elderly diabetes trial

Influenza is associated with a substantial health burden, especially in high-risk subjects such as older adults, frail individuals and those with underlying chronic diseases. In this review, we summarized clinical findings regarding the impact of influenza in vulnerable populations, highlighted the benefits of influenza vaccination in preventing severe illness and complications and reviewed the main evidence on the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of the vaccines that are best suited to older adults among those available in Italy...

Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and accumulating evidence indicates that biological aging has a significant effect on the onset and progression of CVDs. In recent years, therapies targeting senescent cells (senotherapies), particularly senolytics that selectively eliminate senescent cells, have been developed and show promise for treating geriatric syndromes and age-associated diseases, including CVDs. In 2 pilot studies published in 2019 the senolytic combination, dasatinib plus quercetin, improved physical function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and eliminated senescent cells from adipose tissue in patients with diabetic kidney disease...

BACKGROUND: The STEP (Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients) trial demonstrated that intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering has cardiovascular benefits. However, the influence of baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on the effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular outcomes has not been fully elucidated. METHODS: We performed a post hoc analysis of the STEP trial. Participants were randomly allocated to intensive (110 to <130 mm Hg) or standard (130 to <150 mm Hg) treatment groups...

BACKGROUND: A large epidemic, such as that observed with SARS-CoV-2, seriously challenges available hospital capacity, and this would be augmented by infection of healthcare workers (HCW). Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine against tuberculosis, with protective non-specific effects against other respiratory tract infections in vitro and in vivo. Preliminary analyses suggest that regions of the world with existing BCG vaccination programs have lower incidence and mortality from COVID-19...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of telemedicine in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in terms of its influence on physical conditioning, quality of life, and health conditions in adults/elderly people affected by chronic diseases. DESIGN: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The search covered RCTs published from 2011 to 2021 and was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, PEDro, Lilacs, and Cochrane Library databases, on volunteers of both sexes, that were rehabilitated, and/or monitored, and/or evaluated, specifically, via remote care...

This study estimates the association between sarcopenia and blood biochemical parameters, nutritional intake, anthropometric measurements, physical performance, and physical activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were recruited from a primary care clinic in Kaohsiung City. According to the diagnosis criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019, 110 patients with T2DM (aged 50-80 years) were divided into three groups: non-sarcopenia ( n = 38), possible sarcopenia ( n = 31), and sarcopenia ( n = 41)...

BACKGROUND: Aspirin and omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have potential disease-modifying roles in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but randomized evidence of these effects is limited. We present the rationale and baseline characteristics of ASCEND-Eye, a sub-study of the double-blind, 2x2 factorial design, randomized placebo-controlled ASCEND (A Study of Cardiovascular Events iN Diabetes) trial of 100 mg aspirin daily and, separately, 1g omega-3 FAs daily for the primary prevention of serious cardiovascular events, in 15,480 British adults, aged 40 years or older with diabetes...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Sarcopenic Obesity (SO) in the elderly population is a complex and multifactorial condition which refers to the loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function associated with aging, while obesity involves excessive adipose tissue accumulation. The simultaneous occurrence of these two conditions presents a unique set of challenges to public health and clinical management. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the use of epicatechin (EC) in the treatment of SO and its related complications...

Prevalent and incident atrial fibrillation are common in patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation and are associated with impaired postprocedural outcomes, including mortality. We determined predictors of long-term mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation after successful transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The EdoxabaN Versus standard of care and theIr effectS on clinical outcomes in pAtients havinG undergonE Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation-Atrial Fibrillation (ENVISAGE-TAVI AF) trial (NCT02943785) was a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial in patients with prevalent or incident atrial fibrillation after successful transcatheter aortic valve implantation who received edoxaban or vitamin K antagonists...

BACKGROUND: Both hypertension and diabetes are risk factors of dementia. Proper management of blood pressure (BP) and blood glucose is critical in delaying cognitive decline in the elderly. However, little is known regarding the optimal BP target in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) for the management of cognitive decline. METHODS: The Blood Pressure Control Target in Diabetes (BPROAD) study is a nationwide, multicenter, randomized controlled trial that will enroll 12 702 T2DM patients with elevated systolic BP and increased cardiovascular risk from approximately 150 study centers across mainland China to undergo randomly antihypertensive treatment achieving systolic BP <120 mm Hg or systolic BP <140 mm Hg for up to 5 years...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading etiology of blindness in the working population of the USA. Its long-term management relies on effective glycemic control. Seven anti-diabetic classes have been introduced for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the past two decades, with different glucose-lowering and cardiovascular benefits. Yet, their effects specifically on DR have not been studied in detail. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to investigate this topic, focusing on the available clinical data for T2D...

BACKGROUND: A healthy lifestyle (HL) has been inversely related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have identified a metabolite profile associated with HL. The present study aims to identify a metabolite profile of a HL score and assess its association with the incidence of T2D and CVD in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS: In a subset of 1833 participants (age 55-80y) of the PREDIMED study, we estimated adherence to a HL using a composite score based on the 2018 Word Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is growing rapidly, as is the number of older adults globally. However, relatively few studies have been performed evaluating the prevalence and risk factors for MASLD in older adults. As such, we aimed to identify the prevalence of MASLD in older adults, as well as sociodemographic, clinical, functional and biochemical associations. METHODS: The study population included older adults without a history of cardiovascular disease, dementia or independence-limiting functional impairment who had participated in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) randomised trial...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of sodium bicarbonated Ringer's solution (BRS) on lactate metabolism, acid-base balance, and clinical outcomes in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS: A total of 60 elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery were enrolled in this prospective, randomized controlled study. The participants were randomly assigned to the BRS group (n = 30) or sodium lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) group (n = 30) where they received goal-directed fluid therapy with BRS or LRS, respectively...

BACKGROUND: The extension of average life expectancy and the aggravation of population aging have become the inevitable trend of human development. In an aging society, various problems related to medical care for the elderly have become increasingly prominent. However, most of the age-related diseases have the characteristics of multiple diseases at the same time, prone to complications, and atypical clinical manifestations, which bring great difficulties to its treatment. Galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a natural active compound extracted from the root of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae)...

Reactive α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), are potent precursors in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In particular, MGO and MGO-derived AGEs are thought to be involved in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Experimental studies showed that citrus and pomegranate polyphenols can scavenge α-DCs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a citrus and pomegranate complex (CPC) on the α-DCs plasma levels in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial, where thirty-six elderly subjects were enrolled...

Background: Qigong exercise training has been suggested to elicit beneficial effects on physical functioning, reduction of oxidative stress, and improved antioxidant capacity in women. However, regular exercise training may support the development of antioxidant defense mechanisms and beneficially modulate oxidant/antioxidant responses. Objective: To evaluate the effects of an 8-week qigong exercise training on exercise performance and oxidative stress responses in sedentary middle-aged and elderly women suffering from type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM)...

Objective: This study aims to investigate the predictive factors and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine Shengji Ointment in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in the elderly population, with the intent of formulating an effective predictive model for deep diabetic foot ulcer healing. The importance of this research lies in its provision of new perspectives and tools for addressing the severe health impact of diabetic foot ulcers in the elderly population, considering the complexity and diversity of its treatment methods...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sedentary behavior is of increasing concern in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to its potential adverse effects on cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and motor function. While regular exercise has been shown to improve the health of individuals with T2DM, the most effective exercise program for elderly sedentary patients with T2DM remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and guideline-based physical activity programs on the cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and motor function of this specific population...

Vanadium is a well-known essential trace element, which usually exists in oxidation states in the form of a vanadate cation intracellularly. The pharmacological study of vanadium began with the discovery of its unexpected inhibitory effect on ATPase. Thereafter, its protective effects on β cells and its ability in glucose metabolism regulation were observed from the vanadium compound, leading to the application of vanadium compounds in clinical trials for curing diabetes. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia disease in elderly people...