umbilical artery S/D ratio

The evolution of some fetal growth indices and arterial blood flow parameters in the umbilical cord of the embryos and fetuses of primiparous pregnant goats of Murciano-Granadina breed were analyzed by ultrasonography. Weekly ultrasonographic sessions took place from 18- to 125-days post-breeding. Fetal measures were carried out by ultrasound B-mode. This mode was used to take a series of measurements in the embryo/fetus throughout pregnancy: crown-rump length (CRL, from 24-days post-mating -dpm- to 61 dpm), trunk diameter (TD, 24-34 dpm), biparietal diameter (BPD, 28-125 dpm) and eye orbit diameter (EOD, 75-125 dpm)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether characterization of maternal and foetoplacental factors beyond birthweight can enable early identification of children at risk of developing prehypertension/hypertension. METHODS: We recruited 693 mother-offspring dyads from the GUSTO prospective mother-offspring cohort. Prehypertension/hypertension at age 6 years was identified using the simplified paediatric threshold of 110/70 mmHg. We evaluated the associations of pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes, excessive/inadequate gestational weight gain, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy), foetal growth deceleration (decline in foetal abdominal circumference at least 0...

INTRODUCTION: A large fall in insulin requirements (FIR) in women with diabetes is associated with adverse clinical outcomes but previous studies have not examined its relation with serial ultrasound parameters. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether FIR is associated with alteration in umbilical artery Doppler parameters and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in women with preexisting diabetes. METHODS: Serial obstetric Doppler ultrasounds were conducted 2 weekly from 28 weeks gestation in women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes who were being treated with insulin...

In order to investigate the value of the ultrasonic monitoring of maternal and fetal vascular parameters, serum vitamin D, and placental growth factor (PLGF) in predicting fetal growth restriction (FGR), a method of ultrasonic detection of genetic factors causing fetal growth in utero was proposed. 125 pregnant women with FGR diagnosed in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 (the FGR group) and 125 pregnant women with a normal prenatal examination (the control group) were collected retrospectively. The systolic/diastolic blood flow ratio (S/D), pulsatile index (PI), and resistance index (RI) of the fetal umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and maternal uterine artery (UtA) were monitored by ultrasound at 20 to 24 weeks of gestation, and the levels of serum vitamin D and PLGF were detected...

Objective: This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with short stature in children born small for gestational age (SGA) at full-term. Methods: This was a retrospective study. The subjects were full-term SGA infants who were followed up until the age of 2 years. The risk factors for short stature were identified with univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of 456 full-term SGA children enrolled in this study, 28 cases had short stature at 2 years of age...

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of fetal epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in gestational diabetes mellitus in the third trimester of pregnancy and its relationship with clinical parameters and perinatal outcomes. METHODS: A total of 80 participants, including 40 with diagnosed GDM and 40 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. Demographic data were obtained from medical records. Sonographic examinations were performed, such as amniotic fluid value, fetal biometric measurements, and Doppler parameters of the umbilical artery...

Background: Antenatal fetal surveillance is a field of increasing importance in modern obstetrics. It is based on fetal heart rate monitoring using nonstress test and contraction stress test, ultrasound biometry and amniotic fluid assessment, Doppler blood flow studies of fetal and uteroplacental circulation, and an evaluation of biophysical fetal parameters. The combination of these methods leads to improvements in fetal morbidity and mortality. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of umbilical artery (UA) systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, and amniotic fluid index (AFI) in term pregnancies for the prediction of perinatal outcome and their relation with perinatal outcome...

OBJECTIVE: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 5% to 10% of newborns and is a major determinant of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Myocardial performance index (MPI), also known as the Tei index, is a useful, noninvasive, and Doppler-derived myocardial performance tool for fetal cardiac function evaluation. The purpose of the study is to evaluate ultrasonic prediction on FGR and postnatal outcomes using MPI and blood flow spectrum. METHODS: This retrospective study included 240 pregnant women developing FGR and 240 healthy pregnant women...

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia constitutes a major health problem with substantial maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to detect the diagnostic efficacy of fetal Doppler in predicting adverse outcomes in severe late onset preeclampsia (LOP). METHODS: A prospective study was conducted among childbearing women who presented with severe LOP and matched controls. Umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler indices including pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were measured...

Background: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe condition causing preterm delivery, fetal death, and neurodevelopmental disorders. This study presents a data-based controlled amnioreduction (AR) protocol composed of sequential amniodrainage in treatment of TTTS. Methods: A total of 18 procedures were performed in 11 TTTS pregnancies at 17 to 34 weeks of gestation. The amniotic pressure was measured along with sequential removal of the amniotic fluid, 500 mL each step...

Background: Estimation of the fetal birth weight and diagnosis of small for gestational age in the fetuses of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are currently imprecise. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the association between fetal renal artery Doppler indices and neonatal birth weight in women with GDM in late pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This cohort study recruited 246 pregnant women from Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in two GDM and healthy control groups...

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord arterial and venous blood gas values reflect the acid-base balance status of a newborn at birth. Derangement in these values has been linked to poor neonatal outcomes in term and late preterm neonates; however, the utility of these values in preterm neonates of <29 weeks' gestation is unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the associations of umbilical cord arterial and venous blood gas values with neonatal mortality and severe neurologic injury in extremely preterm neonates and to identify the cutoff values associated with 2...

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, the prevalence of which is six times higher in developing countries. The sequelae of IUGR extend into adulthood with higher risk of neurodegenerative diseases for the patients. Umbilical artery (UA) Doppler is an affordable and noninvasive tool for predicting perinatal outcome in IUGR pregnancies. Aims: The objective of this study is to compare the predictive ability of UA Doppler ultrasonography in discriminating normal from growth-restricted pregnancies and to find out if there is any relationship between antenatal Doppler indices and perinatal outcomes...

Objectives The present study aims to measure the role of Doppler waveforms in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and its relationship with the perinatal outcome. Methods We have studied 50 pregnant women with PIH with gestational age (GA) 30-40 weeks for Umbilical Artery (UmA), Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) and Uterine Artery (UtA) Doppler waveforms. Comparison between the various Doppler indices, i.e., Pulsatility Index (PI), Resistive Index (RI) and S/D ratio, with the severity of the disease and the perinatal outcomes were evaluated using appropriate statistical tests considering a threshold value of p-value <0...

PURPOSE:  To assess the longitudinal variation of the ratio of umbilical and cerebral artery pulsatility index (UCR) in late preterm fetal growth restriction (FGR). MATERIALS AND METHODS:  A prospective European multicenter observational study included women with a singleton pregnancy, 32+ 0 -36+ 6 , at risk of FGR (estimated fetal weight [EFW] or abdominal circumference [AC] < 10th percentile, abnormal arterial Doppler or fall in AC from 20-week scan of > 40 percentile points)...

OBJECTIVES: To explore the predictive effect of abnormal glucose metabolism and fetal hemodynamic parameters on adverse pregnancy outcome. METHODS: One hundred and nine pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy from June 2016 to October 2018 were selected and divided into poor prognosis group (34 cases) and good prognosis group (75 cases). The hemodynamic parameters of fetal cerebral artery (MCA), umbilical artery (UA) and uterine artery of pregnancy (UT-A), including peak systolic velocity (s / D), resistance index (RI) and plasticity index (PI), were measured by color Doppler ultrasound...

OBJECTIVES: Umbilical artery (UA) Doppler indices are surrogate measures of placental function, most commonly used to assess fetal wellbeing in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction. Fetuses with trisomy 21 (t21) are reported to have elevated UA Doppler indices, but reference percentiles are currently lacking for this population. We hypothesized that gestational age-specific values of UA Doppler indices in pregnancies complicated by t21 will be elevated compared to established percentiles based on euploid pregnancies...

BACKGROUND: The value of ST analysis of the fetal electrocardiogram during labor to lower asphyxia and cesarean section rates is uncertain. Physiological variation of the electrical heart axis between fetuses may explain false alarms in conventional ST analysis (absolute ST analysis). ST events (alarms) based on relative T/QRS rises (relative ST analysis) correct for this variation and may improve diagnostic accuracy of ST analysis. AIMS: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of absolute and relative ST analysis with regard to fetal acidemia...

OBJECTIVE: Acute hyperglycemia affects the fetoplacental circulation. This study aims to investigate the possible effect of acute hyperglycemia induced by 50 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on fetoplacental circulation in women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2019 and April 2019, a total of 29 women who were between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation with a singleton gestation and were in low-risk group were included in this prospective study...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in detecting abnormal blood flow in the fetal umbilical artery (UA), renal artery (RA), and middle cerebral artery (MCA) in order to reduce the incidence of birth defects. METHODS: The clinical records of 186 pregnant women who received color Doppler ultrasound assessment in UA, RA, and MCA were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 95 normal pregnant women were assigned to the control group, whereas 91 high-risk pregnant women who later gave birth to babies with defects or had poor pregnancy outcomes in late-term were assigned to the study group...