oligoarthritis

Rhodococcus corynebacterioides is a Gram-positive bacterium known to cause bacteremia and oligoarthritis. There have been only a few case reports in the literature that describe its association with peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. We report a case of recurrent peritonitis caused by R. corynebacterioides . The patient presented with abdominal pain, and PD fluid analysis was positive for infection, with cultures growing R. corynebacterioides . The patient was treated with multiple courses of intraperitoneal antibiotics due to recurrent episodes of PD-associated peritonitis from this bacterium, ultimately necessitating the removal of the PD catheter and the transition to hemodialysis...

PURPOSE: Autoimmune thyroid disease seems to occur more often in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) than in the general pediatric population. We investigated the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) in young patients with JIA in Greece, which has not been evaluated previously. METHODS: This descriptive study included patients with JIA followed up at the Pediatric Rheumatology Unit of the Second Department of Pediatrics of a tertiary general hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece...

BACKGROUND: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic rheumatic disease that affects children. It is crucial to detect and treat hip involvement in JIA early to prevent functional impairment and reduced quality of life. The Childhood Arthritis Radiographic Score of the Hip (CARSH) is a validated radiographic scoring system used to assess hip involvement in JIA. In this study, we aimed to determine cut-off values for CARSH scores using cluster analysis. METHODS: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional analysis and included JIA patients with hip involvement who underwent a pelvic radiograph...

OBJECTIVES: Undifferentiated arthritis(UA) is clinically heterogeneous and differs in outcomes ranging from spontaneous resolution to RA-development. Therefore, we hypothesized that subgroups exist within UA and we aimed to identify homogeneous groups based on clinical features, and thereafter to relate these groups to the outcomes spontaneous resolution and RA-development. These outcomes can only be studied in UA-patients in which DMARD-treatment does not influence the natural disease course; these cohorts are scarce...

Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is recommended for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection. BCG-associated musculoskeletal adverse events are rare. We report two cases of BCG reactive arthritis that were unusually severe and refractory. These describe two male patients who presented with polyarthritis after BCG exposure. Ultrasonography-guided glucocorticoid injections, high-dose systemic glucocorticoids and the institution of sulfasalazine were required for achievement of remission...

Chronic asymptomatic and acute symptomatic anterior uveitis are forms of ocular inflammation associated with juvenileidiopathic arthritis (JIA) Chronic JIA-associated uveitis is characterized by young age of onset, female predilection, oligoarthritis,and antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity. Acute JIA-associated uveitis predominantly affects older male juvenileswho also develop enthesitis. A type I collagen-derived peptide (melanin-associated antigen [MAA]) induces anterior uveitisin rodents. In this study, we evaluated MAA-induced uveitis in rats as a potential model for JIA-uveitis...

The spondyloarthritides are a diverse group of distinct yet interrelated disease processes with overlapping clinical features. They are ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease-associated arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. Genetically, these disease processes have been linked by the presence of HLA-B27. They manifest with axial and peripheral symptoms, such as inflammatory back pain, enthesitis, oligoarthritis, and dactylitis. The onset of symptoms can begin before the age of 45; however, because of the wide range of signs and symptoms, diagnosis can be delayed, leading to unchecked inflammation, structural damage, and later, restriction in physical mobility...

Reactive arthritis (ReA) following Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been described mainly in adults, and only two pediatric cases have been reported. We report a third case where ReA was found to be a sequela following COVID-19 infection. A 15-year-old right-handed Caucasian girl presented with severe left-wrist pain. She was experiencing fever, rash, and migratory oligoarthritis, and laboratory work-up showed elevated inflammatory markers and a positive COVID-19 IgG antibody test. Imaging revealed inflammatory arthropathy with wrist synovitis...

Arthritis is one complication of Kawasaki disease (KD); however, the clinical features of arthritis in KD have not been well clarified. We retrospectively investigated the characteristics of persistent arthritis beyond the subacute phase of KD. In this cohort, 49 of 243 patients (20%) developed arthritis, with 33 patients (14%) experiencing persistent arthritis. Among these 33 patients, 31 (94%) had complete KD. Thirty (91%) were resistant to first intravenous immunoglobulin, and 15 (45%) required additional infliximab...

BACKGROUND: The etiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is poorly understood. This study investigated genetic and environmental factors and infant gut microbiota in a prospective birth cohort to assess disease risk. METHODS: Data was collected from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) population-based cohort (n = 17,055), 111 of whom later acquired JIA (ABISJIA ). Stool samples were collected at one year of age for 10.4%. To determine disease association, 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed, with and without confound adjustment...

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a collective term for pediatric inflammatory arthritis of unknown etiology, which presents diverse clinical and imaging findings. The pathogenesis is complex; however, most cases stem from an autoimmune mechanism. Herein we provide a short review of imaging findings of JIA. Imaging assessment begins with plain radiography demonstrating joint swelling, periarticular osteopenia, and juxtaarticular bone erosion. Bone erosion occurs later in JIA. Instead, aberrant epimetaphyseal growth often gives the first clue to the diagnosis...

As the number of reports of post-acute COVID-19 musculoskeletal manifestations is rapidly rising, it is important to summarize the current available literature in order to shed light on this new and not fully understood phenomenon. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to provide an updated picture of post-acute COVID-19 musculoskeletal manifestations of potential rheumatological interest, with a particular focus on joint pain, new onset of rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases and presence of autoantibodies related to inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies...

OBJECTIVES: Clinical inertia, or therapeutic inertia (TI), is the medical behavior of not initiating or intensifying treatment when recommended by clinical recommendations. To our knowledge, our survey is the first to assess TI around psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: 825 French rheumatologists were contacted via email between January and March 2021 and invited to complete an online questionnaire consisting of seven clinical vignettes: five cases ("oligoarthritis", "enthesitis", "polyarthritis", "neoplastic history", "cardiovascular risk") requiring treatment OPTImization, and two "control" cases (distal interphalangeal arthritis, atypical axial involvement) not requiring any change of treatment-according to the most recent PsA recommendations...

This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and risk factors of uveitis in Korean children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The medical records of JIA patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2019 and followed up for ≥1 year were retrospectively reviewed, and various factors including laboratory findings were analyzed for the risk of developing uveitis. JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U) developed in 30 (9.8%) of 306 JIA patients. The mean age at the first uveitis development was 12.4 ± 5...

BACKGROUND: To explore the role of two major inhibitors of Wnt signal pathway, Dickkopf-1(DKK-1) and Sclerostin (SOST), in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: 88 patients with JIA, which including 49 patients with enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA), 21 oligoarthritis (oJIA) and 18 polyarthritis (pJIA), and 36 age-and sex-matched children as healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. The plasma levels of DKK-1 and SOST, measured using commercially available ELISA kits, were analyzed the correlation between the levels of DKK-1/SOST and JIA, and were analyzed in 14 patients with JIA during before and after treatment...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to explore the response to intraarticular triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection in children with non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and factors associated with time to arthritis flare. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of children with non-systemic JIA who received intraarticular TA injections at a tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Response to intraarticular TA injection was defined as absence of arthritis at 6 months after procedure...

BACKGROUND: Rheumatological manifestations following COVID-19 are various, including Reactive Arthritis (ReA), which is a form of asymmetric oligoarthritis mainly involving the lower limbs, with or without extra-articular features. The current case series describes the clinical profile and treatment outcome of 23 patients with post-COVID-19 ReA. METHODS: A retrospective, observational study of patients with post-COVID-19 arthritis over one year was conducted at a tertiary care centre in India...

Erythema nodosum (EN) is a type of panniculitis often benign and self-limited. It may, however, be associated with numerous causes, the most common being infections (namely streptococcal infections), of which tuberculosis (TB) is also one. We report the case of a 43-year-old woman who was referred to our outpatient department with signs of a recurrent EN along with an asymmetrical oligoarthritis of the lower limbs. The investigation excluded all etiological causes of EN, except the interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) which was positive...

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterised by clonal expansion of histiocytes in various organs. These induce an inflammatory environment, which leads to damage of the affected areas. Recently, a new disease entity was proposed encompassing key features of ECD but also of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease, another histiocytosis. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 ( MAP2K1) mutations seem to present a specific genetic lesion for this subtype.Here, we describe a case of this new disease entity with clinical, radiological and genetic findings compatible with ECD but histological findings compatible with Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease...

Reactive arthritis Abstract. Reactive Arthritis is a sterile, inflammatory arthritis that is typically preceded by a bacterial gastrointestinal or urogenital infection occurring one to four weeks previously. The typical pattern is an asymmetric oligoarthritis most common affecting the lower extremities. Similar to other spondyloarthropathies, enthesitis, dactylitis, and sacroiliitis can occur as well as extra-articular manifestations, such as conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, oral ulcers, circinate balanitis, and keratoderma blennorrhagicum...