Guidelines

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 with its rapid expansion has led to extraordinary implications in our understanding of viral infections and their management globally. In this current scenario of unusual circumstances and public health emergency, the cancer care per se is facing unprecedented challenges. The peculiarity of the SARS-CoV-2 infections is still being uncovered as the pandemic spreads across the populations than showing signs of its curtailment. The review highlights the significance of idiosyncrasy of the SARS-Cov-2 infection especially putting forth the importance of immunosenescence, both in the COVID-19 specific immune response in the infected lungs of the elderly and in the cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2...

OBJECTIVE: Pain is the fearest and disabling symptom for cancer patients. The cornerstone of treatment is opioid analgesics. The objective of this research was to relate the opioid consumption existing in the Community of Madrid (CM) with the prescription habits expressed by the Primary Care (PrC) and Palliative Care (PalC) physicians. DESIGN: An opioid prescription habits questionnaire was designed. Sampling was consecutive non-probability. SITE: PrC and specific PalC resources in the CM...

AIMS: Nonunion is a known and much-dreaded complication of paediatric lateral condyle fractures. This systematic review aims to pool together individual studies to find out if the timing of fixation and method of fixation impacts surgical outcomes (postoperative union and elbow ROM) in paediatric lateral condyle nonunion. METHODS: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. All surgical studies with original data on pediatric lateral humeral condyle nonunion were included...

BACKGROUND: Giant cell tumors of the bone (GCTB) are rare bone tumors, especially in the cervical spine. Generally considered benign, local aggressiveness and metastatic growth have been described. Surgical concepts for GCTB are challenged by complex neurovascular anatomy. Specific clinical management guidelines are non-existent. This systematic review aims to compile existing evidence on the treatment of GCTB of the cervical spine. METHODS: Four electronic databases were searched: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library...

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a significant risk factor for mortality and morbidity among patients with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the effectiveness of multimodal smoking cessation interventions in adult smokers diagnosed with schizophrenia. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant electronic databases were searched for clinical trials that combined pharmacological and non-pharmacological smoking cessation interventions for patients with schizophrenia, published up to October 2020...

BACKGROUND: In chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), the guidelines recommend very limited diagnostic procedures during the routine workup, although additional investigations might be indicated in some CSU patients. For physicians treating CSU patients, it is often difficult to decide which diagnostic tests are useful. OBJECTIVE: To provide recommendations on what diagnostic tests should be performed on which CSU patient. METHODS: We performed an extensive literature search on the respective topics and identified relevant questions that should prompt diagnostic procedures based on the published evidence and expert consensus among all authors...

OBJECTIVE: To report all equations that can potentially be used to estimate the oxygen cost of walking (Cw) without using a respiratory gas exchange analyzer and to provide the level of reliability of each equation. DATA SOURCES: Webline, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE), and Wiley Online Library databases from 1950 to August 2019 with search terms related to stroke and oxygen cost of walking. METHODS: This systematic review was reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the methodological quality of included studies was determined with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP)...

BACKGROUND & AIM: Hereditary factors play a role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Identification of germline predisposition can have implications on treatment and cancer prevention. To determine prevalence of pathogenic germline variants (PGV) in CRC patients using an universal testing approach, association with clinical outcomes and the uptake of family variant testing. DESIGN: We undertook a prospective multi-site study of germline sequencing using an >80 gene NGS platform among CRC patients (not selected for age or family history) receiving care at Mayo Clinic Cancer Centers between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2020...

OBJECTIVE: To provide practical principles and examples to help GRADE users make optimal choices regarding their ratings of certainty of evidence using a minimally or partially contextualized approach. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Based on the GRADE clarification of certainty of evidence in 2017, a project group within the GRADE Working Group conducted iterative discussions and presentations at GRADE Working Group meetings to refine this construct and produce practical guidance...

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) causing neurogenic claudication (NC) is increasingly common with an aging population and can be associated with significant symptoms and functional limitations. We developed this guideline to present the evidence and provide clinical recommendations on non-surgical management of patients with LSS causing NC. Using the GRADE approach, a multidisciplinary guidelines panel based recommendations on evidence from a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews published through June 2019, or expert consensus...

The ICH S7B guideline describes the requirement to conduct an in vitro IKr (hERG) and in vivo QTc assay for human risk assessment of new drug products, but the guidance is devoid of recommendations on study execution or quality. In the absence of standard practice, multiple study designs and experimental approaches have been utilized, especially with the nonclinical QTc assay. Since 2009, our approach to the in vivo QTc assay has been consistent for small molecules and yields reproducible and sensitive levels for QTc signal detection...

Dengue fever has been included in the top ten global health threats announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) in early 2019. In some southern provinces of China, autochthonous outbreak have also been reported in the last decade. An unexpected large outbreak of dengue fever was reported in Xishuangbanna, a border area of China, Myanmar and Laos, in 2019. Among the 226 hospitalized cases, 90 were diagnosed with severe dengue according to the 2009 World Health Organization guidelines. Serotyping and Phylogenetic analyses of envelope gene sequences from 246 randomly selected samples showed that 3 serotypes dengue viruses co-circulating in this outbreak, which is very rare in this area...

BACKGROUND: Microneedling as an adjuvant to topical medications has shown promising but variable results in the treatment of melasma. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of topical therapy with microneedling in the treatment of melasma. METHODS: This study followed PRISMA guidelines. All comparative, prospective studies on the use of topical interventions with microneedling for the treatment of melasma were included...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the recommendations based on the early-onset sepsis (EOS) calculator in the first two years of its implementation in Israel. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective two-year surveillance of a cohort of infants born at gestational age (GA) ≥34 weeks in Bnai Zion Medical Center, who were evaluated using the EOS calculator because of peripartum risk factors. RESULTS: 1146 newborns with peripartum risk factors were evaluated using the EOS calculator...

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been recommended in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines. However, cisplatin is associated with poor patient compliance and has notable side-effects. Lobaplatin, a third-generation platinum drug, has shown promising antitumour activity against several malignancies with less toxicity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lobaplatin-based induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy over a cisplatin-based regimen in patients with locoregional, advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma...

BACKGROUND: Healthcare personnel (HCP) are at increased risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We posit current infection control guidelines generally protect HCP from SARS-CoV-2 infection in a healthcare setting. METHODS: In this retrospective case series, we use viral genomics to investigate the likely source of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCP at a major academic medical institution in the Upper Midwest of the United States between 25 March - 27 December, 2020...

BACKGROUND: Current intensive care unit (ICU) sedation guidelines recommend strategies using non-benzodiazepine sedatives. This survey was undertaken to explore inhaled ICU sedation practice in France. METHODS: In this national survey, medical directors of French adult ICUs were contacted by phone or email between July and August 2019. ICU medical directors were questioned about the characteristics of their department, their knowledge on inhaled sedation, and practical aspects of inhaled sedation use in their department...

The integration of emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) into maternal and newborn care is essential for its effectiveness to avert preventable maternal and newborn deaths in healthcare facilities. This study used a theory-oriented quantitative approach to document the reported extent of EmONC integration, and its relationship with EmONC training, guidelines availability and level of healthcare facility. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among five hundred and five (505) healthcare providers and facility managers across the three levels of healthcare delivery...