soft actuators that can withstand a high strain, provide a large actuation displacement, and exhibit stable reversibility are still the main challenges toward their practical application. Here, for the first time, we report a two-dimensional (2D) conductive metal-organic framework (MOF) based electrochemical actuator, which consists of vertically oriented and hierarchical Ni-CAT NWAs/CNF electrodes through the use of a facile one-step in situ hydrothermal growth method...

The corrosion of refractories in contact with high temperature aluminum-magnesium alloys leads to contamination of the Al-Mg alloy products by solid impurities from degraded refractories. Where both the spinel and corundum phases form in the refractories, cracks are generated and propagated by diffusion of molten Al-Mg, resulting in severe corrosion. In this review paper, the corrosion phenomenon is discussed, and published work is summarized, supplemented by our recent experimental results. Using the Alcan immersion test, materials based on white-fused mullite (WFM) were evaluated for their corrosion resistance and interfacial behavior...