Citral

BACKGROUND: Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a severe threat to the yield and quality of rice. Due to the unscientific abuse of common fungicides causing resistance and environmental issues, the development of new fungicides is necessary. In this study, we used citral as the lead compound, designed and synthesized a series of novel citral amide derivatives, and evaluated their antifungal activity and mode of action against R. solani. RESULT: Bioassay results indicated that antifungal activities of most citral amide derivatives against R...

BACKGROUND: Sarcoptic mange is a serious animal welfare concern in bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus). Fluralaner (Bravecto® ) is a novel acaricide that has recently been utilised for treating mange in wombats. The topical 'spot-on' formulation of fluralaner can limit treatment delivery options in situ, but dilution to a volume for 'pour-on' delivery is one practicable solution. This study investigated the in vitro acaricidal activity of Bravecto, a proposed essential oil-based diluent (Orange Power® ), and two of its active constituents, limonene and citral, against Sarcoptes scabiei...

The development of novel antioxidant compounds with high efficacy and low toxicity is of utmost importance in the medicine and food industries. Moreover, with increasing concerns about the safety of synthetic components, scientists are beginning to search for natural sources of antioxidants, especially essential oils (EOs). The combination of EOs may produce a higher scavenging profile than a single oil due to better chemical diversity in the mixture. Therefore, this exploratory study aims to assess the antioxidant activity of three EOs extracted from Cymbopogon flexuosus, Carum carvi, and Acorus calamus in individual and combined forms using the augmented-simplex design methodology...

Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae), popularly known as "erva cidreira", is one of the most used plants in Brazilian folk medicine. The species has several chemotypes and its volatile constituents have already been characterized, and present different chemical markers with known pharmacological properties, such as analgesic, sedative and antifungal properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anticholinesterase activity (AChE) of the essential oil of three chemotypes of Lippia alba and, by using molecular anchoring, determine the best receptor-ligand interaction energies of the main constituents present in the samples of oil...

About 10 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year. Globally, it is the second leading cause of death after heart disease, and by 2035, the death toll could reach 14.6 million. Several drugs and treatments are available to treat cancer, but survival rates remain low. Many studies in recent years have shown that plant-derived monoterpenes, particularly geraniol and citral, are effective against various cancers, including breast, liver, melanoma, endometrial, colon, prostate, and skin cancers. This trend has opened new possibilities for the development of new therapeutics or adjuvants in the field of cancer therapy...

BACKGROUND: In Thailand, the scaly grain mite, Suidasia pontifica Oudemans, impacts the feed industry by emitting a lemongrass-like odor in contaminated feed, reducing its palatability. This study focused on identifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with this odor in contaminated chicken feeds and ground maize, as well as individual mites using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We explored the relationship between VOC concentration and mite population size in chicken feed cultures, aiming to detect minimal mite presence through regression models...

The most effective methodologies for generating Musa spp. explants involve the utilization of plant tissue culture micropropagation techniques. However, the pervasive challenge of microbial contamination significantly impedes the successful micropropagation of Musa spp. This study examined the antioxidant and antibacterial characteristics of the essential oil (LPO) and extract (LPE) obtained from the peel of Citrus aurantifolia . Additionally, we explored their mechanisms against common microbial contaminants in Musa spp...

This study is focused on investigating the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the essential oil extracted from Psychotria asiatica L., a plant species known for its medicinal properties. Utilising gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the essential oil from P. asiatica was found to contain 53 distinct constituents. Major compounds identified include ( E )-citral (20.6%), 10- epi - γ -eudesmol (15.9%), ( Z )-citral (10.5%), geraniol (7.4%), α -cadinol (6.7%), 7- epi - α -eudesmol (4...

BACKGROUND: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel concept proposed in 2020, which is more practical for identifying patients with fatty liver disease with high risk of disease progression. Fatty liver is a driver for extrahepatic complications, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although the risk of CVD in MAFLD could be predicted by carotid ultrasound test, a very early stage prediction method before the formation of pathological damage is still lacking...

In this study, we obtained triple-layer films based on furcellaran and gelatin, in which the middle layer was enriched with extract of Curcuma longa in citral. This newly developed material underwent a comprehensive characterisation process to identify significant improvements in its functional properties. Both SEM, XRD and FTIR analyzes indicated the formation of interactions not only between the components but also between the film layers. Notably, the incorporation of the natural extract led to a significant reduction in solubility, decreasing it from 74...

Global increase in recurrence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and worrisome rise in antimicrobial resistance pose an urgent call for new/novel antibacterial agents. In light of the circumstance, the present study demonstrates the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of a phytochemical citral, with a particular emphasis to elucidate its mechanistic action against Gardnerella vaginalis -a potential cause of BV. Out of 21 phytochemicals screened initially against G. vaginalis , citral was envisaged to be a phenomenal antibacterial agent showing MIC and MBC at 128 μg/mL...

(1) Background: Species of the genus Cymbopogon and its essential oil are known for their antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the essential oil of Cymbopogon flexuosus (EOCF), and its major component, citral, on glycemic, lipid, antioxidant parameters, and oxidative stress in a type 1 diabetes (DM1) rat model. (2) Methods: Initially, EOCF was analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the antioxidant activity of EOCF and citral was evaluated...

In this current study, the internal structure of nanostructured lipid carriers was modulated by phospholipids (lecithin PC, hydrogenated soybean phospholipid HPC) and solid lipids to achieve stable encapsulation of citral. The presence of high melting point HPC could construct α-crystalline type with more lattice defects and effectively inhibit β-ization. The HPC group could maintain the particle size at 155.9-186.9 nm, the polydispersity index (PDI) at 0.182-0.321, the Zeta potential at -57...

This study investigated the effects of chewing rate and food composition on in vivo aroma release and perception of composite foods. Bread or sponge cake paired with varying sugar content and viscosity strawberry jams, spiked with citral and limonene, were examined. In-nose release was characterized using Proton-Transfer-Reaction-Time-of-Flight-Mass-Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). Simultaneously, Time-Intensity (TI) profiling assessed citrus aroma perception ( n = 8, triplicate) while fast and slow chewing protocols were applied (fast: 1...

Both geraniol and the products of its transformation, thanks to their beneficial properties, find a variety of applications in cosmetics. Due to their antioxidant and moisturizing properties, these compounds can be added to skin care products such as face creams, lotions, oils, and masks. In addition, these compounds show some antibacterial and antifungal properties, making them suitable for application in skin care products to help fight against bacteria or fungi. This study determined the antimicrobial activity of geraniol and the compounds which were formed during its transformation in relation to selected Gram-positive bacteria, and the preliminary assessment was made whether these compounds can act as ingredients of preparations with potential antimicrobial activity in the treatment of various human diseases (for example diseases of the skin, digestive system, or urinary tract)...

Citral has attracted much attention as a safe and effective plant-derived bacteriostatic agent. However, the ability of citral to induce the formation of VBNC state in Vibrio vulnificus has not been evaluated. In the present study, V. vulnificus was shown to be induced to form the VBNC state at 4.5 h and 3 h of citral treatment at 4MIC and 6MIC. Moreover, the citral-induced VBNC state of V. vulnificus maintained some respiratory chain activity and was able to recover well in both APW media, APW media supplemented with 5 % (v/v) Tween 80 and 2 mg/mL sodium pyruvate...

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a foodborne pathogen often found in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods, posing significant threats to human health. In this study, an active film based on cross-linking via Schiff base and electrostatic interaction to inactivate L. monocytogenes on RTE foods was constructed. Zinc-casein hydrolysate chelates (Zn-HCas) was prepared and blended with cationic starch (CSt) to form the substrates of the film. Then, Citral (CI) with excellent antibacterial properties was added to enhance the biological and packaging properties of the film through covalent cross-linking (Schiff base)...

Monoterpenes are secondary plant metabolites, and such volatile compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and enzyme inhibitory properties. These compounds are also able to reduce the potentially pro-neurodegenerative trace metal ions that can be sources of free radicals. One basic method used to evaluate the ability of chemical compounds to reduce Fe(III) is FRAP. To date, most studies based on a FRAP assay were performed within several dozen minutes. However, taking into account the diversity of compounds, it is justified to observe their activity over a much longer period of time...

Monoterpenes are a large class of naturally occurring fragrant molecules. These chemicals are commonly used in olfactory studies to survey neural activity and probe the behavioral limits of odor discrimination. Monoterpenes (typically in the form of essential oils) have been used for centuries for therapeutic purposes and have pivotal roles in various biological and medical applications. Despite their importance for multiple lines of research using rodent models and the role of the olfactory system in detecting these volatile chemicals, the murine sensitivity to monoterpenes remains mostly unexplored...

The vast cultivation of lemongrass ( Cymbopogon flexuosus ) as an essential oil-bearing plant worldwide relies heavily on its compound citral that holds immense industrial potential. Soil fertility practices greatly affect the growth and quality of these plants, with a majority of the agricultural land globally grappling with water scarcity. In this respect, field experiments were conducted at the University of Embu research farm during the November 2021-September 2022 growing period and aimed to investigate the influence of two different factors, namely; (i) two watering regimes (rainfed and irrigated) and (ii) four soil conditioner levels (control (T1), cow manure (T2), cow manure plus NPK fertilizer (T3), and NPK fertilizer alone (T4)) on the growth and essential oil parameters of C...