nutrition elderly

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the leading causes of death among the elderly. Recent research has demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction, which is hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, is a contributor to the development of these diseases. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Methylmalonic acid (MMA), AD, PD, inflammatory markers and covariates were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The classification of the inflammatory markers was done through quartile conversion...

The addition of nanomaterials to improve product properties has become a matter of course for many commodities: e.g., detergents, cosmetics, and food products. While this practice improves product characteristics, the increasing exposure and potential impact of nanomaterials (<100 nm) raise concerns regarding both the human body and the environment. Special attention should be taken for vulnerable individuals such as those who are ill, elder, or newborns. But detecting and quantifying nanoparticles in complex food matrices like early life nutrition (ELN) poses a significant challenge due to the presence of additional particles, emulsion-droplets, or micelles...

OBJECTIVES: The modified body mass index (mBMI) combines the body mass index and serum albumin, accurately reflecting the nutritional status. It remains uncertain whether modified body mass index influences neurological function and clinical prognosis in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: We divided the cohort into quartiles of mBMI (1 to 4). The primary outcome was analyzed using the percentage of patients with a 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0 to 1...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is defined as a progressive neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. The therapeutic effect of ω-3 PUFAs in several neurodegenerative diseases has been well recognized. Nevertheless, whether nutrition supplementing ω-3 PUFAs exerts a neuroprotective role in PD remains elusive. Bioinformatics revealed 2D chemical structural formula of three components. Mice received indicated treatment with saline, MPTP or ω-3 PUFAs according to grouping. Behavioral function of mice was measured through motor tests such as rearing, akinesia, and rotarod tests...

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The burden of cardiovascular disease and the percentage of frail patients in the aging population will increase. This study aims to assess the circulating levels of several cytokines in frail patients. This is an ancillary analysis of the FRAPICA trial. The ratio of men/women changed from robust through frail groups from 3:1 to 1:2. The groups are comparable in terms of age and body measurements analysis (weight, height, and BMI), yet the frail patients have significantly reduced fat-free mass, and more often have been diagnosed with diabetes...

The consumption of functional foods in a daily diet is a promising approach for the maintenance of cognitive health. The present study examines the effects of water-soluble prebiotic dietary-fiber, partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), on cognitive function and mental health in healthy elderly individuals. Participants consumed either 5 g/day of PHGG or a placebo daily for 12 weeks in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group study. An assessment of cognitive functions, sleep quality, and subjective mood evaluations was performed at baseline and after 8 and 12 weeks of either PHGG or placebo intake...

There are many nutritional changes that come with aging, mostly as consequences of health regression. Malnutrition and overweight often start with inadequate food consumption, followed by alterations in biochemical indices and body composition. In our study, we aimed to analyze the feeding habits and energy and nutrient intake of a Hungarian elderly population, focusing on macronutrient, water, fruit, and vegetable consumption while searching for possible nutritional factors leading to NCD and many other chronic diseases in this population...

Smartphone applications aimed at enhancing physical, cognitive, and social activities through mobile health (mHealth) technology are of increasing interest. Their feasibility and acceptability, alongside impacts on frailty phenotype scores and step counts among older adults with frailty, remain to be fully validated. This study presents a 13-week preliminary intervention trial assessing an mHealth app's feasibility in a cohort of 34 eligible older adults, including 5 frail and 29 pre-frail participants. The intervention entailed a 6-week course on app usage, followed by 7 weeks of observation, with four participants withdrawing early...

This study aimed to compare the dietary factors related to sarcopenia and obesity status in 5458 elderly individuals (2391 men and 3076 women) aged ≥65 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2019). Participants were categorized into normal, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity groups. Sarcopenic obesity showed a higher prevalence of diabetes and lower HDL cholesterol levels compared to obesity. Sarcopenic obesity exhibited a lower total KHEI score and lower adequacy, including meat/fish/eggs/beans, than normal or obesity...

Vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin is initiated by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure of precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC), but influence of age on the early stage of vitamin D3 metabolism is uncertain. We performed a prospective standardised study in healthy ambulant adults aged ≥65 and ≤40 years examining (1) if baseline skin 7DHC concentration differs between younger and older adults and (2) the impact of older age on serum vitamin D3 response to solar simulated UVR. Eleven younger (18-40 years) and 10 older (65-89 years) adults, phototype I-III, received low-dose UVR (95% UVA, 5% UVB, 1...

Malnutrition (MN) is a highly prevalent condition in the elderly. It is associated with functional impairment, disability, frailty, and sarcopenia. The aim was to analyze the capacity of GLIM and ESPEN criteria to diagnose MN in a sample of institutionalized psychogeriatric patients. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected in a cross-sectional study. Patients' frailty, dependence, functional capacity, MNA, hand-grip strength (HS), and sarcopenia were evaluated. Body composition (BC) was estimated by conventional bioimpedance analysis...

Ageing changes the impact of nutrition, whereby inflammation has been suggested to play a role in age-related disabilities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in postprandial bile-acid response and its effect on energy metabolism between young and elderly people. Nine young, healthy men and nine elderly, healthy men underwent a liquid mixed-meal test. Postprandial bile-acid levels, insulin, glucose, GLP-1, C4, FGF19 and lipids were measured. Appetite, body composition, energy expenditure and gut microbiome were also measured...

Background and Objectives: The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and risk factors for the disease in Korean adults over the age of 50, as well as to provide basic data for OA prevention through management. Materials and Methods: Based on 2010-2013 data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, 7962 adults over the age of 50 who participated in radiological tests and health surveys for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis were chosen as participants. Results: The risk factors for OA occurrence were investigated using complex sample multiple logistic regression analysis...

Sarcopenia is a prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle condition in the elderly population, posing a tremendous burden on diseased individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. Conventionally, sarcopenia is currently managed through nutritional interventions, physical therapy, and lifestyle modification, with no pharmaceutical agents being approved for specific use in this disease. As the pathogenesis of sarcopenia is still poorly understood and there is no treatment recognized as universally effective, recent research efforts have been directed at better comprehending this illness and diversifying treatment strategies...

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), recognized as a primary inhibitory neurotransmitter within the brain, serves a crucial role in the aging process and in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Research has demonstrated the beneficial effects of GABA, particularly for elderly individuals. Given that elderly individuals often encounter challenges with swallowing food, beverages designed to address dysphagia represent a preferable option for this demographic. Among the different processing techniques, the germination process triggers biochemical changes, leading to an increase in certain nutrients and bioactive compounds (e...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative frailty is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes. In 2017, McIsaac and colleagues' systematic review found that few interventions improved outcomes in this population and evidence was low-quality. We aimed to systematically review the evidence for multicomponent perioperative interventions in frail patients that has emerged since McIsaac et al.'s review. METHODS: PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases were searched for English-language studies published since January 1, 2016, that evaluated multicomponent perioperative interventions in patients identified as frail...

BACKGROUND: As individuals age, the prevalence of osteoarthritis tends to increase gradually. α-Klotho is a hormone renowned for its anti-aging properties. However, the precise role of serum α-Klotho in osteoarthritis is still not fully comprehended. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2016. Serum α-Klotho levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)...

With the global migrant population on the rise, it's imperative to focus on the health status of more vulnerable groups within these communities. The elderly immigrants face myriad physical and psychosocial challenges that significantly impact their health and quality of life. This study aims to investigate the nutrition, daily life activities, and clinical frailty status of elderly immigrants residing in Türkiye. A cross-sectional design was employed in the Sultanbeyli District, focusing on Syrian immigrants aged 65 and over...

BACKGROUND: Hip fracture is common in elderly individuals and is accompanied by a relatively high mortality rate. However, it is currently difficult to accurately predict postoperative prognosis for older patients with hip fractures. The aim of this meta-analysis was to further determine the prognostic value of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for patients who underwent hip fracture surgery. METHODS: The Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched up to September 19, 2023, for available studies...