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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangmei Sun, Jiaojiao Chen, Yan Zou, Jiahao Lei, Weizong Liu
BACKGROUND: Benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) represent a prevalent clinical challenge globally, with various ultrasound-guided ablation techniques developed for their management. Despite the availability of these methods, a comprehensive evaluation to identify the most effective technique remains absent. This study endeavors to bridge this knowledge gap through a network meta-analysis (NMA), aiming to enhance the understanding of the comparative effectiveness of different ultrasound-guided ablation methods in treating BTNs...
May 3, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
#2
REVIEW
Parth U Thakker, Maxwell Sandberg, Ashok K Hemal, Alejandro R Rodriguez
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Salvage robot assisted radical prostatectomy (sRARP) is performed for patients with biochemical or biopsy proven, localized prostate cancer recurrences after radiation or ablative therapies. Traditionally, sRARP has been avoided by lower volume surgeons due to technical demand and high complication rates. Post-radiation sRARP outcomes studies exist but remain few in number. With increasing use of whole gland and focal ablative therapies, updates on sRARP in this setting are needed...
May 3, 2024: International Braz J Urol: Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rakesh K Chawla, Mahendra Kumar, Arun Madan, Raja Dhar, Richa Gupta, Dipti Gothi, Unnati Desai, Manoj Goel, Rajesh Swarankar, Amita Nene, Radha Munje, Dhruv Chaudhary, Randeep Guleria, Vijay Hadda, Vivek Nangia, Girish Sindhwani, Rajesh Chawla, Naveen Dutt, Yuvarajan, Sonia Dalal, Shailendra Nath Gaur, Subodh Katiyar, Jai Kumar Samaria, K B Gupta, Parvaiz A Koul, Suryakant, D J Christopher, Dhrubajyoti Roy, Basant Hazarika, Shanti Kumar Luhadia, Anand Jaiswal, Karan Madan, Prem Parkash Gupta, B N B M Prashad, Nasser Yusuf, Prince James, Amit Dhamija, Veerotam Tomar, Ujjwal Parakh, Ajmal Khan, Rakesh Garg, Sheetu Singh, Vinod Joshi, Nikhil Sarangdhar, Sushmita Roy Chaudhary, Sandeep Nayar, Anand Patel, Mansi Gupta, Rama Kant Dixit, Sushil Jain, Pratibha Gogia, Manish Agarwal, Sandeep Katiyar, Aditya Chawla, Hari Kishan Gonuguntala, Ravi Dosi, Vijya Chinnamchetty, Apar Jindal, Shubham Sharma, Vaibhav Chachra, Utsav Samaria, Avinash Nair, Shruti Mohan, Gargi Maitra, Ashish Sinha, Rishabh Kochar, Ajit Yadav, Gaurav Choudhary, M Arunachalam, Amith Rangarajan, Ganesh Sanjan
Medical Thoracoscopy (MT) is commonly performed by respiratory physicians for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based information regarding all aspects of MT, both as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic aid for pulmonologists across India. The consensus-based guidelines were formulated based on a multistep process using a set of 31 questions. A systematic search of published randomized controlled clinical trials, open labelled studies, case reports and guidelines from electronic databases, like PubMed, EmBase and Cochrane, was performed...
March 1, 2024: Lung India: Official Organ of Indian Chest Society
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jagat Narula, Thomas D Stuckey, Gaku Nakazawa, Amir Ahmadi, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Kersten Petersen, Saba Mirza, Nicholas Ng, Sarah Mullen, Michiel Schaap, Jonathan Leipsic, Campbell Rogers, Charles A Taylor, Harout Yacoub, Himanshu Gupta, Hitoshi Matsuo, Sarah Rinehart, Akiko Maehara
AIMS: Coronary computed tomography angiography provides noninvasive assessment of coronary stenosis severity and flow impairment. Automated artificial intelligence analysis may assist in precise quantification and characterization of coronary atherosclerosis, enabling patient-specific risk determination and management strategies. This multicenter international study compared an automated deep-learning-based method for segmenting coronary atherosclerosis in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) against the reference standard of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)...
May 3, 2024: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging
#5
REVIEW
Kamini Jain, Claire E Wainwright, Alan R Smyth
BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and treatment of lower respiratory tract infections is the mainstay of management of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). When sputum samples are unavailable, diagnosis relies mainly on cultures from oropharyngeal specimens; however, there are concerns about whether this approach is sensitive enough to identify lower respiratory organisms. Bronchoscopy and related procedures such as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are invasive but allow the collection of lower respiratory specimens from non-sputum producers...
May 3, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Majaliwa Shabani, Seydina Alioune Beye, Abdoulaye Traore, Pablo Echave, Xavier Raingeval, Daouda Coulibaly, Sophie Crespo
PURPOSE: The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN) block is used in regional anesthesia for lower extremity surgery. This study introduces a new ultrasound-guided technique called the "Gluteus-Deep Investing Fascia compartment Block (GDIF block)" for blocking the PFCN. This approach involves injecting local anesthetic into the potential space between the gluteus maximus muscle and the deep investing fascia, named the 'Gluteus Deep Investing Fascia Compartment'. The study discusses the anatomical and sonographic features crucial for identifying this compartment and explores the potential benefits of this approach for achieving effective PFCN block...
2024: Local and Regional Anesthesia
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikhael Giabicani, Pauline Joly, Stéphanie Sigaut, Clara Timsit, Pauline Devauchelle, Fédérica Dondero, François Durand, Pierre Antoine Froissant, Myriam Lamamri, Audrey Payancé, Aymeric Restoux, Olivier Roux, Tristan Thibault-Sogorb, Shantha Ram Valainathan, Mickaël Lesurtel, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Emmanuel Weiss
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Major bleeding events during orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are associated with poor outcomes. The proportion of this risk related to portal hypertension is unclear. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard for estimating portal hypertension. The aim of this study was to analyze the ability of HVPG to predict intraoperative major bleeding events during OLT in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a prospective database including all patients with cirrhosis who underwent OLT between 2010 and 2020 and had liver and right heart catheterizations as part of their pre-transplant assessment...
June 2024: JHEP reports: innovation in hepatology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chunjie Xiang, Yixuan Sun, Yong Luo, Cong Xie, Weikun Huang, Karen L Jones, Michael Horowitz, Zilin Sun, Christopher K Rayner, Jianhua Ma, Tongzhi Wu
AIM: To evaluate sex differences in gastric emptying and the glycaemic response to a glucose drink and a high carbohydrate meal in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: In cohort 1, 70 newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve Chinese patients with T2D (44 men) recruited from a diabetes outpatient clinic ingested a 75-g glucose drink containing 150 mg 13 C-acetate. In cohort 2, 101 Australian patients with T2D (67 male) recruited from the community, managed by diet and/or metformin monotherapy, ingested a semi-solid mashed potato meal, labelled with 100 μl 13 C-octanoic acid...
May 2, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuanhong He, Minxun Lu, Chang Zou, Zhuangzhuang Li, Taojun Gong, Guy Romeo Kenmegne, Yitian Wang, Yi Luo, Yong Zhou, Li Min, Chongqi Tu
BACKGROUND: Talar malignant tumor is extremely rare. Currently, there are several alternative management options for talus malignant tumor including below-knee amputation, tibio-calcaneal arthrodesis, and homogenous bone transplant while their shortcomings limited the clinical application. Three-dimensional (3D) printed total talus prosthesis in talus lesion was reported as a useful method to reconstruct talus, however, most researches are case reports and its clinical effect remains unclear...
May 2, 2024: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olivia Wills, Brooklyn Wright, Lisa-Marie Greenwood, Nadia Solowij, Mark Schira, Jerome J Maller, Alok Gupta, John Magnussen, Yasmine Probst
BACKGROUND: Limited studies of multiple sclerosis (MS) exist whereby magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with consistent imaging protocols occurs at the same time points as collection of healthy lifestyle measures. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of acquiring MRI data as an objective, diagnostic and prognostic marker of MS, at the same time point as brain-healthy lifestyle measures including diet. METHODS: Participants living with relapsing remitting MS partook in one structural MRI scanning session of the brain, completed two online 24-hour dietary recalls and demographic and self-reported lifestyle questionnaires (e...
May 2, 2024: Pilot and Feasibility Studies
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahiro Tsuburai, Satoshi Tanaka, Yuko Komase, Baku Oyama, Hiromi Muraoka, Yusuke Shinozaki, Kazuhiro Nishiyama, Junko Ueno Shibuya, Yoshihiro Nishi, Yu Numata, Naoya Hida, Masamichi Mineshita, Takeo Inoue
BACKGROUND: In western Yokohama, our hospital and primary care clinics manage adults with asthma via a coordinated care system. We investigated the changes in the fractional expired nitric oxide (FeNO), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1 ), and forced oscillation technique (FOT) parameters over 3 years in a cohort of patients in our collaborative system. METHODS: From 288 adults with well controlled asthma managed under the Yokohama Seibu Hospital coordinated care system between January 2009 and May 2018, we selected 99 subjects to undergo spirometry, FeNO and FOT testing over 3 years and analyzed the changes in these parameters...
May 2, 2024: BMC Pulmonary Medicine
#12
REVIEW
Lebo F Gafane-Matemane, Ashleigh Craig, Ruan Kruger, Omotayo S Alaofin, Lisa J Ware, Erika S W Jones, Andre Pascal Kengne
Recent global and regional reports consistently confirm the high and increasing prevalence of hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with poor detection, treatment, and control rates. This narrative review summarises the burden of hypertension in SSA and recent findings from community-based hypertension management strategies. We further outline prominent risk factors according to recent data and associated underlying mechanisms for hypertension development. An extensive review of literature showed that most countries have reported on the prevalence of hypertension during 2017-2023, despite limitations linked to the lack of nationally representative studies, heterogeneity of sampling and data collection methods...
May 2, 2024: Journal of Human Hypertension
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher E Brightling, Marco Caminati, Jean-Pierre Llanos, Scott Caveney, Ales Kotalik, Janet M Griffiths, Anna Lundahl, Elliot Israel, Ian D Pavord, Michael E Wechsler, Celeste Porsbjerg, Jonathan Corren, Monika Gołąbek, Neil Martin, Sandhia Ponnarambil
BACKGROUND: Long-term tezepelumab treatment in the DESTINATION study (NCT03706079) resulted in reduced asthma exacerbations, reduced biomarker levels and improved lung function and symptom control in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. OBJECTIVE: To explore time course of changes in biomarkers and clinical manifestations following treatment cessation after 2 years of tezepelumab treatment. METHODS: DESTINATION was a two-year, phase 3, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of tezepelumab treatment in patients (12-80 years old) with severe asthma...
April 30, 2024: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hua-Chieh Shao, Tielige Mengke, Tinsu Pan, You Zhang
Dynamic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) can capture high-spatial-resolution, time-varying images for motion monitoring, patient setup, and adaptive planning of radiotherapy. However, dynamic CBCT reconstruction is an extremely ill-posed spatiotemporal inverse problem, as each CBCT volume in the dynamic sequence is only captured by one or a few X-ray projections, due to the slow gantry rotation speed and the fast anatomical motion (e.g., breathing). 
Approach: We developed a machine learning-based technique, prior-model-free spatiotemporal implicit neural representation (PMF-STINR), to reconstruct dynamic CBCTs from sequentially acquired X-ray projections...
May 2, 2024: Physics in Medicine and Biology
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takashi Tokunaga, Riku Hamada, Tomohiro Inoguchi, Chikako Terano, Naoaki Mikami, Ryoko Harada, Yuko Hamasaki, Kenji Ishikura, Hiroshi Hataya, Masataka Honda
BACKGROUND: The standard rate of sodium removal in adult anuric patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is 7.5 g/L of ultrafiltration volume (UFV). Although automated PD (APD) is widely used in pediatric patients, no attempt has yet been made to estimate sodium removal in APD. METHODS: The present, retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients with APD who were managed at Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center between July 2010 and November 2017...
May 2, 2024: Pediatric Nephrology
#16
REVIEW
Luigi Vetrugno, Cristian Deana, Nicolas Colaianni-Alfonso, Fabrizio Tritapepe, Carmen Fierro, Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore
The application of preoperative noninvasive respiratory support (NRS) has been expanding with increasing recognition of its potential role in this setting as a physiological optimization for patients with a high risk of developing atelectasis and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC). The increased availability of high-performance anesthesia ventilator machines providing an easy way for NRS support in patients with reduced lung function should not be under-evaluated. This support can reduce hypoxia, restore lung volumes and theoretically reduce atelectasis formation after general anesthesia...
2024: Frontiers in Medicine
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mortada Elsayed, Mohamed I Amer, Rania Gamal, Aly Haggag, Ahmed R Mashaly, Tamer El Absi, Walaa Elsayed
INTRODUCTION: The uterine cavity is a potential space with limited methods for evaluating its volume, limiting the evaluation of interventions' effectiveness in various uterine conditions. This study aims to objectively measure the uterine cavity volume using sonohysterography coupled with a Foley catheter to provide a normative model of age and parity-related uterine cavity volume. METHODS: The research included 35 women (group 1) with a total abdominal hysterectomy and 150 women (group 2) who underwent sonohysterography for various gynecologic indications...
May 2024: Ultrasound: Journal of the British Medical Ultrasound Society
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fan Xu, Juming Ma, Wei Wang, Hongjun Li
BACKGROUND: Despite the widespread adoption of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in managing HIV, the virus's impact on the brain structure of patients remains significant. This study aims to longitudinally explore the persistent effects of HIV on brain structure, focusing on changes in gray matter volume (GMV) and structural covariance network (SCN) among patients at the Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment (ANI) stage. METHODS: This research involved 45 HIV patients diagnosed with ANI and 45 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs)...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kshipra Devadiga, Khanak K Nandolia, Mahendra Singh, Pankaj Sharma, Udit Chauhan, Ravi Kant
Background The most crucial step in the management of type 2 diabetes is identifying its pathogenesis and progression. Fat accumulation in the pancreas and decreased parenchymal volume can influence pancreatic function due to insulin resistance or β-cell dysfunction. This study aims to find out the difference in pancreatic volume and fat content by using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) between normal subjects and patients with different durations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)...
January 2024: Avicenna Journal of Medicine
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oyovwi Mega Obukohwo, Benneth Ben-Azu, Eze Kingsley Nwangwa, Ejiro Peggy Ohwin, John C Igweh, Ezekiel Adeogun Adetomiwa
Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs used for managing psychotic related disorders owing to its dopamine receptor blocking action. However, pharmacological investigations against CPZ's cytotoxic effect have remained scarce. Hence, this study investigated the preventive and reversal effects of taurine and coenzyme-Q10 (COQ-10), which are compounds with proven natural antioxidant properties, against CPZ-induced hematological impairments in male rats. In the preventive study, rats received oral saline (10 ml/kg), taurine (150 mg/kg/day), COQ-10 (10 mg/kg/day) or in combination for 56 days, alongside CPZ (30 mg/kg, p...
June 2024: Toxicology Reports
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