Abraxane

Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most used anti-cancer drugs worldwide. Due to its insolubility in water, the clinically available liquid formulation of PTX contains Cremophor EL that is responsible for severe hypersensitivity. Albumin-based nanoparticles have emerged as a promising carrier for anti-cancer drugs because albumin nanoparticles have high capacity to not only load lipophilic drugs without solubilizer but also accumulate in tumor by both passive and active mechanisms. In this study, we attempted to prepare solvent-free formulation of PTX-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles with high stability, and the in vitro stability in serum were comparatively assessed between our PTX-loaded BSA nanoparticles and clinically used nanoparticulate albumin-bound PTX (Abraxane®)...

BACKGROUND: Most solid tumors are not diagnosed and treated until the advanced stage, in which tumors have shaped mature self-protective power, leading to off-target drugs and nanomedicines. In the present studies, we established a more realistic large tumor model to test the antitumor activity of a multifunctional ginsenoside Rh2-based liposome system (Rh2-lipo) on advanced breast cancer. METHODS: Both cholesterol and PEG were substituted by Rh2 to prepare the Rh2-lipo using ethanol-water system and characterized...

The clinical advancement of protein-based nanomedicine has revolutionized medical professionals' perspectives on cancer therapy. Protein-based nanoparticles have been exploited as attractive vehicles for cancer nanomedicine due to their unique properties derived from naturally biomacromolecules with superior biocompatibility and pharmaceutical features. Furthermore, the successful translation of Abraxane™ (paclitaxel-based albumin nanoparticles) into clinical application opened a new avenue for protein-based cancer nanomedicine...

Insufficient delivery of therapeutic agents into solid tumors by systemic administration remains a major challenge in cancer treatment. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has high binding affinity to albumin and has been shown to enhance the penetration and uptake of albumin-based drug carriers in tumors. Here, we developed a strategy to alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) by upregulating SPARC to enhance the delivery efficiency of albumin-based drug carriers into tumors. We prepared albumin nanoparticles encapsulating an NF-κB controllable CRISPR activation system (SP-NPs)...

INTRODUCTION: Locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (LAPC) has a dismal prognosis, with intratumoral therapies showing limited benefits. We assume that the dense stroma within these tumors hampers drug dispersion. AIM: This study explores the efficacy of multisite intratumoral injections in improving a drug's distribution while minimizing its side effects. METHODS AND RESULTS: In mice with orthotopic LAPC tumors, weekly intratumoral injections of oxaliplatin at four separate sites reduced the tumor growth by 46% compared with saline ( p < 0...

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models are essential for identifying new biomarkers, signaling pathways and novel targets, to better define key factors of therapy response and resistance mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed at establishing pancreas carcinoma (PC) PDX models with thorough molecular characterization, and the identification of signatures defining responsiveness toward drug treatment. In total, 45 PC-PDXs were generated from 120 patient tumor specimens and the identity of PDX and corresponding patient tumors was validated...

Nanoparticle albumin bound™ (nab™) technology is an established delivery platform for development of albumin stabilized nanoparticles as drug delivery systems for poorly water-soluble drugs. By using albumin for particle stabilization, nab™ technology does not require solubilizers or emulsifiers for the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs for intravenous use. Despite the great potential, however, to date only two products based on nab™ technology have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration: Abraxane® (nab™ paclitaxel) and Fyarro® (nab™ rapamycin)...

In clinical chemotherapy, albumin-bound paclitaxel (Abraxane) can improve the tumor targeting property and therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel (PTX) against orthotopic malignancies. However, patients with metastatic cancer have a poor prognosis, probably due to the instability, chemoresistance, and inability of albumin-bound paclitaxel to alter the tumor microenvironment. Here we propose a new biguanide-modified albumin-based nanoplatform that encapsulates paclitaxel for the effective treatment of metastatic cancer...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162601.].

BACKGROUND: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a relatively rare but highly aggressive malignancy. However, there is currently no satisfactory second-line regimen for patients without specific genetic mutations. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel, also known as nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane, Bristol Myers Squibb), has shown activity in patients with BTC. Studies investigating the immunogenic features of BTC suggested that checkpoint inhibition may lead to antitumor immune responses. In recent years, improved survival has been observed in patients treated with chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy across multiple cancer types, including BTC...

BACKGROUND: We describe a case report of a 67-year-old male with PDAC who experienced an exceptional survival outcome during systemic therapy and its implications in precision medicine. We hypothesize that his outcomes are attributable, in part, to a germline BRCA2 deletion and somatic GNAS substitution. METHODS: Retrospective single-patient chart review was performed at the London Regional Cancer Program, as well as a structured literature search spanning all years in PubMed of BRCA and GNAS mutations in pancreatic cancer...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) carries a poor prognosis among all malignancies and poses great challenges to clinical drug accessibility due to the severely fibrotic and hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). Therein, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are extremely abundant in PC, play a key role in forming the complex PC microenvironment. Therefore, a highly efficient TME reprogramming therapeutic paradigm that can specifically inhibit CAF function is urgently needed. Herein, we successfully developed a novel CAF-tailored nanosystem (Dex-GP-DOCA, DPD) loaded with a potent anti-fibrosis flavonoid compound (Quercetin, QUE), which possesses biological responsiveness to fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP-α), prolonged TME remodeling and enhancement of clinical chemotherapeutics...

The efficacy of a single clinical nanodrug for cancer treatment is still unsatisfactory, especially for drug-resistant cancer. Herein, we applied a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) approach via dietary intervention to assist single clinical nanodrug for breast or ovarian cancer treatments instead of using multi-drug therapies which might cause adverse side effects. Specifically, we adopted Doxil or Abraxane to treat human breast tumor-bearing nude mice and Doxil to treat the human ovarian tumor and drug-resistant ovarian tumor-bearing nude mice under FMD conditions, respectively...

AIM: The 5-year survival rate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is approximately 11% and has only improved marginally over the last three decades. For operable PDAC, resection and adjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy is standard of care. There is growing interest in perioperative regimens to improve outcomes. The non-randomized Phase II study "Gemcitabine and Abraxane for resectable Pancreatic cancer" (GAP) demonstrated the feasibility of perioperative gemcitabine/abraxane. Long-term survival in PDAC requires an effective immune response; hence, we undertook this translational study of the GAP trial cohort to identify immune-oncology biomarkers for clinical use...

Complex injectable drug products (CIDPs) have often been developed to modulate the pharmacokinetics along with efficacy for therapeutic agents used for remediation of chronic disorders. The effective development of CIDPs has exhibited complex kinetics associated with multiphasic drug release from the prepared formulations. Consequently, predictability of pharmacokinetic modelling for such CIDPs has been difficult and there is need for advanced complex computational models for the establishment of accurate prediction models for in-vitro-in-vivo correlation (IVIVC)...

OBJECTIVES: The advent of effective chemotherapy regimens has increased the use of neoadjuvant multiagent chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. However, the effect of tumor downstaging with neoadjuvant treatment on survival is unclear. METHODS: Retrospective study included all resected patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine/Abraxane. Downstaging was quantified using (1) difference between presenting AJCC clinical and final pathologic stage and (2) College of American Pathologists (CAP) Tumor Regression Grading Schema...

There was a global shortage of nab-paclitaxel (AbraxaneⓇ ), a major antineoplastic agent, for a long period (from October 2021 to June 2022) because of manufacturing problems. Japan was one of the first affected countries by the depletion, and the medical institutes started to save the use of the drug in August 2021; numerous patients with gastric, breast, and lung cancer who potentially could receive benefits failed to be treated with the antineoplastic agent; thus, they opted for alternative treatments...

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a frequently prescribed chemotherapy drug used to treat a wide variety of solid tumors. Oligo(lactic acid)8 -PTX prodrug (o(LA)8 -PTX) loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-b-PLA) micelles have higher loading, slower release and higher antitumor efficacy in murine tumor models over PTX-loaded PEG-b-PLA micelles. The goal of this work is to study plasma stability of o(LA)8 -PTX-loaded PEG-b-PLA micelles and its pharmacokinetics after IV injection in rats. In rat plasma, o(LA)8 -PTX prodrug is metabolized into o(LA)1 -PTX and PTX...

BACKGROUND: Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is a malignant disease with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), represented by inhibitors of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have emerged as a potential gastric cancer (GC) therapy. CASE PRESENTATION: This case study aimed to reveal the tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with camrelizumab in a patient with AGC based on the characteristics of the clinical pathology, genomics variation, and gut microbiome...

Radiotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic regimens for cancer treatment. Over the past decade, proton therapy (PT) has emerged as an advanced type of radiotherapy (RT) that uses proton beams instead of conventional photon RT. Both PT and carbon-ion beam therapy (CIBT) exhibit excellent therapeutic results because of the physical characteristics of the resulting Bragg peaks, which has been exploited for cancer treatment in medical centers worldwide. Although particle therapies show significant advantages to photon RT by minimizing the radiation damage to normal tissue after the tumors, they still cause damage to normal tissue before the tumor...