exam skills

PURPOSE: Researchers often use identification or goodness rating tasks to assess speech perception for different populations. These tasks provide useful information about a listener's willingness to accept a range of acoustically variable stimuli as belonging to the same category and also about assessing how stimuli that are labeled the same may not be perceived as equally good versions of a particular speech sound. Many methodological aspects of these simple tasks have been tested, but one aspect that has not is the choice of label...

BACKGROUND: Digital literacy refers to the capacity to critically assess digital content, use digital tools in professional settings, and operate digital devices with proficiency. The healthcare sector has rapidly digitized in the last few decades. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the digital literacy level of health professionals in the Ethiopian health sector and identify associated factors. The study reviewed relevant literature and analyzed the data to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of digital literacy among health professionals in Ethiopia...

AIMS: Research capacity strengthening (RCS) is crucial in enhancing healthcare outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which face challenges due to limited resources, unequal access to care and the need for evidence-based decision-making. We seek to move beyond a surface-level understanding of RCS, unearthing the core attributes, the factors that precede its implementation and the transformative outcomes it generates within the LMIC healthcare landscape. DESIGN: This study employs the Walker and Avant approach to concept analysis to comprehensively explore the dimensions and attributes of RCS as it pertains to allied and public health professionals in LMICs, propose empirical referents and suggest an operational definition...

BACKGROUND: Microanastomosis presents a challenge in neurosurgical procedures, requiring specialized skills. Regular practice outside the operating room is crucial. This study aims to provide a detailed description of the side-to-side anastomosis technique and analyze its advantages in preventing failures compared to other variations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined the technique, characteristics, and outcomes of side-to-side bypass procedures for complex aneurysms in the ACA territory at our institution over the past decade...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the learning in the implant dentistry hands-on course to that of the flipped classroom (FC) and the traditional lecture cohorts (control). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study,80 students were enrolled for the first time in an implant dentistry program. Subsequently, they were divided into two groups. The first, the FC group, which had free access to a video with a PowerPoint presentation on the Chaoxing-WHU-MOOC platform about the implant placement on first molar sites before class...

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based practice has been the desirable healthcare standard for decades. To ensure evidence-based healthcare in the future, nursing education curricula must include strategies for teaching evidence-based practice to nursing students. Learning outcomes about evidence-based practice might be incorporated into courses like the bachelor's thesis. AIM: This study investigates whether writing a bachelor's thesis influences nursing students' practice, skills, and attitudes towards evidence-based practice, and explores whether there are differences between students writing the thesis as a literature study and students conducting empirical studies...

BACKGROUND: Physically active learning (PAL) is a potentially valuable method to stimulate academic performance and physical activity (PA) in children with learning disorders (LD) attending special-needs schools. It is yet unknown whether PAL can be successfully implemented in special-needs schools. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate a PAL-program in special-needs schools by examining teacher's dose delivered, children's dose received, and associations of children's characteristics with dose received...

There is currently no systematic review of the growing body of literature on using social robots in early developmental research. Designing appropriate methods for early childhood research is crucial for broadening our understanding of young children's social and cognitive development. This scoping review systematically examines the existing literature on using social robots to study social and cognitive development in infants and toddlers aged between 2 and 35 months. Moreover, it aims to identify the research focus, findings, and reported gaps and challenges when using robots in research...

The study aimed to compare reciprocal behavior during interaction with a virtual-player in a computer game between children with typical development (TD) and children with specific-learning-disabilities (SLD) and/or with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to examine its correlation with social skills. A total of 120 children (43 SLD/ADHD, 77 TD) aged 9-11 years participated. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires focusing on social skills and reciprocity and played a computer game in which such social situations arose...

The article discusses the evolution of the Brazilian College of Surgeons (CBC) specialist title exam, highlighting the importance of evaluating not only theoretical knowledge, but also the practical skills and ethical behavior of candidates. The test was instituted in 1971, initially with only the written phase, and later included the oral practical test, starting with the 13th edition in 1988. In 2022, the assessment process was improved by including the use of simulated stations in the practical test, with the aim of assessing practical and communication skills, as well as clinical reasoning, in order to guarantee excellence in the assessment of surgeons training...

Suicide management skills are essential for nursing students, as they are often the initial healthcare contact for individuals at risk of suicide. Recognising signs of suicidal ideation and behaviour is critical for initiating timely interventions. This study aimed to develop and access the psychometric evaluation of the Suicide Management Competency Scale (SMCS) for nursing students. A first draft of the SMCS was initially developed following literature and focus group, and a scale containing 28 items was constructed...

Early motor delays and differences are common among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Yet, little work has shown whether there are early atypical motor signs that differentiate these groups. Quantitative measures of movement variability hold promise for improving the identification of subtle and specific differences in motor function among infants and toddlers at high likelihood for ASD and ADHD. To this end, we created a novel quantitative measure of movement variability (movement curvature) and conducted a preliminary investigation as to whether this measure improves outcome predictions...

INTRODUCTION: Ethical reasoning is an important skill for all physicians who often face complex ethical dilemmas in their daily practice. Therefore, medical training should include methods for learning ethical theories and concepts, as well as how to apply them in practical situations. AIM: Assess the contribution of an Ethical Reasoning Learning session to fifth medical students' training through a comparison of results of the same objective and structured clinical examination (OSCE) in the form of simulated interview before and after sessions...

PURPOSE: How does lexical decision behavior vary in students with the same grade level (all students were in their first year of middle-school), but different levels of reading fluency? Here, we tested a prediction of the dual-route model: as fluency increases, variations in the results may reflect a decreasing reliance on decoding and an increasing reliance on the lexical route. METHOD: 1,501 French 6th graders passed a one-minute speeded reading-aloud task evaluating fluency, and a ten-minute computerized lexical decision task evaluating the impact of lexicality, length, word frequency and pseudoword type...

BACKGROUND: Support workers are central to the delivery of residential aged care, but the workforce is facing increasing work demands and widespread shortages. This contributes to high rates of burnout, decreased job satisfaction and high staff turnover. Peer-led interventions are reported to be effective but it is necessary to use evidence-based interventions to support this key workforce group. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence on effectiveness of strategies improving psychosocial and turnover-related outcomes for support workers in aged care that could be incorporated into a peer-led intervention...

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare professionals have development needs related to their consumption, use, and practice of clinical research. Little is known about these issues in mental health services specifically. OBJECTIVES: A survey of healthcare staff working in an NHS Mental Health and Disability Trust in England was conducted to describe research capacity and culture compared with previously reported samples, and to examine subgroup differences. METHODS: An online questionnaire was utilized...

BACKGROUND: The clinical demands of mass casualty events strain even the most well-equipped trauma centers and are especially challenging in resource-limited rural, remote, or austere environments. Gynecologists and urologists care for patients with pelvic and abdominal injuries, but the extent to which they are able to serve as "force multipliers" for trauma care is unclear. This study examined the abilities of urologists and gynecologists to perform 32 trauma procedures after mentored training by expert trauma educators to inform the potential for these specialists to independently care for trauma patients...

BACKGROUND: Demand for COVID-19 testing prompted the implementation of drive-through testing systems. However, limited research has examined factors influencing testing positivity in this setting. METHODS: From October 2020 to March 2023, a total of 1,341 patients, along with their clinical information, were referred from local clinics to the Sasebo City COVID-19 drive-through PCR center for testing. Association between clinical information or factors related to the drive-through center and testing results was analyzed by Fisher's exact test and logistic regression models...

BACKGROUND: Organized physical activity programs have been shown to provide wide benefits to participants, though there are relatively few studies examining the impact of these programs for individuals with developmental disabilities. This pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility and impact of an undergraduate-led dance intervention program for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. We evaluated the impact of the dance program on motor ability and social skills...

BACKGROUND: Appropriate communication with dental patients enhances treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. Implementing simulated patient interviews courses can improve patient-centered care and reduce conflict during clerkship training. Therefore, this study explored the relationship among student participation in a situational simulation course (SSC), academic performance, clerkship performance, and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) performance. METHODS: This study was conducted with a sample of fifth-year dental students undergoing clerkship training...