ureter stone

A kidney stone is a solid formation that can lead to kidney failure, severe pain, and reduced quality of life from urinary system blockages. While medical experts can interpret kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) X-ray images, specific images pose challenges for human detection, requiring significant analysis time. Consequently, developing a detection system becomes crucial for accurately classifying KUB X-ray images. This article applies a transfer learning (TL) model with a pre-trained VGG16 empowered with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to establish a system that takes KUB X-ray images and accurately categorizes them as kidney stones or normal cases...

BACKGROUND: Use of ureteral stents has become an integral part of urological practice. However, it also brought with it many complications. Double J (DJ) stent knotting is a rare stent complication, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Although the exact cause is unknown and, in the literature, it is generally thought that knots occur due to traction. In this case report we present for the first time that spontaneous knots can occur due to ureteral peristalsis or ureteral anomalies...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the metabolic and clinical characteristics of adult cases with stone disease from a regional part of Türkiye. METHODS: The study included 2348 adult patients with sonography and/or computed tomography-proven urinary stones. All cases were given a questionnaire about the epidemiological features of urolithiasis. Aside from the type and severity of stoneforming risk factors, both patient (age, gender, BMI, associated comorbidities, first onset of stone disease, positive family history, educational level) and stone-related (size, number, location, chemical composition, previous stone attacks) factors have been thoroughly assessed...

Flexible ureterolithotripsy is a frequent urological procedure, usually used to remove stones from the kidney and upper ureter. Reusable uretero-scopes were the standard tool for that procedure, but recent concerns related to sterility and maintenance and repair costs created the opportunity to develop new technologies. In 2016, the first single-use digital flexible ureteroscope was introduced. Since then, other single-use ureteroscopes were developed, and studies compared them with the reusable ureteroscopes with conflicting results...

The lifetime incidence of kidney stones is 6%-12% in the general population. Nephrolithiasis is a known cause of acute and chronic kidney injury, mediated via obstructive uropathy or crystal-induced nephropathy, and several modifiable and non-modifiable genetic and lifestyle causes have been described. Evidence for epidemiology and management of nephrolithiasis after kidney transplantation is limited by a low number of publications, small study sizes and short observational periods. Denervation of the kidney and ureter graft greatly reduces symptomatology of kidney stones in transplant recipients, which may contribute to a considerable underdiagnosis...

11-year-old otherwise healthy female presented with renal colic and during computed tomography (CT) imaging evaluation, she was found to have a right distal ureteral stone with associated hydroureteronephrosis, medially deviated ureter, and 4 cm solid retroperitoneal mass. The mass was palpable on physical exam and was further categorized with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and laboratory testing. A multidisciplinary team approach including pediatric surgery, radiology, oncology, and urology led to the patient undergoing a right retrograde pyelogram, ureteroscopy with stent placement, and laparoscopic excision of retroperitoneal mass...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography and kidney ureter bladder radiography(KUB) for the determination of stone free status of retrograde intrarenal surgery(RIRS) according to different stone free status definitions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients who underwent RIRS between September 2021 and September 2022 were prospectively included in the study. All patients underwent a KUB radiography, urinary system ultrasonography and non-contrast abdominal tomography(NCCT) at the postoperative first month of the surgery...

Augmentation cystoplasty (AC) is an effective surgical procedure for patients with neurogenic bladder whenever conservative treatments have failed. The present study aimed to determine the risks of metabolic complications, malignancy, long-term outcomes and histopathologic changes of native bladder and the augmented intestine after AC in children with neurogenic bladder. Pediatric patients < 18 years who underwent AC between 2000 and 2020 were enrolled. Early postoperative complications, long-term outcomes and histopathologic changes in mucosal biopsies of native bladder and the augmented intestine after AC were reviewed...

Ureteral endometriosis is rare and can be a silent clinical entity, which can potentially lead to serious complications such as obstructive uropathy, sepsis and renal failure. A high clinical suspicion is required especially in childbearing age groups due to non-specific presentation such as renal colic, recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), renal failure or asymptomatic hydronephrosis.A woman in her 40s presented with febrile UTI and flank pain. She reportedly suffered from recurrent UTIs in the past. Initial workup revealed an infected, obstructed left renal collecting system with gross hydronephrosis and hydroureter to the distal ureter on a significant gynaecological background of severe endometriosis requiring hysterectomy in the past...

The possible role of well-assessed radiological parameters in the prediction of ureteral stricture formation in cases with impacted obstructive ureteral calculi has been evaluated. 46 adult patients with or without ureteral stricture formation after ureteroscopic stone management were included. In addition to stone size and some certain radiological parameters including ureteral wall thickness (UWT) of the involved ureter at the impacted stone site was also measured and noted on computed tomography (CT) images...

Objective: Ureteroscopy (URS) is a commonly used procedure for the management of ureteral stones. While elective URS has been extensively studied, the literature on emergency URS remains limited. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy and safeness of URS performed in emergency settings and to determine the ideal candidates for this type of intervention. Methods: Patients who underwent URS for ureteral stones in a single healthcare unit, "Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, were included in a retrospective investigation between April 2022 and March 2023...

To develop a fully automatic urinary stone detection system (kidney, ureter, and bladder) and to test it in a real clinical environment. The local institutional review board approved this retrospective single-center study that used non-enhanced abdominopelvic CT scans from patients admitted urology (uPatients) and emergency (ePatients). The uPatients were randomly divided into training and validation sets in a ratio of 3:1. We designed a cascade urinary stone map location-feature pyramid networks (USm-FPNs) and innovatively proposed a ureter distance heatmap method to estimate the ureter position on non-enhanced CT to further reduce the false positives...

Introduction Inflammation can arise as a consequence of both extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and ureteroscopy (URS) treatments. Alterations in inflammatory parameters may serve as indicators of kidney injuries and the ensuing inflammation. This study aims to investigate the effects of ESWL and URS procedures on inflammatory parameters for proximal ureteral stone treatment. Materials and methods A prospective interventional study comprised 120 patients with confirmed stones measuring less than 10 mm in the upper half of the proximal ureter...

A 65-year-old man presented with a history of rectal cancer 20 years prior that led to the development of a cutaneous ureterostomy and a colostomy. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with acute complicated pyelonephritis due to a right ureteral stone. After the placement of a single J ureteral stent in the right ureter for therapeutic management, the patient was referred to our institution for treatment of the right ureteral stone. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed an 11×8 mm stone in the upper right ureter...

Despite the benefits of spinal anesthesia and the preference of anesthesiologists for this technique, it is less accepted by urologists due to the proximity of the stone place in the ureter and the possibility of pain, restlessness, and occasional movements of the patient during surgery. The current study investigated the success of bupivacaine plus intrathecal fentanyl in patients undergoing transurethral lithotripsy (TUL). In this randomized clinical trial, from April 2021 to September 2021, 54 patients with proximal urolithiasis candidates for TUL were enrolled...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and the safety of medial non-papillary percutaneous nephrolithotomy (npPCNL) for the management of large proximal ureteral stones. METHODS: We evaluated prospectively collected data of 37 patients with large proximal ureteral stones more than 1.5 cm in diameter treated by prone npPCNL. Depending on stone size, in-toto stone removal or lithotripsy using the Lithoclast® Trilogy (EMS Medical, Nyon, Switzerland) was performed...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Several endoscopic procedures have been performed to clear stones in the kidney. A potential technique called endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) is a practical option for treating complex kidney stones. Hereby, we report a neglected double j (DJ) stent and recurrent multiple kidney stones treated by ECIRS. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old female complained of right flank pain one week ago, which worsened within one day before hospital admission...

Extraosseous bone formation of the upper urothelial tract is an unusual phenomenon with limited documentation in the uropathology literature, reported in only 2 clinical series of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the management of renal stones. While speculations regarding the pathogenesis of this occurrence have been published, heterotopic ossification is still poorly understood. We report the finding of extraosseous bone formation in the renal pelvis of a 30-year-old male patient with a history of kidney stones...

CONTEXT: Thulium fiber laser (TFL) emerged as a competitor of holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Ho:YAG) laser for the treatment of urinary stones. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy between Ho:YAG and TFL for laser lithotripsy of renal and ureteral stones. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A literature search was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify reports published until May 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed to identify eligible studies...

Background and Objectives : Urolithiasis occurrence is uncommon in kidney transplantation patients, though it has serious implications, including acute kidney injury in the transplanted kidney. This study investigates the leading causes of urolithiasis in kidney transplantation patients, the diagnostic process, and the outcomes of multimodal management. Materials and Methods : Data collection spanned from January 1997 to December 2021, involving kidney transplantation patients with urolithiasis from the database of the Korean Society of Endourology and Robotics (KSER) research committee...