keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37371198/the-applicability-of-a-2-transcript-signature-to-identify-bacterial-infections-in-children-with-febrile-neutropenia
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johannes Aasa, Eva Tiselius, Indranil Sinha, Gunnar Edman, Martina Wahlund, Shanie Saghafian Hedengren, Anna Nilsson, Anna Berggren
Febrile neutropenia is a common complication during chemotherapy in paediatric cancer care. In this setting, clinical features and current diagnostic tests do not reliably distinguish between bacterial and viral infections. Children with cancer (n = 63) presenting with fever and neutropenia were recruited for extensive microbiological and blood RNA sampling. RNA sequencing was successful in 43 cases of febrile neutropenia. These were classified as having probable bacterial infection (n = 17), probable viral infection (n = 13) and fever of unknown origin (n = 13) based on microbiological defined infections and CRP cut-off levels...
May 29, 2023: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37268527/consensus-document-on-the-management-of-febrile-neutropenia-in-paediatric-haematology-and-oncology-patients-of-the-spanish-society-of-pediatric-infectious-diseases-seip-and-the-spanish-society-of-pediatric-hematology-and-oncology-sehop
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leticia Martínez Campos, Paula Pérez-Albert, Laia Ferres Ramis, Elena María Rincón-López, Natalia Mendoza-Palomar, Pere Soler-Palacin, David Aguilera-Alonso
Febrile neutropenia is one of the main infectious complications experienced by paediatric patients with blood or solid tumours, which, despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment, are still associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. These patients have several risk factors for infection, chief of which are chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, the disruption of cutaneous and mucosal barriers and the use of intravascular devices. Early diagnosis and treatment of febrile neutropenia episodes based on the patient's characteristics is essential in patients with blood and solid tumours to improve their outcomes...
May 31, 2023: Anales de pediatría
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37193639/hax1-related-congenital-neutropenia-long-term-observation-in-paediatric-and-adult-patients-enrolled-in-the-european-branch-of-the-severe-chronic-neutropenia-international-registry-scnir
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Denys Pogozhykh, Deniz Yilmaz Karapinar, Maksim Klimiankou, Natali Gerschmann, Georg Ebetsberger-Dachs, Jan Palmblad, Göran Carlsson, Tania Masmas, Sally Kinsey, Marije Bartels, Sabine Mellor-Heineke, Karl Welte, Julia Skokowa, Cornelia Zeidler
HAX1-related congenital neutropenia (HAX1-CN) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the HAX1 gene. HAX1-CN patients suffer from bone marrow failure as assessed by a maturation arrest of the myelopoiesis revealing persistent severe neutropenia from birth. The disorder is strongly associated with severe bacterial infections and a high risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukaemia. This study aimed to describe the long-term course of the disease, the treatment, outcome and quality of life in patients with homozygous HAX1 mutations reported to the European branch of the Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry...
July 2023: British Journal of Haematology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37118811/paediatric-autoimmune-diseases-with-elane-mutations-associated-with-neutropenia
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan Zhang, Gaixiu Su, Sheng Hao, Jianming Lai, Shunqiao Feng
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics of autoimmune diseases in children with ELANE mutations. METHODS: Three cases of children with ELANE mutations manifesting as autoimmune diseases, who were under treatment from April 2020 to May 2021, were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: Among the three children, two were boys aged 15 years and 22 months (cases 1 and 3) respectively, and the other one was a 22-month-old girl (case 2). All the cases had recurrent infections...
April 28, 2023: Pediatric Rheumatology Online Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37105712/recommended-doses-of-endovenous-vancomycin-are-insufficient-to-achieve-therapeutic-concentrations-in-paediatric-patients
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irene Aguilo Lafarga, María Pérez Moreno, Elena Herranz Bayo, Miriam Merchante Andreu, Rafael Huarte Lacunza
OBJECTIVES: Vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring is challenging, especially in the paediatric population where evidence is scarce. The main objective of this study was to analyse the achievement of therapeutic concentrations of vancomycin in paediatric patients and to evaluate the current monitoring method (trough levels), doses used, and the time required to achieve target concentrations. METHODS: Paediatric patients on treatment and monitored with vancomycin from November 2019 to December 2021 were included...
April 27, 2023: European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. Science and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37010537/systematic-literature-review-on-the-effectiveness-and-safety-of-paediatric-hospital-at-home-care-as-a-substitute-for-hospital-care
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jens Detollenaere, Ingrid Van Ingelghem, Koen Van den Heede, Joan Vlayen
The hospital landscape is shifting to new care models to meet current challenges in demand, technology, available budgets and staffing. These challenges also apply to the paediatric population, leading to a reduction in paediatric hospital beds and occupancy rates. Paediatric hospital-at-home (HAH) care is used to substitute hospital care in an attempt to bring hospital services closer to children's homes. In addition, these models attempt to avoid fragmentation of care between hospitals and the community. An important prerequisite for this paediatric HAH care is that it is safe and at least as effective as standard hospital care...
April 3, 2023: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36921630/comparative-effectiveness-and-safety-of-antibiotic-prophylaxis-during-induction-chemotherapy-in-children-with-acute-leukaemia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#27
REVIEW
M Yang, X Lu, L Xin, J Luo, S Diao, Z Jia, G Cheng, L Zeng, L Zhang
BACKGROUND: Bacterial infections are common during induction therapy in children and adolescents with acute leukaemia and may cause infection-related mortality. AIM: To determine the efficacy and safety of prophylactic antibiotics in paediatric patients with acute leukaemia receiving induction chemotherapy. METHODS: From three English databases and four Chinese databases, we searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that compared prophylactic antibiotics to placebo, no prophylaxis, or that compared one antibiotic versus another in paediatric patients with acute leukaemia undergoing induction chemotherapy...
June 2023: Journal of Hospital Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36765895/alarming-upward-trend-in-multidrug-resistant-bacteria-in-a-large-cohort-of-immunocompromised-children-a-four-year-comparative-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana-Raluca Mihalcea, Nathalie Garnier, Cécile Faure-Conter, Nicolas Rama, Cécile Renard, Sarah Benezech, Yves Bertrand, Christine Fuhrmann, Carine Domenech
Documenting bacteremia at the onset of fever in immunosuppressed children is challenging; therefore, it leads to the early administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. We aimed to analyse the evolution of antibiotic resistance profiles of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI) and gut colonisations in a large cohort of immunocompromised children carrying a central venous catheter, in comparison with a prior, similar study conducted in our centre from 2014 to 2017. A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2021, in a tertiary centre for paediatric immuno-haematology and oncology...
February 2, 2023: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36655955/gentamicin-serum-concentration-measurement-in-children
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karolina Teresa Maulen Grodås, Henrik Døllner, Christian Magnus Thaulow, Per Kristian Knudsen, Anders Tønnessen, Mari Skeibrok, Claus Klingenberg
BACKGROUND: Gentamicin is often used to treat serious paediatric infections. It has been standard practice in Norway to measure the serum concentration of gentamicin immediately prior to the second or third dose (pre-dose [trough] concentration) to assess the risk of toxicity. The clinical significance of such measurements in children has not previously been evaluated in Norway. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study of routine pre-dose samples obtained for the measurement of serum gentamicin in paediatric patients aged 1 month to 17 years at four hospitals in Norway...
January 17, 2023: Tidsskrift for Den Norske Lægeforening: Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Række
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36600323/can-i-go-home-now-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-a-new-uk-paediatric-febrile-neutropenia-protocol-for-risk-stratified-early-discharge-on-oral-antibiotics
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas John Jackson, Rachel Napper, Gabrielle M Haeusler, Barry Pizer, Jessica Bate, Richard G Grundy, Sujith Samarasinghe, Paola Angelini, Ashley Ball-Gamble, Bob Phillips, Jessica Elizabeth Morgan
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a new protocol of risk stratification and early discharge for children with febrile neutropenia (FN). DESIGN: Prospective service evaluation from 17 April 2020 to 16 April 2021. SETTING: 13 specialist centres in the UK. PATIENTS: 405 children presenting with FN. INTERVENTION: All children received intravenous antibiotics at presentation. Risk stratification was determined using the Australian-UK-Swiss (AUS) rule and eligibility for homecare assessed using criteria including disease, chemotherapy, presenting features and social factors...
March 2023: Archives of Disease in Childhood
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36529811/laboratory-safety-from-a-randomized-16-week-phase-iii-study-of-dupilumab-in-children-aged-6-months-to-5-years-with-moderate-to-severe-atopic-dermatitis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy S Paller, Elaine C Siegfried, Michael J Cork, Andreas Wollenberg, Peter D Arkwright, Mercedes E Gonzalez, Benjamin Lockshin, Zhen Chen, Ashish Bansal, Noah A Levit, Randy Prescilla
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies of dupilumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adults and adolescents, and severe atopic dermatitis in children aged 6 to < 12 years demonstrate no clinically important changes in laboratory parameters. The objective of this study was to assess laboratory outcomes in children aged 6 months to < 6 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab. METHODS: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of dupilumab, 161 children aged 6 months to < 6 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis were enrolled from 31 sites in Europe and North America and randomized 1:1 to receive subcutaneous placebo or dupilumab (5 kg to < 15 kg: 200 mg; 15 kg to < 30 kg: 300 mg) every 4 weeks plus topical corticosteroids for 16 weeks...
December 19, 2022: Paediatric Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36524023/management-and-outcome-of-febrile-neutropenia-in-admitted-presumed-immunocompetent-patients-with-suspected-viral-illness
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Estelle M Morin, Catherine Corriveau-Bourque, Jessica L Foulds
OBJECTIVES: Febrile neutropenia (FN) creates concern in paediatrics due to the risk of serious bacterial infections (SBI). Protocols with empiric antibiotics designed for hematology and oncology are often applied in healthy children with FN despite lower rates of SBI in this population. This study quantifies rates of infections in presumed immunocompetent children hospitalized with suspected viral illnesses and FN. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review of healthy children admitted to the Stollery Children's Hospital between 2007 and 2017 with fever, absolute neutrophil counts < 0...
December 2022: Paediatrics & Child Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36426672/liposomal-amphotericin-b-the-present
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Maertens, L Pagano, E Azoulay, A Warris
Most invasive fungal infections are opportunistic in nature but the epidemiology is constantly changing, with new risk groups being identified. Neutropenia is a classical risk factor for fungal infections, while critically ill patients in the ICU are now increasingly at risk of yeast and mould infections. Factors to be considered when choosing antifungal treatment include the emergence of rarer fungal pathogens, the risk of resistance to azoles and echinocandins and the possibility of drug-drug interactions...
November 25, 2022: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36220257/time-to-antibiotics-tta-in-paediatric-patients-with-fever-in-the-setting-of-neutropenia
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anosha Jabeen Butt, Fareeha Kanwal, Haroon Hafeez, Khawaja Shehryar Nasir, Wajeeha Abrar, Marrium Munawar, Samran Yaqub
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2022: Clinical Medicine: Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36074910/premature-ovarian-insufficiency-in-clpb-deficiency-transcriptomic-proteomic-and-phenotypic-insights
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena J Tucker, Megan J Baker, Daniella H Hock, Julia T Warren, Sylvie Jaillard, Katrina M Bell, Rajini Sreenivasan, Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh, Chloe A Hanna, Nikeisha J Caruana, Saskia B Wortmann, Shamima Rahman, Robert D S Pitceathly, Jean Donadieu, Aurelia Alimi, Vincent Launay, Paul Coppo, Sophie Christin-Maitre, Gorjana Robevska, Jocelyn van den Bergen, Brianna L Kline, Katie L Ayers, Phoebe N Stewart, David A Stroud, Diana Stojanovski, Andrew H Sinclair
CONTEXT: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common form of female infertility that most often presents as an isolated condition but can be part of various genetic syndromes. Early diagnosis and treatment of POI can minimise co-morbidity and improve health outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To determine the genetic cause of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), intellectual disability, neutropenia and cataracts. METHODS: We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by functional validation via RT-PCR, RNAseq and quantitative proteomics, as well as clinical update of previously reported patients with variants in the CaseinoLytic Peptidase B (CLPB) gene...
September 8, 2022: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36054491/prevalence-and-outcome-of-lymphopenia-in-the-paediatric-intensive-care-unit-a-prospective-observational-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karthi Nallasamy, Aidan Magee, K Johnny Millar, Trevor Duke
AIM: Leukopenia (lymphopenia or neutropenia) may be an important marker of altered immunity and risk in children with critical illness. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, course, and outcome of leukopenia in children admitted to Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). METHODS: All consecutive children (n = 200) admitted to PICU for any reason except malignancy or pre-existing immune deficiency were enrolled during June-August 2018. RESULTS: Median (interquartile range) age was 2...
December 2022: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36053620/panther-cub-procalcitonin-guided-antibiotic-therapy-for-febrile-neutropenia-in-children-and-young-people-with-cancer-a-single-arm-pilot-study
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Elizabeth Morgan, Bob Phillips
BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common complication of cancer treatment in children and young people, and many episodes are over-treated. Procalcitonin, may be an appropriate tool to guide the stopping of antibiotics in those at low risk of serious bacterial infection. Supportive care trials in this population have proven to be difficult to undertake. This single-arm pilot study aimed to evaluate whether a study using a procalcitonin-guided stopping-rule for antibiotics in paediatric FN is possible...
March 2022: BMJ Paediatrics Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36031722/non-neutropenic-fever-in-children-with-cancer-management-outcomes-and-clinical-decision-rule-validation
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Walker, Adam J Esbenshade, Stephanie Dale, Kanika Bhatia, Zhiguo Zhao, Franz E Babl, Rachel Conyers, Gabrielle M Haeusler
INTRODUCTION: Fever and infection are an important complication of childhood cancer therapy. Most research and guideline development has focussed on febrile neutropenia, with a paucity directed at non-neutropenic fever (NNF). We describe the clinical presentation, management and outcomes of NNF in children with cancer, and externally validate the Esbenshade Vanderbilt (EsVan) clinical decision rules (CDR) to predict bacteraemia. METHOD: Using a prospective database, retrospective data were collected on consecutive NNF episodes (fever ≥38...
December 2022: Pediatric Blood & Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35602885/blood-transcriptomics-identifies-immune-signatures-indicative-of-infectious-complications-in-childhood-cancer-patients-with-febrile-neutropenia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabrielle M Haeusler, Alexandra L Garnham, Connie Sn Li-Wai-Suen, Julia E Clark, Franz E Babl, Zoe Allaway, Monica A Slavin, Francoise Mechinaud, Gordon K Smyth, Bob Phillips, Karin A Thursky, Marc Pellegrini, Marcel Doerflinger
Objectives: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a major cause of treatment disruption and unplanned hospitalization in childhood cancer patients. This study investigated the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children with cancer and FN to identify potential predictors of serious infection. Methods: Whole-genome transcriptional profiling was conducted on PBMCs collected during episodes of FN in children with cancer at presentation to the hospital (Day 1; n  = 73) and within 8-24 h (Day 2; n  = 28) after admission...
2022: Clinical & Translational Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35438187/single-dose-4-5-mg-m-2-gemtuzumab-ozogamicin-in-combination-with-fludarabine-cytarabine-and-anthracycline-as-reinduction-therapy-in-relapsed-or-refractory-paediatric-acute-myeloid-leukaemia
#40
MULTICENTER STUDY
Chloé Dhunputh, Marion Strullu, Arnaud Petit, Maria Merched, Marlène Pasquet, Saba Azarnoush, Guy Leverger, Stéphane Ducassou
Despite major therapeutic improvements, children with relapsed/refractory Acute Myeloid Leukaemia still have poor outcomes and overall survival does not exceed 40%. New treatments are required to improve their outcome; Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), an anti-CD33 immunoconjugate antibody, is a potent cytotoxic agent whose efficacy has been demonstrated mainly in adults. The main objective of this retrospective multicentre study was to assess the outcome of children treated, between February 2008 and August 2019, with GO at a single 4...
July 2022: British Journal of Haematology
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