Concussion youth diagnosis

Coach and parent concussion education programs are essential for the prevention, diagnosis, management, and return to play of youth athletes. This systematic review examined the content and efficacy (changes in knowledge, impact on concussion incidence) of concussion education programs for coaches and parents of youth and high school athletes. Six databases were searched: SPORTDiscus, Academic Search Premiere, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Studies evaluated the use and/or efficacy of concussion education programs among coaches or parents of youth athletes...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether continuing to play after a concussion is associated with higher symptom burden or prolonged symptom duration. DESIGN: Patients who presented for care at a sport concussion clinic within the first 3 weeks of injury were asked whether they continued to play immediately after their injury. SETTING: Sport concussion clinic within a regional tertiary care hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical outcomes including symptom severity, symptom duration, age, time from injury-clinical presentation, sex, sport type, previous concussion history, and whether or not they experienced loss of consciousness or amnesia at the time of injury were recorded...

Sports-related concussions (SRC) are traumatic brain injuries induced as the result of a biomechanical force to the body that temporarily impair neurological functions. Not all traumatic impacts reach the threshold necessary to produce concussive symptoms; however, the culmination of these events is known as a subconcussive impact (SCI). Athletes who have been diagnosed with a SRC or those who accumulate multiple SCI have exhibited structural damage to the brain, impairments to learning and memory, and an increase in depressive symptoms...

The objective of this study was to evaluate concussion-like symptom reporting among uninjured adolescents with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stratified by several cooccurring conditions, and to examine the base rate and predictors of uninjured adolescents with ADHD meeting diagnostic criteria for the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) post-concussional syndrome (PCS). Participants in this cross-sectional, observational study, were drawn from a cohort of 48,834 adolescent student athletes from Maine (ages 13-18) with no concussion in the past 6 months who completed a preseason, baseline testing program between 2009 and 2015...

Background : Post-concussive depression describes an elevation of depressive symptoms following concussion that occurs in conjunction with other symptoms of concussion. Children with concussion are more likely to diagnosed with depression. The overlapping symptoms between clinical depression and concussion make the diagnosis of depression difficult. The purpose of this study is to explore how post-concussive depression relates to post-concussion symptoms and cognition by investigating symptom-reporting in youth with post-concussive depression and executive function...

OBJECTIVES: The Ice Hockey Summit III provided updated scientific evidence on concussions in hockey to inform these 5 objectives: (1) describe sport related concussion (SRC) epidemiology; (2) classify prevention strategies; (3) define objective, diagnostic tests; (4) identify treatment; and (5) integrate science and clinical care into prioritized action plans and policy. METHODS: Our action plan evolved from 40 scientific presentations. The 155 attendees (physicians, athletic trainers, physical therapists, nurses, neuropsychologists, scientists, engineers, coaches, and officials) voted to prioritize these action items in the final Summit session...

Patients with mTBI often show deficits in executive function and changes in neural activity. Similar changes in those with a history of mTBI (i.e. concussion), however, have not been consistently reported. Frontal theta-to-gamma frequency ratio has shown promise in EEG research in predicting performance on working memory tasks. In the present study we explored the sensitivity of the frontal theta-to-gamma relative power spectral density (PSD) ratio to the history of concussion in 81 youth athletes (18 with a history of concussion, ages 13-18) during the tests of the Nike Sensory Training Station that vary in working memory and processing speed demands and motor output requirements...

Background: The same trauma that produces concussion may also produce neck injury. The signs of concussion and neck injury are similar, and symptoms after acceleration-deceleration trauma to the head-neck complex do not accurately discriminate between them. Research on the epidemiology of neck injury among sport-concussed youth is sparse. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of diagnosed neck injury in non-sport-related concussion (Non-SRC) versus sport-related concussion (SRC) in youth by age, sex, and sport...

OBJECTIVE: To compare rates of injury and concussion among non-elite (lowest 60% by division of play) Bantam (ages 13-14 years) ice hockey leagues that disallow body checking to non-elite Bantam leagues that allow body checking. METHODS: In this 2-year cohort study, Bantam non-elite ice hockey players were recruited from leagues where policy allowed body checking in games (Calgary/Edmonton 2014-2015, Edmonton 2015-2016) and where policy disallowed body checking (Kelowna/Vancouver 2014-2015, Calgary 2015-2016)...

The forthcoming discussion will review the current state of the literature surrounding best practice guidelines for diagnosis of sports-related concussions on the sidelines. A sports-related concussive event is a complex process to define, which further increases its diagnostic process. At present there is no singular, gold-standard assessment tool available for the diagnosis of sports-related concussions on the sideline. Current best-practice recommendations suggest the utilization of a multifactorial examination process in a controlled environment...

Concussion has emerged as an important public health issue affecting thousands of Canadians annually. Health care providers including paediatricians, family and emergency medicine physicians, nurses, and nurse practitioners are commonly tasked with the responsibility of providing primary care to patients with acute concussion and those with persistent post-concussion symptoms. In July 2017, Parachute, in collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Canada and Sport Canada released the Canadian Guideline on Concussion in Sport that outlines a standardized and evidence-based approach to the recognition, diagnosis, and management of youth and adults with suspected concussion...

Mild traumatic brain injury, also known as concussion, is common in adults and youth and is a major health concern. Concussion is caused by direct or indirect external trauma to the head resulting in shear stress to brain tissue from rotational or angular forces. Concussion can affect a variety of clinical domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional or behavioral. Signs and symptoms are nonspecific; therefore, a temporal relationship between an appropriate mechanism of injury and symptom onset must be determined...

Concussion is a public health crisis affecting vulnerable populations including youth athletes. As awareness increases, more patients with acute concussion are seeking medical evaluations. Internists are frontline medical providers and thus should be able to identify, diagnose, manage, and know when to refer patients with concussion. Management of concussion includes rapid removal from play, symptomatic treatment, and return to learn/play recommendations. Inappropriate management may lead to recurrent concussions, prolonged recovery, and potential long-term consequences...

The Ice Hockey Summit III provided updated scientific evidence on concussions in hockey to inform these five objectives: 1) describe sport-related concussion (SRC) epidemiology, 2) classify prevention strategies, 3) define objective, diagnostic tests, 4) identify treatment, and 5) integrate science and clinical care into prioritized action plans and policy. Our action plan evolved from 40 scientific presentations. The 155 attendees (physicians, athletic trainers, physical therapists, nurses, neuropsychologists, scientists, engineers, coaches, and officials) voted to prioritize these action items in the final Summit session...

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with impulsive behavior and inattention, making it a potential risk factor for sport-related concussion (SRC). The objectives of this study were to determine whether ADHD is an antecedent risk factor for SRC and whether ADHD complicates recovery from SRC in youth athletes. Methods: Student athletes with a history of SRC were evaluated for the presence of ADHD using diagnostic interview and to determine whether ADHD symptoms began before or after SRC...

The study of contact and collision sport athletes at risk for concussion began approximately three decades ago. Since then, sport-related concussion (SRC) research across several medical specialties has helped to develop consensus guidelines for clinical management through interdisciplinary efforts. The modern landscape of SRC research includes large-scale investigations to define the natural history of concussion and identify factors that should guide prevention, diagnosis, and treatment specific to the individual patient...

A significant proportion of children and adolescents report psychological distress following concussion, but little is known about the predictors of these problems. The purpose of this study was to examine predictive factors of psychological distress following pediatric concussion. It was hypothesized that the presence of pre-injury psychological distress would be the strongest predictor of psychological distress post-concussion, with other demographic and acute injury factors adding incrementally to prediction...

Learning about concussion diagnosis and management is important for all individuals who will be taking care of young athletes. There are about 1.7million reported concussions per year, and, of these, about 20% are sports related. There are risks in all sports, but the highest rates of concussions are from football, rugby, and hockey, with soccer being the highest cause for girls. An on-field assessment includes evaluating airway, breathing, and circulation, followed by cervical spine assessment. Then, concussion evaluation tools can be used to aid in making the diagnosis...

This study longitudinally assessed 10- to 14-year-old patients with sports and recreational concussion (n = 22) who remained symptomatic 3 to 4weeks post-injury compared with typically developing controls (n = 24). Examination by multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multi-domain clinical outcome measures was completed at 1-month and 6-months post-injury. Concussion patients showed evidence of improvement by 6-month follow-up in domains of cognitive function, whereas measures of psychological health were less resolved with patients exhibiting sustained symptoms of depression, behavior impairment, and concussion symptoms...

CONTEXT: Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common and poorly understood injury. Neuroimaging indexes brain injury and outcome after pediatric mTBI, but remains largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in neuroimaging findings in children/youth with mTBI. Measures of behavior, symptoms, time since injury, and age at injury were also considered. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review was conducted up to July 6, 2016...