keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38682449/dissecting-the-mechanisms-of-intestinal-immune-homeostasis-by-analyzing-t-cell-immune-response-in-crohn-s-disease-and-colorectal-cancer
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianming Jiang, Jie Zheng, Nana Li, Xiaodong Li, Jixing He, Junde Zhou, Boshi Sun, Qiang Chi
INTRODUCTION: Crohn's disease (CD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) represent a group of intestinal disorders characterized by intricate pathogenic mechanisms linked to the disruption of intestinal immune homeostasis. Therefore, comprehending the immune response mechanisms in both categories of intestinal disorders is of paramount significance in the prevention and treatment of these debilitating intestinal ailments. METHOD: IIn this study, we conducted single-cell analysis on paired samples obtained from primary colorectal tumors and individuals with Crohn's disease, which was aimed at deciphering the factors influencing the composition of the intestinal immune microenvironment...
February 6, 2024: Current Gene Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38682309/cutibacterium-acnes-derived-extracellular-vesicles-promote-tumor-growth-in-renal-cell-carcinoma
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kentaro Jingushi, Atsunari Kawashima, Sayaka Tanikawa, Takuro Saito, Akinaru Yamamoto, Toshihiro Uemura, Nesrine Sassi, Yu Ishizuya, Yoshiyuki Yamamoto, Taigo Kato, Koji Hatano, Hiroaki Hase, Norio Nonomura, Kazutake Tsujikawa
Bacterial flora are present in various parts of the human body, including the intestine, and are thought to be involved in the etiology of various diseases such as multiple sclerosis, intestinal diseases, cancer, and uterine diseases. In recent years, the presence of bacterial 16S rRNA genes has been revealed in blood, which was previously thought to be a sterile environment, and characteristic blood microbiomes have been detected in various diseases. However, the mechanism and the origin of the bacterial information are unknown...
April 29, 2024: Cancer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38682027/prognostic-significance-of-tumor-budding-desmoplastic-reaction-and-lymphocytic-infiltration-in-patients-with-gastric-adenocarcinoma
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aysen Yavuz, Kubra Simsek, Anil Alpsoy, Busra Altunay, Elif Ocak Gedik, Betul Unal, Cumhur Ibrahim Bassorgun, Ali Murat Tatli, Gulsum Ozlem Elpek
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment significantly influences the behavior of solid tumors. In this context, Accumulated data suggests that pathological evaluation of tumor budding (TB), desmoplastic reaction (DR), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may be crucial in determining tumor behavior in the gastrointestinal tract. Regarding gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), although some results suggest that TB and TILs may be effective in determining the course of the disease, the data do not agree...
April 22, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38681125/-fusobacterium-nucleatum-induced-imbalance-in-microbiome-derived-butyric-acid-levels-promotes-the-occurrence-and-development-of-colorectal-cancer
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi-Long Wu, Xiao-Ting Fang, Xin-Xin Wan, Qing-Yong Ding, Yan-Jun Zhang, Ling Ji, Yong-Liang Lou, Xiang Li
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. Recent reports suggest that Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. nucleatum ) contributes to the initiation, progression, and prognosis of CRC. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid derived from the bacterial fermentation of soluble dietary fiber, is known to inhibit various cancers. This study is designed to explore whether F. nucleatum influences the onset and progression of CRC by impacting the intestinal metabolite butyric acid...
April 14, 2024: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38680913/recombinant-probiotic-lactococcus-lactis-delivering-p62-mitigates-moderate-colitis-in-mice
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juliana Guimarães Laguna, Andria Dos Santos Freitas, Fernanda Alvarenga Lima Barroso, Luís Cláudio Lima De Jesus, Octávio Augusto Greco Gomes De Vasconcelos, Ludmila Silva Quaresma, Monique Ferrary Américo, Gabriela Munis Campos, Rafael de Assis Glória, Joyce da Cruz Ferraz Dutra, Tales Fernando Da Silva, Kátia Duarte Vital, Simone O Fernandes, Ramon O Souza, Flaviano Dos Santos Martins, Enio Ferreira, Túlio Marcos Santos, Alexander Birbrair, Marcos Felipe Andrade De Oliveira, Ana Maria Caetano Faria, Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho, Franco Maria Venanzi, Yves Le Loir, Gwénaël Jan, Éric Guédon, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: p62 is a human multifunctional adaptor protein involved in key cellular processes such as tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer. It acts as a negative regulator of inflammasome complexes. It may thus be considered a good candidate for therapeutic use in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as colitis. Probiotics, including recombinant probiotic strains producing or delivering therapeutic biomolecules to the host mucosal surfaces, could help prevent and mitigate chronic intestinal inflammation...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38680615/hnf4a-bridging-the-gap-between-intestinal-metaplasia-and-gastric-cancer
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yihang Zhao, Hong Tang, Jianhua Xu, Feifei Sun, Yuanyuan Zhao, Yang Li
BACKGROUND: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of gastric epithelium has traditionally been regarded as an irreversible stage in the process of the Correa cascade. Exploring the potential molecular mechanism of IM is significant for effective gastric cancer prevention. METHODS: The GSE78523 dataset, obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, was analyzed using RStudio software to identify the differently expressed genes (DEGs) between IM tissues and normal gastric epithelial tissues...
2024: Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38680297/lysine-polydopamine-nanocrystals-loaded-with-the-codrug-abemaciclib-flurbiprofen-for-oral-treatment-of-cancer
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Sun, Faxing Zhang, Yuyi Xu, Xiaowei Wang, Jiajia Jia, Lihong Sang, Ji Li, Dongkai Wang, Zhiguo Yu
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) combined with chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) are a promising therapeutic strategy. NSAIDs can effectively boost the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by inhibiting the synthesis of COX-2. However, hazardous side effects and barriers to oral drug absorption are the main challenges for combination therapy with chemotherapeutics and NSAIDs. To address these issues, a safe and effective lysine-polydopamine@abemaciclib-flurbiprofen (Flu) codrug nanocrystal (Lys-PDA@AF NCs) was designed...
April 23, 2024: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38679799/fat-and-proteolysis-due-to-methionine-tryptophan-and-niacin-deficiency-leads-to-alterations-in-gut-microbiota-and-immune-modulation-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoaki Hara, Sikun Meng, Daisuke Motooka, Hiromichi Sato, Yasuko Arao, Yoshiko Tsuji, Takeshi Yabumoto, Yuichiro Doki, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Shizuka Uchida, Hideshi Ishii
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the intractable diseases. Nutritional components associated with IBD have been identified, and it is known that excessive methionine intake exacerbates inflammation, and that tryptophan metabolism is involved in inflammation. Analysis of the gut microbiota has also progressed, where Lactobacillus regulate immune cells in the intestine and suppress inflammation. However, whether the methionine and tryptophan metabolic pathways affect the growth of intestinal Lactobacillus is unknown...
April 28, 2024: Cancer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38678281/concomitant-ectopic-enterobius-vermicularis-infection-in-uterine-cervical-cancer
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iztok Takač, Rajko Kavalar, Matija Rudolf Lovrec, Vida Gavrić Lovrec
BACKGROUND: Enterobius vermicularis (E. vermicularis), also referred to as pinworm, is a widespread human intestinal parasite which predominantly occurs in young children, making their caretakers a population at risk for the transmission of this helminth. It can occasionally affect extraintestinal organs and tissues, including the female genital tract. Infestation can be asymptomatic or manifest as different kinds of gynaecological disorders, such as pelvic inflammation mimicking tumours, abnormal uterine bleeding, or vaginitis...
April 27, 2024: BMC Women's Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38678229/altered-mucosal-bacteria-and-metabolomics-in-patients-with-peutz-jeghers-syndrome
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sui Wang, Guan-Jun Kou, Xiao-Han Zhao, Gang Huang, Jue-Xin Wang, Lin Tian, Xiu-Li Zuo, Yan-Qing Li, Jia-Yong Wang, Yan-Bo Yu
BACKGROUND: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the development of pigmented spots, gastrointestinal polyps and increased susceptibility to cancers. Currently, most studies have investigated intestinal microbiota through fecal microbiota, and there are few reports about mucosa-associated microbiota. It remains valuable to search for the key intestinal microbiota or abnormal metabolic pathways linked to PJS. AIM: This study aimed to assess the structure and composition of mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with PJS and to explore the potential influence of intestinal microbiota disorders and metabolite changes on PJS...
April 27, 2024: Gut Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38677826/colorectal-oncologic-emergencies-recognition-management-and-outcomes
#11
REVIEW
Joshua Sullivan, Alec Donohue, Shaun Brown
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent type of malignancy in the United States, and the age at diagnosis is decreasing. Although the goal of screening is focused on prevention and early detection, a subset of patients inevitably presents as oncologic emergencies. Approximately 15% of patients with colorectal cancer will present as surgical emergencies, with the majority being due to either colonic perforation or obstruction. Patients presenting with colorectal emergencies are a challenging cohort, as they often present at an advanced stage with an increase in T stage, lymphovascular invasion, and metachronous liver disease...
June 2024: Surgical Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38677682/ultrasonic-assisted-extraction-of-polysaccharide-from-paeoniae-radix-alba-extraction-optimization-structural-characterization-and-antioxidant-mechanism-in-vitro
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao-Wen Zhang, Yuan-Feng Zou, Yun Zou, Xiao-Ping JiZe, Cen-Yu Li, Yu-Ping Fu, Chao Huang, Li-Xia Li, Zhong-Qiong Yin, Fa-Ming Wu, Frode Rise, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen, Sha-Qiu Zhang, Xing-Hong Zhao, Xu Song, Xun Zhou, Gang Ye, Meng-Liang Tian
Paeoniae Radix alba is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, immunomodulatory, cancer, and other diseases. In the current study, the yield of Paeoniae Radix alba polysaccharide (PRP) was significantly increased with optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction compared to hot water extraction. Further, an acidic polysaccharide (PRP-AP) was isolated from PRP after chromatographic separation and was characterized as a typical pectic polysaccharide with side chains of arabinogalactans types I and II...
April 25, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38677539/inhibition-of-human-udp-glucuronosyltransferase-enzyme-by-entrectinib-implications-for-drug-drug-interactions
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hang Yin, Zhe Wang, Xin Lv, Zhen Wang, Ying Wang, Wenxuan Fan, Shuang Li, Lili Jiang, Jun Cao, Yong Liu
As a new type of oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, entrectinib can act on multiple targets and exert efficacy and has been approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and solid tumors. However, whether entrectinib affects the activities of recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of entrectinib on human UGTs and to assess the potential risk of causing drug-drug interactions (DDIs) based on the inhibition against UGTs...
April 25, 2024: Chemico-biological Interactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38675207/cryo-milled-%C3%AE-glucan-nanoparticles-for-oral-drug-delivery
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guanyu Chen, Yi Liu, Darren Svirskis, Hongyu Li, Man Ying, Weiyue Lu, Jingyuan Wen
Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analog effective against a number of cancers. However, it has an oral bioavailability of less than 10%, due to its high hydrophilicity and low permeability through the intestinal epithelium. Therefore, the aim of this project was to develop a novel nanoparticulate drug delivery system for the oral delivery of gemcitabine to improve its oral bioavailability. In this study, gemcitabine-loaded β-glucan NPs were fabricated using a film-casting method followed by a freezer-milling technique...
April 16, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38675118/the-impact-of-polymers-on-enzalutamide-solid-self-nanoemulsifying-drug-delivery-system-and-improved-bioavailability
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Su-Min Lee, Jeong-Gyun Lee, Tae-Han Yun, Chul-Ho Kim, Jung-Hyun Cho, Kyeong-Soo Kim
Enzalutamide (ENZ), marketed under the brand name Xtandi® as a soft capsule, is an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor drug actively used in clinical settings for treating prostate cancer. However, ENZ's low solubility and bioavailability significantly hinder the achievement of optimal therapeutic outcomes. In previous studies, a liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (L-SNEDDS) containing ENZ was developed among various solubilization technologies. However, powder formulations that included colloidal silica rapidly formed crystal nuclei in aqueous solutions, leading to a significant decrease in dissolution...
March 26, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38674926/mechanism-of-action-of-melatonin-as-a-potential-adjuvant-therapy-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-colorectal-cancer
#16
REVIEW
Abdo Jurjus, Jad El Masri, Maya Ghazi, Lemir Majed El Ayoubi, Lara Soueid, Alice Gerges Geagea, Rosalyn Jurjus
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a continuum of chronic inflammatory diseases, is tightly associated with immune system dysregulation and dysbiosis, leading to inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and multiple extraintestinal manifestations. The pathogenesis of IBD is not completely elucidated. However, it is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), which is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies. In both IBD and CRC, a complex interplay occurs between the immune system and gut microbiota (GM), leading to the alteration in GM composition...
April 21, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38674851/antitumor-effect-and-gut-microbiota-modulation-by-quercetin-luteolin-and-xanthohumol-in-a-rat-model-for-colorectal-cancer-prevention
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Álvaro Pérez-Valero, Patricia Magadán-Corpas, Suhui Ye, Juan Serna-Diestro, Sandra Sordon, Ewa Huszcza, Jarosław Popłoński, Claudio J Villar, Felipe Lombó
Colorectal cancer stands as the third most prevalent form of cancer worldwide, with a notable increase in incidence in Western countries, mainly attributable to unhealthy dietary habits and other factors, such as smoking or reduced physical activity. Greater consumption of vegetables and fruits has been associated with a lower incidence of colorectal cancer, which is attributed to their high content of fiber and bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids. In this study, we have tested the flavonoids quercetin, luteolin, and xanthohumol as potential antitumor agents in an animal model of colorectal cancer induced by azoxymethane and dodecyl sodium sulphate...
April 13, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38674816/consumption-of-feed-supplemented-with-oat-beta-glucan-as-a-chemopreventive-agent-against-colon-cancerogenesis-in-rats
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joanna Harasym, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, Łukasz Kopiasz, Jacek Wilczak, Rafał Sapierzyński, Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for 30% of all cancer cases worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. CRC develops over a long period of time, and in the early stages, pathological changes can be mitigated through nutritional interventions using bioactive plant compounds. Our study aims to determine the effect of highly purified oat beta-glucan on an animal CRC model. The study was performed on forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats with azoxymethane-induced early-stage CRC, which consumed feed containing 1% or 3% low molar mass oat beta-glucan (OBG) for 8 weeks...
April 11, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38674773/effect-of-stool-sampling-on-a-routine-clinical-method-for-the-quantification-of-six-short-chain-fatty-acids-in-stool-using-gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tarek Mahdi, Aurore Desmons, Pranvera Krasniqi, Jean-Marc Lacorte, Nathalie Kapel, Antonin Lamazière, Salma Fourati, Thibaut Eguether
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are primarily produced in the caecum and proximal colon via the bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates that have avoided digestion in the small intestine. Increasing evidence supports the critical role that SCFAs play in health and homeostasis. Microbial SCFAs, namely butyric acid, serve as a principal energy source for colonocytes, and their production is essential for gut integrity. A direct link between SCFAs and some human pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea, and cancer, has been proposed...
April 19, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38674413/-malat1-a-long-non-coding-rna-with-multiple-functions-and-its-role-in-processes-associated-with-fat-deposition
#20
REVIEW
Katarzyna Piórkowska, Karolina Zygmunt, Walter Hunter, Ksenia Wróblewska
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 ( MALAT1 ) belongs to the lncRNA molecules, which are involved in transcriptional and epigenetic regulation and the control of gene expression, including the mechanism of chromatin remodeling. MALAT1 was first discovered during carcinogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma, hence its name. In humans, 66 of its isoforms have been identified, and in pigs, only 2 are predicted, for which information is available in Ensembl databases (Ensembl Release 111). MALAT1 is expressed in numerous tissues, including adipose, adrenal gland, heart, kidney, liver, ovary, pancreas, sigmoid colon, small intestine, spleen, and testis...
April 10, 2024: Genes
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