Fat mass associated gene

OBJECTIVES: A high proportion of women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) experience weakness and cachexia. This relationship is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. EOC is the most lethal gynecological cancer, yet no preclinical cachexia model has demonstrated the combined hallmark features of metastasis, ascites development, muscle loss and weakness in adult immunocompetent mice. METHODS: Here, we evaluated a new model of ovarian cancer-induced cachexia with the advantages of inducing cancer in adult immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice through orthotopic injections of EOC cells in the ovarian bursa...

Obesity and its related metabolic diseases bring great challenges to public health. In-depth understanding on the efficacy of weight-loss interventions is critical for long-term weight control. Our study demonstrated the comparable efficacy of exercise (EX), intermittent fasting (IF), or the change of daily diet from an unhealthy to a normal chow (DR) for weight reduction, but largely divergently affected metabolic status and transcriptome of subcutaneous fat, scapular brown fat, skeletal muscles and liver in high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFHF) induced obese mice...

INTRODUCTION: Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in genes responsible for the formation and development of adipocytes. Bone abnormalities are described. However, there is a scarcity of data. OBJECTIVE: To describe bone characteristics in a large CGL1 and 2 case series. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that assessed bone radiological features of CGL patients of a reference hospital in Fortaleza (CE), Brazil...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the most prevalent and perilous health affairs. Male obesity-associated secondary hypogonadism (MOSH) is one of many of its complexities, which is mounting in parallel with the aggravation of obesity. Magnetic nanoparticles seem to be an advanced favorable trend in multiple biomedical fields. AIM: In this study, we explore the therapeutic effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on an obese male rat model with MOSH syndrome, comparing their impacts with a well-known anti-obesity medication (Orlistat)...

Introduction: Erythropoietin (EPO) acts primarily in regulating red blood cell production mediated by high EPO receptor (EPOR) expression in erythroid progenitor cells. EPO activity in non-erythroid tissue is evident in mice with EPOR restricted to erythroid tissues (ΔEPORE) that become obese, glucose-intolerant, and insulin-resistant. In animal models, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) contributes to EPO activities including erythropoiesis, neuroprotection, and cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury...

Reducing ghrelin by ghrelin gene knockout (GKO), ghrelin-cell ablation, or high-fat diet feeding increases islet size and β-cell mass in male mice. Here, we determined if reducing ghrelin also enlarges islets in females, and if pregnancy-associated changes in islet size are related to reduced ghrelin. Islet size and β-cell mass were larger (P=0.057 for β-cell mass) in female GKO mice. Pregnancy was associated with reduced ghrelin and increased LEAP2 [a ghrelin receptor (GHSR) antagonist] in WT mice...

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains the most lethal female cancer by far. Herein, clinical HGSOC samples had higher N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) modification than normal ovarian tissue, and its dysregulation had been reported to drive aberrant transcription and translation programs. However, Kringle containing transmembrane protein 2 (KREMEN2) and its m6 A modification have not been fully elucidated in HGSOC. In this study, the data from the high-throughput mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of clinical samples were processed using the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and functional enrichment analysis...

In diabetes, pancreatic β-cells gradually lose their ability to secrete insulin with disease progression. β-cell dysfunction is a contributing factor to diabetes severity. Recently, islet cell heterogeneity, exemplified by β-cell dedifferentiation and identified in diabetic animals, has attracted attention as an underlying molecular mechanism of β-cell dysfunction. Previously, we reported β-cell dedifferentiation suppression by calorie restriction, not by reducing hyperglycemia using hypoglycemic agents (including sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors), in an obese diabetic mice model ( db / db )...

Vitamin D (Vit D) is a fat-soluble molecule acting like a hormone, and it is involved in several biological mechanisms such as gene expression, calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism, immune modulation, viral protection, and neuromuscular functions. Vit D deficiency can lead to chronic hypocalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, and many other pathological conditions; in this context, low and very low levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-D) were found to be associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and the likelihood of many severe diseases...

Ketosis, a commonly observed energy metabolism disorder in dairy cows during the peripartal period, is distinguished by increased concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in blood. This condition has a negative impact on milk production and quality, causing financial losses. An untargeted metabolomics approach was performed on plasma samples from cows between 5 and 7 DIM diagnosed as controls (CON, BHB <1.2 mM, n = 30), subclinically ketotic (SCK, 1.2 < BHB <3.0 mM, n = 30), or clinically ketotic (CK, BHB >3...

Obesity is currently one of the most alarming pathological conditions due to the progressive increase in its prevalence. In the last decade, it has been associated with fine particulate matter suspended in the air (PM2.5 ). The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanistic interaction of PM2.5 with a high-fat diet (HFD) through the differential regulation of transcriptional signatures, aiming to identify the association of these particles with metabolically abnormal obesity. The research design was observational, using bioinformatic methods and an explanatory approach based on Rothman's causal model...

In recent years many women have looked for alternative therapies to address menopause. Hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin are bioactive compounds that can ameliorate some cardiovascular risk factors associated with menopause, although there are no data concerning the effects of their combined supplementation. We used ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a postmenopausal model with oestrogen deficiency, to evaluate whether supplementation with a multi-ingredient (MI) including hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin for 57 days would display beneficial effects against fat mass accretion and metabolic disturbances associated with menopause...

Fat loss predicts adverse outcomes in advanced heart failure (HF). Disrupted circadian clocks are a primary cause of lipid metabolic issues, but it's unclear if this disruption affects fat expenditure in HF. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of disruption of the BMAL1/REV-ERBα circadian rhythmic loop on adipose tissue metabolism in HF.50 Wistar rats were initially divided into control (n = 10) and model (n = 40) groups. The model rats were induced with HF via monocrotaline (MCT) injections, while the control group received equivalent solvent injections...

RNA methylation can epigenetically regulate learning and memory. However, it is unclear whether RNA methylation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of Vascular dementia (VD). Here, we report that expression of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO), an RNA demethylase, is downregulated in the hippocampus in models of VD. Through prediction and dual-luciferase reporters validation studies, we observed that miRNA-711 was upregulated after VD and could bind to the 3'-untranslated region of FTO mRNA and regulate its expression in vitro...

N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are endogenous lipid-signalling molecules involved in inflammation and energy metabolism. The potential pharmacological effect of NAE association in managing inflammation-based metabolic disorders is unexplored. To date, targeting liver-adipose axis can be considered a therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity and related dysfunctions. Here, we investigated the metabolic effect of OLALIAMID® (OLA), an olive oil-derived NAE mixture, in limiting liver and adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice...

AIM: Our study aims to identify novel non-coding RNA-mRNA regulatory networks associated with β-cell dysfunction and compensatory responses in obesity-related diabetes. METHODS: Glucose metabolism, islet architecture and secretion, and insulin sensitivity were characterized in C57BL/6J mice fed on a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) or control for 24 weeks. Islets were isolated for whole transcriptome sequencing to identify differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, miRNAs, IncRNAs, and circRNAs...

BACKGROUND: The FTO gene polymorphisms may influence the effects of lifestyle interventions on obesity. The present study aimed to assess the influence of the rs9930506 FTO gene polymorphism on the success of a comprehensive weight loss intervention in male adolescents with overweight and obesity. METHODS: This study was carried out on 96 adolescent boys with overweight and obesity who were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 53) and control (n = 43) groups...

Sarcopenia, the progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, is observed in various conditions, including cancer and aging. The complex molecular biology of sarcopenia has posed challenges for the development of FDA-approved medications, which have mainly focused on dietary supplementation. Targeting a single gene may not be sufficient to address the broad range of processes involved in muscle loss. This study analyzed the gene expression signatures associated with cancer formation and 5-FU chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hepatic steatosis is known to be heritable, but its genetic basis is mostly uncharacterized. Steatosis is associated with metabolic and adiposity features; recent studies hypothesize that shared genetic effects between these traits could account for some of the unexplained heritability. This study aimed to quantify these genetic associations in a family-based sample of non-Hispanic white adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: 704 participants (18-95 years, 55...

The genes of Wnt/β-catenin pathway may have potential roles in fat accumulation of Non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), but the effects of their variants in the pathway on ONFH development have been remained unclear. To explore the potential roles of the variants in the development of ONFH, we completed the investigation of the paired interactions as well as their related biological functions of 17 variants of GSK3β, LRP5, and FRP4 genes etc. in the pathway. The genotyping of the 17 variants were finished by MASS ARRAY PLATFORM in a 560 ONFH case-control system...