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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Puji Faitna, Dougal S Hargreaves, Francesca K Neale, Simon E Kenny, Russell M Viner, Paul P Aylin, Alex Bottle, Paul Ashley
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 caused widespread disruptions to health services worldwide, including reductions in elective surgery. Tooth extractions are among the most common reasons for elective surgery among children and young people (CYP). It is unclear how COVID-19 affected elective dental surgeries in hospitals over multiple pandemic waves at a national level. METHODS: Elective dental tooth extraction admissions were selected using Hospital Episode Statistics. Admission trends for the first 14 pandemic months were compared with the previous five years and results were stratified by age (under-11s, 11-16s, 17-24s)...
May 3, 2024: Journal of Public Health
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vasilena Stefanova, Christoph Scheepers, Paul Wilson, Kostas A Papageorgiou
Narcissism is a part of the Dark Triad that consists also of the traits of Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Two main types of narcissism exist: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Being a Dark Triad trait, narcissism is typically associated with negative outcomes. However, recent research suggests that at least the grandiose type may be linked (directly or indirectly) to positive outcomes including lower levels of psychopathology, higher school grades in adolescents, deeper and more strategic learning in university students and higher cognitive performance in experimental settings...
2024: PloS One
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Tomić, Paul M Bays
Probing memory of a complex visual image within a few hundred milliseconds after its disappearance reveals significantly greater fidelity of recall than if the probe is delayed by as little as a second. Classically interpreted, the former taps into a detailed but rapidly decaying visual sensory or 'iconic' memory (IM), while the latter relies on capacity-limited but comparatively stable visual working memory (VWM). While iconic decay and VWM capacity have been extensively studied independently, currently no single framework quantitatively accounts for the dynamics of memory fidelity over these time scales...
May 3, 2024: ELife
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bhawna Sharma, Madhuparna Paul, Amit K Bagaria
OBJECTIVES: Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a group of rare, increasingly recognized, potentially reversible, noninfectious causes of unexplained encephalitis. It affects any age-group and has a plethora of clinical presentations, the most common being the neuropsychiatric manifestation. The diagnosis of this entity at the right time and proper treatment with immunotherapy can save many lives. In this study, we describe the demographic profile, clinical spectrum, diagnosis, and treatment of 42 patients with features of AIE...
September 2023: Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paula van Dommelen, Cécile Schat-Savy, Arjan Huizing, Symone Detmar, Leonhard A Bakker, Paul H Verkerk
BACKGROUND: The charity foundation Association Soutien Enfants Togo started a child health care (CHC) centre in Togo that was modelled after the Dutch high-quality CHC system to improve child health. AIM: To describe health care data of children who visited the centre. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were routinely collected between October 2010-July 2017. Outcomes were completed vaccinations, growth, development, lifestyle, physical examination, and laboratory testing results...
February 2024: Annals of Human Biology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul S Strand, Providence D Maxwell, Justin Trang
INTRODUCTION: The present paper assessed the relationship between maternal life satisfaction (MLS) and the intergenerational transmission of female genital cutting (FGC, female circumcision). It was hypothesised that the association would be more strongly positive in countries in which FGC is more prevalent (ie, culturally normative), suggesting a practice that is socially reinforcing within sociocultural contexts in which it is common. METHODS: Across two studies with more than 85 000 participants in 15 African and Asian countries, mothers completed surveys reporting on their own FGC experiences and those of their daughters' and on their educational history and socioeconomic status...
May 2, 2024: BMJ Global Health
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lori L Altshuler, Trisha Suppes, David O Black, Willem A Nolen, Gabriele Leverich, Paul E Keck, Mark A Frye, Ralph Kupka, Susan L McElroy, Heinz Grunze, Christina M R Kitchen, Robert Post
OBJECTIVES: The authors compared the switch rate into hypomania/mania in depressed patients treated with second-generation antidepressants who had either bipolar I or bipolar II disorder. METHODS: In a 10-week trial, 184 outpatients with bipolar depression (134 with bipolar I disorder, 48 with bipolar II disorder, two with bipolar disorder not otherwise specified) were treated with one of three antidepressants as an adjunct to mood stabilizers. The patients' switch rates were assessed...
October 2023: Focus: Journal of Life Long Learning in Psychiatry
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suraj Abdulkarim, Stephen John, Tomon Garba, Hunpiya Basason, Paul Balogun, Joseph Kuye
The recalcitrance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to eradication was related to achieving a nonreplicating (dormant) state and the increasing global burden of HIV coinfection. Consequently, understanding the knowledge and perception of the population at risk of tuberculosis-HIV infection is essential to designing a strategy of intervention embraced by the target population. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Nomads in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit consented participants...
May 1, 2024: BMC Public Health
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Snehal M Pinto Pereira, Manjula D Nugawela, Terence Stephenson, Paul Foret-Bruno, Emma Dalrymple, Laila Xu, Elizabeth Whittaker, Isobel Heyman, Tamsin Ford, Terry Segal, Trudie Chalder, Shamez N Ladhani, Anna A Mensah, Kelsey McOwat, Ruth Simmons, Roz Shafran
Our previous study in children and young people (CYP) at 3- and 6-months post-infection showed that 12-16% of those infected with the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of SARS-CoV-2 met the research definition of Long Covid, with no differences between first-positive and reinfected CYP. The primary objective of the current study is to explore the impact of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection on young people 12 months post infection. 345 CYP aged 11-17 years with a first laboratory-confirmed infection with the Omicron variant and 360 CYP reinfected with the Omicron variant completed an online questionnaire assessing demographics, symptoms, and their impact shortly after testing and again at 3-, 6-and 12-months post-testing...
April 30, 2024: Scientific Reports
#10
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Ben Beaglehole, Richard Porter, Katie Douglas, Cameron James Lacey, Aroha de Bie, Jennifer Jordan, Charlie Mentzel, Bridgette Thwaites, Jenni Manuel, Greg Murray, Christopher Frampton, Paul Glue
INTRODUCTION: Although short-term benefits follow parenteral ketamine for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TR-MDD), there are challenges that prevent routine use of ketamine by clinicians. These include acute dissociative effects of parenteral ketamine, high relapse rates following ketamine dosing and the uncertain role of psychotherapy. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) seeks to establish the feasibility of evaluating repeated oral doses of ketamine and behavioural activation therapy (BAT), compared with ketamine treatment alone, for TR-MDD...
May 1, 2024: BMJ Open
#11
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Marie Scully, Ana Antun, Spero R Cataland, Paul Coppo, Claire Dossier, Nathalie Biebuyck, Wolf-Achim Hassenpflug, Karim Kentouche, Paul Knöbl, Johanna A Kremer Hovinga, M Fernanda López-Fernández, Masanori Matsumoto, Thomas L Ortel, Jerzy Windyga, Indranil Bhattacharya, Michael Cronin, Hong Li, Björn Mellgård, Munjal Patel, Parth Patwari, Shan Xiao, Pinghai Zhang, Linda T Wang
BACKGROUND: Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) results from severe hereditary deficiency of ADAMTS13. The efficacy and safety of recombinant ADAMTS13 and standard therapy (plasma-derived products) administered as routine prophylaxis or on-demand treatment in patients with congenital TTP is not known. METHODS: In this phase 3, open-label, crossover trial, we randomly assigned patients in a 1:1 ratio to two 6-month periods of prophylaxis with recombinant ADAMTS13 (40 IU per kilogram of body weight, administered intravenously) or standard therapy, followed by the alternate treatment; thereafter, all the patients received recombinant ADAMTS13 for an additional 6 months...
May 2, 2024: New England Journal of Medicine
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew C Kochem, Emily C Hanselman, Paul A S Breslin
The sweet taste receptor, TAS1R2-TAS1R3, is expressed in taste bud cells, where it conveys sweetness, and also in intestinal enteroendocrine cells, where it may facilitate glucose absorption and assimilation. In the present study, our objective was to determine whether TAS1R2-TAS1R3 influences glucose metabolism bidirectionally via hyperactivation with 5 mM sucralose (n = 12) and inhibition with 2 mM sodium lactisole (n = 10) in mixture with 75 g glucose loads during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in healthy humans...
2024: PloS One
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michaella Alexandrou, Deniz Mutlu, Athanasios Rempakos, Ahmed Al Ogaili, James W Choi, Paul Poommipanit, Khaldoon Alaswad, Mir Babar Basir, Rhian Davies, Farouc A Jaffer, Phil Dattilo, Lorenzo Azzalini, Nazif Aygul, Niranjan Reddy, Brian K Jefferson, Sevket Gorgulu, Jaikirshan J Khatri, Laura D Young, Oleg Krestyaninov, Dmitrii Khelimskii, Jarrod Frizzell, Basem Elbarouni, Bavana V Rangan, Olga C Mastrodemos, M Nicholas Burke, Yader Sandoval, Emmanouil S Brilakis
Ranolazine is an anti-anginal medication given to patients with chronic angina and persistent symptoms despite medical therapy. We examined 11 491 chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) that were performed at 41 US and non-US centers between 2012 and 2023 in the PROGRESS-CTO Registry. Patients on ranolazine at baseline had more comorbidities, more complex lesions, lower procedural and technical success (based on univariable but not multivariable analysis), and higher incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (on both univariable and multivariable analysis)...
April 30, 2024: Journal of Invasive Cardiology
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul G Arauz, Maria-Gabriela Garcia, Patricio Chiriboga, Vinnicius Okushiro, Bonnie Vinueza, Kleber Fierro, José Zuñiga, Sebastian Taco-Vasquez, Imin Kao, Sue Ann Sisto
BACKGROUND: Numerous research studies have delved into the biomechanics of walking, focusing on the spine and lower extremities. However, understanding the symmetry of walking in individuals without health issues poses a challenge, as those with normal mobility may exhibit uneven movement patterns due to inherent functional differences between their left and right limbs. The goal of this study is to examine the three-dimensional kinematics of gait symmetry in the spine and lower body during both typical and brisk overground walking in healthy individuals...
April 15, 2024: Heliyon
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anson Chui Yan Tang, Regina Lai-Tong Lee, Paul Hong Lee, Keiko Tanida, Shun Chan, Simon Ching Lam, Jennifer Nailes, Joy P Malinit, Jose Ronilo G Juangco, Qing Wang, Jason Ligot, Lorna Kwai Ping Suen
BACKGROUND: Little evidence is available to verify the mediating effect of dispositional mindfulness on the association between gaming disorder and various impulsivity traits. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of dispositional mindfulness on the association between the five UPPS-P impulsivity traits and the risk of gaming disorder among young adults. METHODS: It was an inter-regional cross-sectional study using online survey in Australia, Japan, The Philippines and China...
April 30, 2024: BMC Psychiatry
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob M Keaton, Zoha Kamali, Tian Xie, Ahmad Vaez, Ariel Williams, Slavina B Goleva, Alireza Ani, Evangelos Evangelou, Jacklyn N Hellwege, Loic Yengo, William J Young, Matthew Traylor, Ayush Giri, Zhili Zheng, Jian Zeng, Daniel I Chasman, Andrew P Morris, Mark J Caulfield, Shih-Jen Hwang, Jaspal S Kooner, David Conen, John R Attia, Alanna C Morrison, Ruth J F Loos, Kati Kristiansson, Reinhold Schmidt, Andrew A Hicks, Peter P Pramstaller, Christopher P Nelson, Nilesh J Samani, Lorenz Risch, Ulf Gyllensten, Olle Melander, Harriette Riese, James F Wilson, Harry Campbell, Stephen S Rich, Bruce M Psaty, Yingchang Lu, Jerome I Rotter, Xiuqing Guo, Kenneth M Rice, Peter Vollenweider, Johan Sundström, Claudia Langenberg, Martin D Tobin, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Jian'an Luan, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Zoltan Kutalik, Samuli Ripatti, Veikko Salomaa, Giorgia Girotto, Stella Trompet, J Wouter Jukema, Pim van der Harst, Paul M Ridker, Franco Giulianini, Veronique Vitart, Anuj Goel, Hugh Watkins, Sarah E Harris, Ian J Deary, Peter J van der Most, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Bernard D Keavney, Caroline Hayward, Archie Campbell, Michael Boehnke, Laura J Scott, Thibaud Boutin, Chrysovalanto Mamasoula, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Annette Peters, Christian Gieger, Edward G Lakatta, Francesco Cucca, Jennie Hui, Paul Knekt, Stefan Enroth, Martin H De Borst, Ozren Polašek, Maria Pina Concas, Eulalia Catamo, Massimiliano Cocca, Ruifang Li-Gao, Edith Hofer, Helena Schmidt, Beatrice Spedicati, Melanie Waldenberger, David P Strachan, Maris Laan, Alexander Teumer, Marcus Dörr, Vilmundur Gudnason, James P Cook, Daniela Ruggiero, Ivana Kolcic, Eric Boerwinkle, Michela Traglia, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T Raitakari, Andrew D Johnson, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Morris J Brown, Anna F Dominiczak, Peter J Sever, Neil Poulter, John C Chambers, Roberto Elosua, David Siscovick, Tõnu Esko, Andres Metspalu, Rona J Strawbridge, Markku Laakso, Anders Hamsten, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Eco de Geus, Andrew D Morris, Colin N A Palmer, Ilja M Nolte, Yuri Milaneschi, Jonathan Marten, Alan Wright, Eleftheria Zeggini, Joanna M M Howson, Christopher J O'Donnell, Tim Spector, Mike A Nalls, Eleanor M Simonsick, Yongmei Liu, Cornelia M van Duijn, Adam S Butterworth, John N Danesh, Cristina Menni, Nicholas J Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Yan V Sun, Peter W F Wilson, Kelly Cho, Peter M Visscher, Joshua C Denny, Daniel Levy, Todd L Edwards, Patricia B Munroe, Harold Snieder, Helen R Warren
Hypertension affects more than one billion people worldwide. Here we identify 113 novel loci, reporting a total of 2,103 independent genetic signals (P < 5 × 10-8 ) from the largest single-stage blood pressure (BP) genome-wide association study to date (n = 1,028,980 European individuals). These associations explain more than 60% of single nucleotide polymorphism-based BP heritability. Comparing top versus bottom deciles of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) reveals clinically meaningful differences in BP (16...
April 30, 2024: Nature Genetics
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kendall H Derry, Madeline C Rocks, Paul Izard, Rebecca S Nicholas, Philip M Sommer, Jacques H Hacquebord
BACKGROUND: It remains poorly understood why only some hemodynamically unstable patients who receive aggressive treatment with vasopressor medications develop limb necrosis. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of limb necrosis and the factors associated with it following high-dose vasopressor therapy. METHODS: A retrospective case-control medical records review was performed of patients aged 18 to 89 years who received vasopressor therapy between 2012 and 2021 in a single academic medical center...
May 1, 2024: American Journal of Critical Care
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yin Liu, Jodi H Barnet, Erika W Hagen, Paul E Peppard, Emmanuel Mignot, Eric N Reither
OBJECTIVE: Body mass index (BMI) trajectories are associated with night-time sleep, but it is not clear how they relate to daytime sleepiness in population data. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between levels and changes in daytime sleepiness and BMI trajectories among men and women. METHODS: We estimated growth curve models among 827 participants in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study (mean [sd] age = 55.2 [8.0] years at baseline). The outcome variable was BMI (kg/m2 ) and the key predictor was daytime sleepiness measured by Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) scores...
April 29, 2024: Sleep Health
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristy Ng, Samantha Morais, Michel D Wissing, Ann N Burchell, Pierre-Paul Tellier, François Coutlée, Tim Waterboer, Mariam El-Zein, Eduardo L Franco
Given low seroconversion rates following human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, fixed external cutoffs may lead to errors in estimating HPV seroprevalence. We evaluated finite mixture modeling (FMM) and group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) among unvaccinated, sexually active, HPV-exposed women to determine study-specific HPV16 and HPV18 seropositivity thresholds. We included 399 women (aged 18-24 years) enrolled in the HPV Infection and Transmission Among Couples Through Heterosexual Activity (HITCH) cohort study between 2005 and 2011 in Montreal, Canada...
April 30, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John L O'Dwyer, Louise D Bryant, Claire Hulme, Paul Kind, David M Meads
BACKGROUND: Approximately 1.5 million adults in the UK have a learning disability. The difference between age at death for this group and the general population is 26 years for females and 22 years for males. The NHS Long Term Plan (January 2019) recognises learning disabilities as a clinical priority area. People with a learning disability are often excluded from research by design or lack of reasonable adjustments, and self-reported health status/health-related quality of life questionnaires such as the EQ-5D are often not appropriate for this population...
April 29, 2024: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
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