aeration of prussak

OBJECTIVES: Prussak's space (PS) is an intricate middle ear region which may play an essential role in the development of middle ear disease. The three-dimensional (3D) anatomy of the human PS and its drainage routes remain relatively unknown. Earlier studies have histologically analyzed PS, by micro-dissection and endoscopy. Here, we used synchrotron-radiation phase-contrast imaging (SR-PCI), 3D reconstructions, and modeling to study the framework of the human PS, including aeration pathways...

BACKGROUND: The relationship of pars flaccida retraction with epitympanic aeration and mastoid size is ill-defined. Both pars flaccida retraction and small mastoid size are traits of nearly all clinical entities of otitis media. OBJECTIVES: To determine, in clinically normal specimens, the relationship of pars flaccida retraction with mastoid pneumatisation and epitympanic aeration. STUDY DESIGN: Post-mortem anatomical dissection of 41 bequeathed adult crania without clinical otitis...

HYPOTHESIS: This study's aim was to find out how well various microdissection approaches reveal the basic anatomy of the epitympanum, especially the pathways of aeration to Prussak's space, without the help of serial sections, which many find difficult to interpret. BACKGROUND: The basic studies where made during the latter half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. Conflicting concepts have later been published, and doubtful information has been included even in textbooks...

In this study, 24 temporal bones with an age range from neonates to 23-month-old infants were serially sectioned and studied for the spread and fate of amniotic fluid cellular content (AFCC) in the middle ear and mastoid. Most children had had either a moderate or massive contamination. AFCC clusters were found to spread to all compartments, with the sites of predilection being the stapes region, the lower lateral attic and the tympanic isthmus. AFCC created an intensive foreign body giant cell reaction and the foreign material practically dissolved in 5 months as a result of the organization process...

OBJECTIVE: the purpose of this study was to document the aeration and drainage pathways of Prussak's space. METHODS: 55 temporal bones with an age range from neonate to 11 years of age were serially sectioned to 20 microns, every 10th section was saved and stained by Hematoxylin eosin. Each consecutive section was studied as to the connections of Prussak's space to adjacent compartments and measurements of the dimensions were made for both Prussak's space and its aeration pathways...

HYPOTHESIS: Blockage of the aeration pathways to the attic may cause circumscribed or widespread alterations that are difficult to diagnose clinically. The narrow route via the posterior pouch to Prussak's space is especially vulnerable to obstruction in recurring otitis media. BACKGROUND: Recent studies of the epitympanic diaphragm and compartments have clarified the anatomy of the attic aeration and drainage pathways and emphasized the role of their patency in the healing process of middle ear infections...

HYPOTHESIS: The tissue-fixed amniotic fluid cellular content (AFCC) in the middle ear and mastoid antrum causes foreign body type reactions that may later severely restrict the aeration pathways to the main attic and to Prussak's space. BACKGROUND: It was shown by Aschoff 100 years ago that AFCC remained in the neonate ears and caused sterile otitis media. Recent data show that children born through thick meconium are at risk for large quantities of AFCC entering the middle ear cleft, the ensuing inflammatory reaction being related to the amount of AFCC...

Six full-term neonatal temporal bones, with meconium contaminated amniotic fluid aspiration of varying degrees, were serially sectioned at 20 microm and every tenth section was stained by hematoxylin eosin and mounted on slides. All stained sections were studied, the data recorded and relevant details of all compartments photographed. In addition, four normal neonate temporal bones were studied, one by serial sectioning and three by microdissection. The lateral incudomalleal and tensor folds were present in all, membrane defects in the tensor fold were seen in two normal ears...

HYPOTHESIS: The attic compartments, except for Prussak's space, are aerated through the tympanic isthmus. The aim of this study was to develop aeration pathways that would bypass the isthmus in surgery for chronic inflammatory ear disease and cholesteatoma. BACKGROUND: Microdissection of the epitympanum has shown that the anterior attic and the supratubal recess are separated by the tensor fold, the excision of which creates a large new aeration pathway. METHODS: Earlier surgical experience was reexamined as to the access to the tensor fold...

Investigation of Prussak's space and its relationship to adjacent spaces is important in elucidating the cause of retraction pocket and cholesteatoma formation in this space. This study was designed to quantitatively characterize the chronological development of Prussak's space and its relationship to adjacent spaces in temporal bones. One-hundred and forty-nine human temporal bone slides (115 normal, 28 with otitis media with effusion, three with retraction pockets and three with attic type cholesteatoma) including specimens ranging from fetal to adult bones were studied...

The epitympanic compartments and the anatomy of the atticotympanic diaphragm were examined in a pair of serially sectioned temporal bones with secretory otitis media and chronic otitis media, respectively. Findings confirmed reports of 19th century scientists in that Prussak's space has a wide connection to the mesotympanum through the posterior pouch of Tröltsch and may have an additional narrow passage in its roof to the lateral malleal space. The lateral incudomalleal fold regularly separates the upper lateral attic from the lower lateral attic and the mesotympanum...