keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546730/development-and-external-validation-of-machine-learning-models-for-diabetic-microvascular-complications-cross-sectional-study-with-metabolites
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feng He, Clarissa Ng Yin Ling, Simon Nusinovici, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong, Jialiang Li, Charumathi Sabanayagam
BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are major diabetic microvascular complications, contributing significantly to morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. The kidney and the eye, having similar microvascular structures and physiological and pathogenic features, may experience similar metabolic changes in diabetes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to use machine learning (ML) methods integrated with metabolic data to identify biomarkers associated with DKD and DR in a multiethnic Asian population with diabetes, as well as to improve the performance of DKD and DR detection models beyond traditional risk factors...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Medical Internet Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545481/predictors-of-immunotherapy-efficacy-in-metastatic-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-lung-immune-prognostic-index-and-immune-related-toxicity
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alba Moratiel Pellitero, Maria Zapata Garcia, Marta Gascon Ruiz, Jose Miguel Arbones-Mainar, Rodrigo Lastra Del Prado, Dolores Isla
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been proposed as the standard first-line and subsequent treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study analyzed whether patients with good lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) have a better response to ICIs and the relationship between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and response in clinical practice. METHODS: This was an observational, retrospective, single-center study. Patients with stage IV NSCLC between 2016 and 2021 were included in the study...
April 2024: World Journal of Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545257/lactate-drives-cd38-signaling-to-promote-epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-through-snail-induction-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-cells
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yating Lu, Yang Yang, Tao Chang, Qiyun Jiang, Chenfeng Yang, Chunzhe Fu, Huijun Wei, Yuanpeng He, Zhihao Wu
CD38 is the main NADase in mammalian cells. It regulates the homeostasis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and extracellular nucleotides. Its function plays an important role in infection and aging. However, its potential functions in tumor cells have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated that lactate, which is derived from tumor metabolism remodeling, upregulates the expression of CD38 through OXPHOS-driven Hippo-TAZ pathway. The highly expressed CD38 converts NAD + to adenosine through the CD203a/CD73 complex and adenosine binds and activates its receptor A2AR, inducing the expression of Snail and promoting the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells...
March 2024: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544499/association-between-the-cumulative-triglyceride-glucose-index-and-the-recurrence-of-atrial-fibrillation-after-radiofrequency-catheter-ablation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qing Yan, Jia-Qi Liang, Yi-De Yuan, Yuan Li, Jia-Li Fan, Wen-Huan Wu, Pan Xu, Jia-Hong Xue
BACKGROUND: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index values are a new surrogate marker for insulin resistance. This study aimed to explore the relationship between cumulative TyG index values and atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). METHODS: A total of 576 patients with AF who underwent RFCA at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were included in this study. The participants were grouped based on cumulative TyG index values tertiles within 3 months after ablation...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Geriatric Cardiology: JGC
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542781/nutrition-related-knowledge-attitudes-practices-and-anemia-status-of-lactating-mothers-in-bukavu-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-a-cross-sectional-analysis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Damaris Elisabeth Beitze, Céline Kavira Malengera, Theophile Barhwamire Kabesha, Veronika Scherbaum
Maternal nutrition is impacted by personal and environmental factors including dietary intake, knowledge, food availability, and affordability. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to evaluate nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and associations with hemoglobin concentration among lactating mothers in the Bukavu region, Democratic Republic of the Congo. In 444 lactating mothers, nutrition-related knowledge and practice were assessed by questionnaires and translated into knowledge and practice scores ranging from 0 to 1, attitudes and drivers of food choice were assessed, the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was assessed with 24 h dietary recalls in a potential range from 0 to 10, and hemoglobin (Hb) was measured in mothers and their infants...
March 17, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542769/effect-of-donated-premature-milk-in-the-prevention-of-bronchopulmonary-dysplasia
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amaia Merino-Hernández, Andrea Palacios-Bermejo, Cristina Ramos-Navarro, Silvia Caballero-Martín, Noelia González-Pacheco, Elena Rodríguez-Corrales, María Carmen Sánchez-Gómez de Orgaz, Manuel Sánchez-Luna
INTRODUCTION: Breastfeeding is one of the strategies that has been shown to be effective in preventing severe forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). When mother's own milk (MOM) is not available, pasteurized donor milk (DM) is the best alternative. However, the evidence is inconclusive on the difference in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) between patients fed MOM and those fed with DM. As standard DM is usually mature pooled milk donated by mothers who have delivered their babies at term, the potential benefits of preterm milk may be lost...
March 15, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541796/the-road-to-sepsis-in-geriatric-polytrauma-patients-can-we-forecast-sepsis-in-trauma-patients
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cédric Niggli, Philipp Vetter, Jan Hambrecht, Hans-Christoph Pape, Ladislav Mica
Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in polytrauma patients, especially beyond the first week, and its management is vital for reducing multiorgan failure and improving survival rates. This is particularly critical in geriatric polytrauma patients due to factors such as age-related physiological alterations and weakened immune systems. This study aimed to investigate various clinical and laboratory parameters associated with sepsis in polytrauma patients aged < 65 years and ≥65 years, with the secondary objective of comparing sources of infection in these patient groups...
March 9, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541727/a-comparison-of-prognostic-factors-in-a-large-cohort-of-in-hospital-and-out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest-patients
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rossana Soloperto, Federica Magni, Anita Farinella, Elisa Gouvea Bogossian, Lorenzo Peluso, Nicola De Luca, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Filippo Annoni
We investigated independent factors predicting neurological outcome and death, comparing in-hospital (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. The study was conducted in the mixed 34-bed Intensive Care Department at the Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Belgium. All adult consecutive cardiac arrest (CA) survivors were included between 2004 and 2022. For all patients, demographic data, medical comorbidities, CA baseline characteristics, treatments received during Intensive Care Unit stay, in-hospital major complications, and neurological outcome at three months after CA, using the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scale, were collected...
March 18, 2024: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540040/assessing-environmental-effects-upon-modeling-the-individual-lactation-curve-of-a-local-goat-population-in-a-pastoral-system
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahlem Atoui, Maria Jesus Carabaño, Aicha Laroussi, Mouldi Abdennebi, Farah Ben Salem, Sghaier Najari
The present study aims to use Wood's model to determine the parameters of individual lactation curves in a local goat population and their factors of variation under a pastoral system. A total of 137,927 records from 432 local goats were collected to assess the impact of litter size, year and month of kidding, herd and the age of the dam on lactation curve parameters. Wood's model parameters were estimated using non-linear regression, and individual curves were fitted. The characteristics of the lactation curves were computed...
March 19, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539175/dysphoric-milk-ejection-reflex-among-japanese-mothers-a-self-administered-survey
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yukako Moriyama, Yuko Nakao, Naoko Yamamoto, Toshimichi Oki
BACKGROUND: The dysphoric milk ejection reflex (D-MER) is a reflex that causes temporary discomfort during milk ejection. D-MER develops due to the effects of hormones involved in lactation, and it has been reported that it is a physiological symptom different from postpartum depression, but the actual situation is unknown in Japan. METHODS: This study was conducted using a self-administered, anonymous survey of mothers of children who had undergone health checkups at three years of age at five health centers in Kagoshima city and aimed to clarify the reality and perceptions of mothers regarding D-MER...
March 27, 2024: International Breastfeeding Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539077/lessons-learned-from-covid-19-vaccine-acceptance-among-pregnant-and-lactating-women-from-two-districts-in-kenya-to-inform-demand-generation-efforts-for-future-maternal-rsv-vaccines
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rupali J Limaye, Prachi Singh, Berhaun Fesshaye, Ruth A Karron
BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory infections globally, with most RSV-related deaths occurring in infants < 6 months of age. The highest burden of RSV is in low-and-middle income countries, and in sub-Saharan Africa, RSV may be responsible for almost half of all hospital admissions with severe or very severe pneumonia among infants under 1 year. There is a maternal RSV vaccine on the horizon. Our study objective was to better understand how lessons learned from the COVID-19 vaccine experience rollout among pregnant and lactating people in Kenya could inform future maternal RSV vaccine rollout...
March 27, 2024: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535739/physiological-responses-and-performance-during-an-integrated-high-intensity-interval-aerobic-and-power-training-protocol
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilias Iason Psarras, Gregory C Bogdanis
This study compared the acute physiological responses and performance changes during an integrated high-intensity interval aerobic and power protocol. Sixteen moderately trained athletes (age: 20.1 ± 2.2 years, body height: 180.0 ± 6.5 cm, body mass: 75.7 ± 6.4 kg, VO2max : 55.8 ± 4.3 mL/kg/min) performed a 2 × 6 min interval training protocol with 2 min passive recovery between sets on two different occasions in random and counterbalanced order. Each 6 min set included repeated periods of 15 s exercise interspersed with 15 s passive rest...
March 7, 2024: Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535731/acute-hemodynamic-metabolic-and-hormonal-responses-to-a-boxing-exergame-with-and-without-blood-flow-restriction-in-non-athlete-young-individuals
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zohreh Karimi, Zeynabalsadat Mousavi, Michael Nordvall, Alexei Wong, Reza Bagheri, Frederic Dutheil
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare acute hemodynamic, metabolic (glucose and blood lactate concentrations), hormonal (growth hormone and normetanephrine), heart rate variability (HRV), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses before and after bouts of a boxing exergame with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) in non-athlete young individuals. METHODS: Fourteen participants (age: 30 ± 10 y; BMI: 21 ± 3 kg.m-2 ) participated in two sessions of a 20 min boxing exergame...
February 23, 2024: Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535518/acute-effects-of-various-doses-of-nitrate-rich-beetroot-juice-on-high-intensity-interval-exercise-responses-in-women-a-randomized-double-blinded-placebo-controlled-crossover-trial
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhang Jiaqi, Dai Zihan, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong, Zheng Chen, Eric Tsz-Chun Poon
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the acute effects of various doses of nitrate-rich beetroot juice on the responses to high-intensity interval exercise in women. METHODS: A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was conducted with 13 recreationally active young women (age = 23 ± 2 years). All participants performed interval exercise (8 × 1-min bouts of cycling at 85% of peak power output [PPO] interspersed with 1-min active recovery at 20% of PPO) 2...
December 2024: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535334/relationships-and-mendelian-randomization-of-gut-microbe-derived-metabolites-with-metabolic-syndrome-traits-in-the-metsim-cohort
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sahereh Mirzaei, Holli A DeVon, Rita M Cantor, Arjen J Cupido, Calvin Pan, Sung Min Ha, Lilian Fernandes Silva, James R Hilser, Jaana Hartiala, Hooman Allayee, Federico E Rey, Markku Laakso, Aldons J Lusis
The role of gut microbe-derived metabolites in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of gut microbe-derived metabolites and MetS traits in the cross-sectional Metabolic Syndrome In Men (METSIM) study. The sample included 10,194 randomly related men (age 57.65 ± 7.12 years) from Eastern Finland. Levels of 35 metabolites were tested for associations with 13 MetS traits using lasso and stepwise regression. Significant associations were observed between multiple MetS traits and 32 metabolites, three of which exhibited particularly robust associations...
March 20, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533136/association-of-inflammatory-markers-with-disease-progression-and-the-severity-of-covid-19
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stuti V Patel, Jaya M Pathak, Radhay J Parikh, Karan J Pandya, Priyal B Kothari, Arushi Patel
Introduction In December 2019, there was a massive outbreak of viral pneumonia, which had a high case fatality rate. Genetic sequencing of the virus showed similarity with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It was later named novel coronavirus 2019 while the disease it caused was given the nomenclature of COVID-19. This deadly pneumonia outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Aim To derive the strength of the correlation between blood levels of various inflammatory markers with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients affected with novel coronavirus 2019...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532997/association-between-blood-culture-turnaround-time-and-clinical-prognosis-in-emergency-department-patients-with-community-acquired-bloodstream-infection-a-retrospective-study-based-on-electronic-medical-records
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Po-Hsiang Hsu, Renin Chang, Chun-Hao Yin, Yao-Shen Chen, Jin-Shuen Chen
IMPORTANCE: Previous investigations have found that time to positive blood culture (TTP) is a prognostic factor for clinical outcomes. In fact, what the emergency physician sees from the medical information system is TAT (turnaround time) defined as time required to post a bacterial culture report. We propose a definition of blood culture TAT that more closely aligns with clinical considerations by measuring the time from starting specimen culture to the release of an official blood culture report...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531662/impact-of-immunotherapy-time-of-day-infusion-on-survival-and-immunologic-correlates-in-patients-with-metastatic-renal-cell-carcinoma-a-multicenter-cohort-analysis
#18
MULTICENTER STUDY
Jimmy S Patel, Yena Woo, Amber Draper, Caroline S Jansen, Jennifer W Carlisle, Pasquale F Innominato, Francis A Lévi, Layla Dhabaan, Viraj A Master, Mehmet A Bilen, Mohammad K Khan, Michael C Lowe, Haydn Kissick, Zachary S Buchwald, David C Qian
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that earlier time-of-day infusion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among patients with metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. These data are in line with growing preclinical evidence that the adaptive immune response may be more effectively stimulated earlier in the day. We sought to determine the impact of time-of-day ICI infusions on outcomes among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)...
March 26, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531477/sports-and-immunity-from-the-recreational-to-the-elite-athlete
#19
REVIEW
Richard Baskerville, Linda Castell, Stéphane François Bermon
The pivotal role of the immune system in physical activity is well-established. While interactions are complex, they tend to constitute discrete immune responses. Moderate intensity exercise causes leukocytosis with a mild anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and immunoenhancement. Above a threshold of intensity, lactate-mediated IL-6 release causes a proinflammatory followed by a depressed inflammatory state, which stimulates immune adaptation and longer term cardiometabolic enhancement. Exercise-related immune responses are modulated by sex, age and immune-nutrition...
March 24, 2024: Infectious diseases now
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531424/from-land-to-ocean-one-month-for-southern-elephant-seal-pups-to-acquire-aquatic-skills-prior-to-their-first-departure-to-sea
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erwan Piot, Lea Hippauf, Laura Charlanne, Baptiste Picard, Jérôme Badaut, Caroline Gilbert, Christophe Guinet
Weaned southern elephant seals (SES) quickly transition from terrestrial to aquatic life after a 5- to 6-week post-weaning period. At sea, juveniles and adult elephant seals present extreme, continuous diving behaviour. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of the post-weaning period for weanlings to prepare for the physiological challenges of their future sea life. However, very little is known about how their body condition during this period may influence the development of their behaviour and brain activities...
March 24, 2024: Physiology & Behavior
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