Sustitution

While 2-alk-ω-enyloxy-sustituted benzaldehydes do not display any photochemical reactivity at the arene core, the respective iminium perchlorates were found to undergo efficient reactions either upon direct irradiation (λ = 366 nm) or under sensitizing conditions (λ = 420 nm, 2.5 mol% thioxanthen-9-one). Three pathways were found: (a) Most commonly, the reaction led to benzoxacyclic products in which the olefin in the tether underwent a formal, yet unprecedented carboformylation (13 examples, 44-99% yield)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Deep second and third degree burns treatment requires fibroblasts, keratinocytes and other skin cells in order to grow new dermis and epidermis. Cells can proliferate, secrete growth factors and extracellular matrix required to repair the damaged tissue. Radiosterilized human amnion and radiosterilized pig skin have been used as natural origin skin dressings for burned patients. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into fibroblasts and keratinocytes and improve wound-healing progress. These cells can stimulate vascular tissue formation, release growth factors, synthetize new extracellular matrix and immunoregulate other cells...

T-type calcium channels are considered potential drug targets to combat cancer. Combining T-type calcium channel blockers with conventional chemotherapy drugs represents a promising strategy towards successful cancer treatment. From this perspective, we report in this study the design and synthesis of a novel series of N3-sustituted dihydropyrimidines (DHPMs) as anticancer adjuvants to cisplatin (Cis) and etoposide (Eto). Full spectral characterization of the new compounds was done using FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and HRMS...

Fluorinated organic compounds represent a growing and important family of commercial chemicals. The introduction of fluorine into active ingredients has become an effective way to develop modern crop protection products. Given the particular properties of fluorine, and high efficiency and selectivity of diamide insecticides, we have designed and synthesized 27 anthranilic diamides analogues containing fluro-sustituted phenylpyrazole. Preliminary bioassay indicated that most target compounds exhibited good biological activity against Mythimna separata and Plutella xylostella...

1-(2-Methoxyethyl)piperidine sustituted Zn phthalocyanine complex (2) is synthesised and quartenised (3). These complexes are loaded into silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) that are futher surface modified with ampicillin and 1.3-propanesultone. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the complexes and their doped conjugates were investigated in dimethylsulfoxide. The cationic complex (3) is used for photodynamic antimicrobial activity. Log reduction values of above 9 are obtained towards the photoiactivation of Staphyloccocus aureus...

A series of ester-linked diamines, with different lengths and substituents, was synthesized to obtain poly(ester imide)s (PEsIs) having improved properties. A substituent-free ester-linked diamine (AB-HQ) was poorly soluble in N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone at room temperature, which forced the need for polyaddition by adding tetracarboxylic dianhydride solid into a hot diamine solution. This procedure enabled the smooth progress of polymerization, however, accompanied by a significant decrease in the molecular weights of poly(amic acid)s (PAAs), particularly when using hydrolytically less stable pyromellitic dianhydride...

Paramylon, a high molecular weight polysaccharide, is a linear and unbranched (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan. Despite its numerous biological benefits, the poor aqueous solubility of crystalline paramylon is a drawback that has hampered some of its applications. In an effort to make this biomaterial amenable to practical uses, cationic and anionic paramylon derivatives were obtained. The degrees of sustitution of both products were determined. The products were characterized by FT-IR spectrocopy, ESI mass spectrometry, 1 H, 13 C and 1 H-13 C NMR and SEM microscopy...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to demonstrate our experience at a volunteer surgical program in Cameroon, which is of special interest given to the inability to adopt international treatment guidelines for thyroid surgery in areas of limited resources due to the lack of preoperative testing and to the difficulty to obtain sustitutive hormonal treatment. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study that includes 16 cases of thyroid surgery in Dschang (Cameroon) during June 2015...

Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is an uncommon disease presenting a tibial nonunion since birth and frequently associated to neurofibromatosis type 1. Surgical management by wide excision of the pseudoarthrosis and sustitution of the defect with vascularized bone in an early stage has proven to be the most effective technique in terms of bone consolidation. We present a clinical case of a 22-month-old patient with CPT treated successfully by reconstruction with a free vascularized fibula graft with an excellent functional result...

In the title compound, C(15)H(10)Cl(2)N(4)O(8), the methyl-acetate and dichloro-anilinic groups are oriented at dihedral angles of 57.73 (8) and 62.44 (4)°, respectively to the dinitro-sustituted benzene ring. S(5) and S(7) rings are formed due to intra-molecular N-H⋯Cl and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, respectively. In the crystal, N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into C(8) chains along the a axis. Further C-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link these chains in pairs, forming a polymeric network...

Since more than 50 years, the gold standard in synthetic vascular prostheses has been represented by polyethylene terephtalate (PET, Dacron) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). These polymers perform well as sustitutes of large-caliber vessels, however, their long-term patencies are disappointing in small-caliber applications (< 6 mm). Thus, patient's own artery or vein remains the material of choice in coronary, crural or microvessel bypass surgery. Synthetic materials fail due to thrombosis and insufficient healing process that consists in highly incomplete endothelial cells coverage and intimal hyperplasia caused by compliance mismatch and hemodynamic imbalance...

Nine species belonging to the genus Lippia - Verbenaceae - are used in Argentine folk medicine. Four of them are known under the trivial name "poleo": L. turbinata Griseb., L. fissicalyx Troncoso, L. integrifolia (Griseb.) Hieron. and L. grisebachiana Mold. Mainly, their leaves are employed as digestive, stomaquique, tonic, nervine, diuretic and emenagoge. The Argentine Pharmacopoeia includes a monography of "poleo", restricted only to L. turbinata and L. fissicalyx . Because of possible sustitutions of the official species with the others, due to their common names, an anatomical comparative research was performed to determine which features could provide a start point to distinguish them...

Substitutional phosphorus doping in single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is investigated by density functional theory and resonance Raman spectroscopy. Electronic structure calculations predict charge localization on the phosphorus atom, generating nondispersive valence and conduction bands close to the Fermi level. Besides confirming sustitutional doping, accurate analysis of electron and phonon renormalization effects in the double-resonance Raman process elucidates the different nature of the phosphorus donor doping (localized) when compared to nitrogen substitutional doping (nonlocalized) in SWNTs...

The trinuclear ferrocenophane [{Fe(eta(5)-C(5)H(4))(3)}(2)Ga(2)] (3) featuring two sp(2)-hybridized gallium atoms in bridging positions between three ferrocene-1,1'-diyl units represents a novel type of ferrocene derivative. Compound 3 is obtained by thermal treatment of 1,1'-bis(dimethylgallyl)ferrocene (1) in nondonor solvents or in diethyl ether as solvent and subsequent thermal decomplexation. The [1.1]ferrocenophane [{Fe(eta(5)-C(5)H(4))(2)}(2){GaMe}(2)] (2) is an intermediate in the formation of 3. The reaction of 3 with an excess of trimethylgallium leads back to 1 and proves the reversibility of the multistep reaction sequence...

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RNAse mimics are small molecules that can cleave RNA in a fashion similar to ribonucleases. These compounds would be very useful as gene specific reagents if their activities could be regulated and targeted. We demonstrate here that polyamides with methionine substituents show enhanced RNA cleavage activity relative to other polyamides. Conjugation of these compounds to aminoglycosides produced RNAse mimics that are capable of inhibiting eukaryotic protein synthesis. As a new class of compounds capable of interacting with nucleic acids, these novel aminoglycoside-polyamides constitute promising scaffolds for the construction of nuclease mimics with biological activity...

OBJECTIVE: To verify and quantify, for a given active principle (omeprazole 20 mg) and for selected primary care physicians and pharmacies, the extent to which the drug prescribed on official national health system prescription forms coincides with the drug dispensed or whether the drug was dispensed following the pharmacist's criteria because the prescription was drafted in terms of the official Spanish denomination (OSD). In either case, the cost of the prescription is expressed in terms of the defined daily dose (DDD)...

We estimate that more than 80% of tobacco-smokers hope that they will stop smoking one day. The major obstacle is the psychologic and pharmacologic dependence generated by the cigarette. Different weaning methods have been tried, but their rate of success remains low. The nicotinic sustitution by transdermic track (patch) will give good results providing it is prescribed within the framework of a medical help to wean away from smoking tobacco.

An important task of the nephrologists during the last century, it has been the search of elements and means that allow us, with the adequate precision, to correlate the functional deterioration of the kidney, and the patient's clinical reality. And the continuous searching of factors and markers that injure them, the prognosis, and early diagnosis, to be able to predict the degree of the organs and patient's survival. Almost parallel survival presage in the natural history of the illness, almost one century ago...