vitamin d free radicals

The paper presents the result of assessing the antiradical status of consumers (in the context of Russia) in connection with their well-being. This approach is based on a multistage study, in which the results of sociological surveys were applied, as well as estimates of the antiradical potential (ARP) of diets obtained using neural networks, bootstrapping the chemical composition of diets, and calculating reference values using mathematical models. The paper presents data collected from residents living in the territories of at least 21 regions and cities of Russia: Magadan, Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnodar, Lipetsk, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Voronezh, etc...

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and erectile dysfunction (ED) heavily burden the male population. The higher prevalence of both conditions in the elderly suggests a possible relationship between the two conditions. In addition, in vitro, animal, and human studies have revealed several mechanisms that may relate VDD to ED. The main mechanism by which vitamin D might exert its action on sexual function appears to be through the regulation of endothelial function. Indeed, VDD correlates with several markers of endothelial function...

Recently, researchers have focused on the use of natural antioxidants to improve semen quality as a key element for successful artificial insemination. In this context, the first aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and composition (minerals, vitamins, and sugars) of Opuntia ficus-indica cladode ethanolic extract (ETHEX). A further purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ETHEX supplementation on the quality of liquid ram semen extended with skim milk (SM) at 5°C. The antioxidant activity of ETHEX was studied using free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) assay...

Nutrigenomics attempts to characterize and integrate the relation between dietary molecules and gene expression on a genome-wide level. One of the biologically active nutritional compounds is vitamin D3 , which activates via its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2 D3 ) the nuclear receptor VDR (vitamin D receptor). Vitamin D3 can be synthesized endogenously in our skin, but since we spend long times indoors and often live at higher latitudes where for many winter months UV-B radiation is too low, it became a true vitamin...

Older adults lack of proper physical activity which is often accompanied by vitamin D deficiency. Those factors are known to contribute to health issues in the later years of life. The main goal of this intervention study was to investigate the effect of different vitamin D supplementation strategies for 4 weeks solely or combined with a 10-week strength training program on chromosomal stability in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in community-dwelling older people. One hundred women and men (65-85 years) received either vitamin D3 daily (800 IU), a monthly dose (50...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. Pathophysiologically, it is characterized by intracytoplasmic aggregates of α-synuclein protein in the Lewy body and loss of dopaminergic neurons from substantia nigra pars compacta and striatum regions of the brain. Although the exact mechanism of neurodegeneration is not fully elucidated, it has been reported that environmental toxins such as MPTP, rotenone, paraquat, and MPP+ induce oxidative stress, which is one of the causative factors for it...

Growing evidence suggests that vitamin C supplementation may be an effective adjunct therapy in the management of people with diabetes. This paper critically reviews the current evidence on effects of vitamin C supplementation and its potential mechanisms in diabetes management. Evidence from meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) show favourable effects of vitamin C on glycaemic control and blood pressure that may be clinically meaningful, and mixed effects on blood lipids and endothelial function...

Totally ignoring that the five enthalpies of reaction-bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), adiabatic ionization potential (IP), proton dissociation enthalpy (PDE), proton affinity (PA), and electron transfer enthalpy (ETE)-characterizing the three free radical scavenging mechanisms-direct hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), sequential electron transfer proton transfer (SET-PT), and stepwise proton loss electron transfer (SPLET)-are not independent of each other, a recent publication on the antioxidant activity of dietary vitamins compared various vitamins and "found" different quantities, which should be strictly equal by virtue of energy conservation...

Ferroptosis plays an essential role in the pathology of osteoporosis. This study investigated whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation could protect against age-related osteoporosis through an anti-ferroptosis mechanism. d-galactose (D-gal)-induced mice and VDR-knockout mice were used in the in-vivo study. The VDR activator (1,25(OH)2 D3 ) attenuated senescence and ferroptosis in the D-gal-induced bone, as illustrated by downregulated senescence-associated secretory phenotype genes, improved mitochondrial morphology, elevated glutathione, and decreased lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal)...

Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant thiol antioxidant in the human body and serves many important biochemical functions, including the regulation of vitamins, such as vitamins D, E, and C, and detoxification of drugs and toxins. As a powerful antioxidant, GSH is particularly important as a regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and a free radical scavenger that limits oxidative damage to cellular components. Low GSH levels have been associated with many chronic pro-inflammatory conditions, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic disease, as well as neurodegenerative conditions and autoimmune diseases...

Vitamin D is considered an essential micronutrient for human health that is metabolized into a multifunctional secosteroid hormone. We can synthesize it in the skin through ultraviolet B (UVB) rays or acquire it from the diet. Its deficiency is a major global health problem that affects all ages and ethnic groups. Furthermore, dysregulation of vitamin D homeostasis has been associated with premature aging, driven by various cellular processes, including oxidative stress and cellular senescence. Various studies have shown that vitamin D can attenuate oxidative stress and delay cellular senescence, mainly by inducing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Klotho and improving mitochondrial homeostasis, proposing this vitamin as an excellent candidate for delaying aging...

An outbreak of pneumonia caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is called COVID-19 and has led to a pandemic worldwide. It is reasonable to investigate and control factors affecting disease severity and mortality. The relation between vitamin D and viral pneumonia has been previously reported. Vitamin D deficiency is common and may increase hospital admission and mortality rate in patients with COVID-19. This mini-review examines the pathways that show the association between vitamin D and COVID-19...

A number of studies have shown that oxidative stress is related to the pathogenesis of several immunological diseases, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), although there is no plausible mechanism to explain it. Thus, we aimed at hypothesizing and providing some possible mechanisms linking oxidative stress to autoimmunity aspects and its implications for HT, as well as adjuvant therapeutic proposals to mitigate the deleterious effects. Our hypothesis is that deficient eating habits, autoimmune regulator gene predisposing gene, dysbiosis and molecular mimicry, unfolded proteins and stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, and thymus involution appear to be the main potential factors leading to HT oxidative stress...

Background: In traditional medicine, the maceration of seeds of Garcinia kola (GK) is used to treat various diseases including diabetes. In traditional pharmacopoeia, GK seeds are used to strengthen the immune system and as a stimulant and aphrodisiac. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic free radical scavenging effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of GK seeds (HAEGS) in a dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemic (DexIH) rat model. Settings and Design: This study was an interventional study...

Beta-thalassemia (BTH), a recessively inherited haemoglobin (Hb) disorder, causes iron overload (IO), extra-medullary haematopoiesis and bone marrow expansion with major clinical impact. The main objective of this review is to address endocrine components (including aspects of reproductive health as fertility potential and pregnancy outcome) in major beta-thalassemia patients, a complex panel known as thalassemic endocrine disease (TED). We included English, full-text articles based on PubMed research (January 2017-June 2022)...

UNLABELLED: High-dose ascorbate (vitamin C) has shown promising anticancer activity. Two redox mechanisms have been proposed: hydrogen peroxide generation by ascorbate itself or glutathione depletion by dehydroascorbate (formed by ascorbate oxidation). Here we show that the metabolic effects and cytotoxicity of high-dose ascorbate in vitro result from hydrogen peroxide independently of dehydroascorbate. These effects were suppressed by selenium through antioxidant selenoenzymes including glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) but not the classic ferroptosis-inhibiting selenoenzyme GPX4...

Six lactic acid bacteria strains were used to study the effects on physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and sensory properties of fermented orange juices. All strains exhibited good growth in orange juice. Of these fermentations, some bioactive compositions (e.g., vitamin C, shikimic acid) and aroma-active compounds (e.g., linalool, 3-carene, ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate, etc.) significantly increased in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus samples. DPPH free radical scavenging rates in L...

Intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD) is a common aging disease. Excessive apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells has been widely considered a main contributor to IDD. Emerging science has shown that autophagy plays a protective role against apoptosis under oxidative stress. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a steroid hormone receptor that can regulate autophagy. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether VDR alleviates IDD by promoting autophagy. H2 O2 stimulation was used to establish oxidative stress conditions...

BACKGROUND: Under conditions of intense athletic exercise free radicals and cortisol production increases, whereas testosterone and vitamin D blood levels decrease. Ethnic differences in the levels of these biological mediators have been reported. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of these biological parameters, the differences ethnic, and their relationships with clinical symptoms of overtraining. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty professional soccer players were studied...

Adequate nutrition is of utmost importance for athletes, especially during rehabilitation after injury in order to achieve fast healing and return to sports. The aim of this narrative review is to define the proper nutritional elements for athletes to meet their needs and facilitate their fast return to sports after surgery or injury, as well as determine the effects of specific nutrients intake. Studies on antioxidants, which are substances that protect against free radicals, for the injured athlete are few and unclear, yet poly-phenols and especially flavonoids might improve healing and inflammation following an injury...