keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382812/in-situ-bio-mineralized-mn-nanoadjuvant-enhances-anti-influenza-immunity-of-recombinant-virus-like-particle-vaccines
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanan Sheng, Zhengjun Li, Xuan Lin, Wang Liuyang, Zhu Hongyu, Zhiguo Su, Songping Zhang
Virus like particles (VLPs) have been well recognized as one of the most important vaccine platforms due to their structural similarity to natural viruses to induce effective humoral and cellular immune responses. Nevertheless, lack of viral nucleic acids in VLPs usually leads the vaccine candidates less efficient in provoking innate immune against viral infection. Here, we constructed a biomimetic dual antigen hybrid influenza nanovaccines THM-HA@Mn with robust immunogenicity via in situ synthesizing a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist Mn3 O4 inside the cavity of a recombinant Hepatitis B core antigen VLP (HBc VLP) having fused SpyTag and influenza M2e antigen peptides (Tag-HBc-M2e, THM for short), followed by conjugating a recombinant hemagglutinin (rHA) antigen on the surface of the nanoparticles through SpyTag/SpyCatcher ligating...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Controlled Release
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37993870/potentiating-humoral-and-cellular-immunity-using-a-novel-hybrid-polymer-lipid-nanoparticle-adjuvant-for-hbsag-vlp-vaccine
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuhan Liu, Qiuxia Min, Huiping Song, Aochun Yue, Qin Li, Qing Zhou, Wei Han
Aluminium adjuvants are commonly used in vaccines to stimulate the immune system, but they have limited ability to promote cellular immunity which is necessary for clearing viral infections like hepatitis B. Current adjuvants that do promote cellular immunity often have undesired side effects due to the immunostimulants they contain. In this study, a hybrid polymer lipid nanoparticle (HPLNP) was developed as an efficient adjuvant for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine to potentiate both humoral and cellular immunity...
November 22, 2023: Journal of Nanobiotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37373953/current-therapy-of-chronic-viral-hepatitis-b-c-and-d
#3
REVIEW
Jörg F Schlaak
The majority of chronic viral hepatitis cases are induced via infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or hepatitis D virus (HDV). These patients are at increased risk for progressive liver disease leading to cirrhosis as well as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV infection is well controlled by the currently available nucleosides as well as nucleotides, and the development of cirrhosis can be prevented. Additionally, it has been shown that HBV-induced liver fibrosis can regress during successful antiviral treatment; however, a "functional cure", i...
June 7, 2023: Journal of Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37187708/transient-and-tunable-crispra-regulation-of-apobec-aid-genes-for-targeting-hepatitis-b-virus
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dmitry Kostyushev, Sergey Brezgin, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Natalia Ponomareva, Ekaterina Bayurova, Natalia Zakirova, Alla Kondrashova, Irina Goptar, Anastasiya Nikiforova, Anna Sudina, Yurii Babin, Ilya Gordeychuk, Alexander Lukashev, Andrey A Zamyatnin, Alexander Ivanov, Vladimir Chulanov
APOBEC/AID cytidine deaminases play an important role in innate immunity and antiviral defenses and were shown to suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication by deaminating and destroying the major form of HBV genome, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), without toxicity to the infected cells. However, developing anti-HBV therapeutics based on APOBEC/AID is complicated by the lack of tools for activating and controlling their expression. Here, we developed a CRISPR-activation-based approach (CRISPRa) to induce APOBEC/AID transient overexpression (>4-800,000-fold increase in mRNA levels)...
June 13, 2023: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36146858/oligonucleotide-based-therapies-for-chronic-hbv-infection-a-primer-on-biochemistry-mechanisms-and-antiviral-effects
#5
REVIEW
Andrew Vaillant
Three types of oligonucleotide-based medicines are under clinical development for the treatment of chronic HBV infection. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and synthetic interfering RNA (siRNA) are designed to degrade HBV mRNA, and nucleic acid polymers (NAPs) stop the assembly and secretion of HBV subviral particles. Extensive clinical development of ASOs and siRNA for a variety of liver diseases has established a solid understanding of their pharmacodynamics, accumulation in different tissue types in the liver, pharmacological effects, off-target effects and how chemical modifications and delivery approaches affect these parameters...
September 16, 2022: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35671982/lnp-cpg-odn-adjuvanted-varicella-zoster-virus-glycoprotein-e-induced-comparable-levels-of-immunity-with-shingrix-tm-in-vzv-primed-mice
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ning Luan, Han Cao, Yunfei Wang, Kangyang Lin Cunbao Liu
Latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) may be reactivated to cause herpes zoster, which affects one in three people during their lifetime. The currently available subunit vaccine ShingrixTM is superior to the attenuated vaccine Zostavax® in terms of both safety and efficacy, but the supply of its key adjuvant component QS21 is limited. With Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that were recently approved by the FDA for COVID-19 mRNA vaccines as carriers, and oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG ODNs) approved by the FDA for a subunit hepatitis B vaccine as immunostimulators, we developed a LNP vaccine encapsulating VZV-glycoprotein E (gE) and CpG ODN, and compared its immunogenicity with ShingrixTM in C57BL/6J mice...
June 4, 2022: Virologica Sinica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35622386/the-bioinformatics-and-experimental-analysis-of-the-novel-roles-of-virus-infection-associated-gene-cdc20-for-prognosis-and-immune-infiltration-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juanni Li, Xiaofang Zhang, Lei Yao, Kuan Hu
Infection virus including HBV and HCV has been well recognized as a major cause inducing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, molecular investigations into the HTLV-1 (Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1) and HCC have been rare. In this study, we integrated several public datasets of HCC patients and filtered seven genes including CDC20 as the HTLV-1 infection-related genes which were differentially expressed in HCC. CDC20 was chosen for further investigation based on its promising prognostic power. The expression profiles, prognostic assessment, association with clinicopathologic characteristics, prediction of correlated signal pathways, and the immune-modulating function of CDC20 were assessed...
May 27, 2022: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33805880/immunogenicity-of-varicella-zoster-virus-glycoprotein-e-formulated-with-lipid-nanoparticles-and-nucleic-immunostimulators-in-mice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han Cao, Yunfei Wang, Ning Luan, Cunbao Liu
Theoretically, the subunit herpes zoster vaccine ShingrixTM could be used as a varicella vaccine that avoids the risk of developing shingles from vaccination, but bedside mixing strategies and the limited supply of the adjuvant component QS21 have made its application economically impracticable. With lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that were approved by the FDA as vectors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines, we designed a series of vaccines efficiently encapsulated with varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (VZV-gE) and nucleic acids including polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and the natural phosphodiester CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), which was approved by the FDA as an immunostimulator in a hepatitis B vaccine...
March 25, 2021: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33602251/immunostimulatory-sirna-with-a-uridine-bulge-leads-to-potent-inhibition-of-hbv-and-activation-of-innate-immunity
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingyu Lan, Zhiqiang Wei, Yulin He, Song Wan, Li Liu, Bin Cheng, Ruimin Li, Hongxia Chen, Guohua Liu, Zhongji Meng
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is difficult to cure. HBV-specific immune tolerance plays a key role in HBV persistence, and enhancing cellular and humoral immunity will improve the control of HBV infection. The purpose of the study was to explore the anti-HBV and immunostimulatory effects of msiRNAs that introduce unpaired uridine bulges in the passenger strand. METHODS: msiRNAs targeting the HBV S and X genes were designed and named msiHBs and msiHBx, respectively...
February 18, 2021: Virology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32162896/possible-therapeutic-role-of-a-highly-standardized-mixture-of-active-compounds-derived-from-cultured-lentinula-edodes-mycelia-ahcc-in-patients-infected-with-2019-novel-coronavirus
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Di Pierro, Alexander Bertuccioli, Ilaria Cavecchia
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is currently, March 2020, affecting more than 100,000 people worldwide and, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), a pandemic is shortly expected. The virus infects the lower respiratory tract and causes severe pneumonia and mortality in approximately 10% and 3-5%, respectively, of cases, mainly among the elderly and/or people affected by other diseases. AHCC is an α-glucan-based standardized mushroom extract that has been extensively investigated as an immunostimulant both in animals and/or in humans affected by West Nile virus, influenza virus, avian influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, papillomavirus, herpes virus, hepatitis B virus and HIV by promoting a regulated and protective immune response...
June 2020: Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31904453/preparation-and-evaluation-of-the-adjuvant-effect-of-curdlan-sulfate-in-improving-the-efficacy-of-dendritic-cell-based-vaccine-for-antitumor-immunotherapy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiming Jin, Yue Mu, Shuhan Zhang, Pingli Li, Fengshan Wang
Dendritic cell (DC) vaccine immunotherapy applies tumor antigens or tumor cell lysate (TCL)-pulsed DCs to induce an antigen-specific immune response to attack cancer cells. However, tumor antigen alone has limited immunostimulatory effects, and so immunostimulants are needed to prepare mature DCs. In our previous study, curdlan sulfate (CS) showed potent adjuvant properties with the HBV vaccine; therefore, we attempted to use CS to mature TCL-pulsed DCs. We first prepared four CSs (CS1-CS4) with different sulfation (S) degrees and molecular weights (MWs), then studied the structure-activity relationship of CS in vitro and finally screened CS3 (14...
March 1, 2020: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29805811/a-seven-year-retrospective-study-on-the-surveillance-of-hepatitis-b-in-laos
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phimpha Paboriboune, Thomas Vial, François Chassagne, Philavanh Sitbounlang, Sengaloun Soundala, Stéphane Bertani, Davone Sengmanothong, Francois-Xavier Babin, Nicolas Steenkeste, Paul Dény, Pascal Pineau, Eric Deharo
Objective: Lao PDR is one of the most highly endemic countries for hepatitis B in Asia and the second country for liver cancer incidence. Therefore, the follow-up of infected individuals through predictive serological markers is of utmost importance to monitor the progression of the pathology and take the decision on treatment. Methods: A retrospective-descriptive cohort study was conducted on 3,857 HBV-infected patients. Information about infection status (viral load, VL), liver function (aminotransferases), and treatments was recorded...
2018: International Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28624194/sustained-inhibition-of-hbv-replication-in%C3%A2-vivo-after-systemic-injection-of-aavs-encoding-artificial-antiviral-primary-micrornas
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohube Betty Maepa, Abdullah Ely, Wayne Grayson, Patrick Arbuthnot
Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a problem of global significance and improving available treatment is important to prevent life-threatening complications arising in persistently infected individuals. HBV is susceptible to silencing by exogenous artificial intermediates of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. However, toxicity of Pol III cassettes and short duration of silencing by effectors of the RNAi pathway may limit anti-HBV therapeutic utility. To advance RNAi-based HBV gene silencing, mono- and trimeric artificial primary microRNAs (pri-miRs) derived from pri-miR-31 were placed under control of the liver-specific modified murine transthyretin promoter...
June 16, 2017: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27345527/physicochemical-characterization-of-a-polysaccharide-fraction-from-platycladus-orientalis-l-franco-and-its-macrophage-immunomodulatory-and-anti-hepatitis-b-virus-activities
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zehua Lin, Wenzhen Liao, Jiaoyan Ren
A polysaccharide fraction, here called POP1, was purified from the leaves of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Physicochemical characterization indicated that POP1 had a relative molecular weight of 8.10 × 10(3) Da and consisted of rhamnose (5.74%), arabinose (12.58%), mannose (10.97%), glucose (64.96%), and galactose (6.55%). The main linkage types of POP1 consisted of (1→5)-linked α-l-Ara, (1→3)-linked α-l-Man, (1→6)-linked β-l-Rha, (1→4)-linked α-d-Glc, (1→6)-linked α-d-Glc, (1→6)-linked β-d-Gal, (1→3,6)-linked β-d-Gal, and termination with α-l-Man and α-d-Glc residues based on periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation, and NMR analysis...
July 27, 2016: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27333382/vitamin-e-for-the-treatment-of-e-antigen-positive-chronic-hepatitis-b-in-paediatric-patients-results-of-a-randomized-phase-2-controlled-study
#15
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Sirio Fiorino, Elisabetta Loggi, Gabriella Verucchi, Donatella Comparcola, Ranka Vukotic, Michele Pavoni, Elena Grandini, Carmela Cursaro, Silvia Maselli, Maria L Bacchi Reggiani, Cristina Puggioli, Lorenzo Badia, Silvia Galli, Pierluigi Viale, Mauro Bernardi, Pietro Andreone
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) in children is still an area of great uncertainty. Vitamin E is an immunostimulating/antioxidant compound proven to be safe and effective for the treatment of adult CHB. The aim of this phase 2 controlled study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vitamin E for the treatment of paediatric HBeAg-positive CHB. METHODS: Forty-six children were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive vitamin E at a dose of 15 mg/kg/day (in galenic preparation) or no treatment for 12 months and were monitored for the subsequent 12 months...
January 2017: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26560490/therapeutic-antiviral-effect-of-the-nucleic-acid-polymer-rep-2055-against-persistent-duck-hepatitis-b-virus-infection
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Faseeha Noordeen, Catherine A Scougall, Arend Grosse, Qiao Qiao, Behzad B Ajilian, Georget Reaiche-Miller, John Finnie, Melanie Werner, Ruth Broering, Joerg F Schlaak, Andrew Vaillant, Allison R Jilbert
Previous studies have demonstrated that nucleic acid polymers (NAPs) have both entry and post-entry inhibitory activity against duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infection. The inhibitory activity exhibited by NAPs prevented DHBV infection of primary duck hepatocytes in vitro and protected ducks from DHBV infection in vivo and did not result from direct activation of the immune response. In the current study treatment of primary human hepatocytes with NAP REP 2055 did not induce expression of the TNF, IL6, IL10, IFNA4 or IFNB1 genes, confirming the lack of direct immunostimulation by REP 2055...
2015: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25279542/cpg-oligodeoxynucleotide-inhibits-hbv-replication-in-a-hydrodynamic-injection-murine-model
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Hu, Hai Huang, Ting-Yu Zhang, Ying-Ying Mao, Xue-Jun Wang, Sheng-Qi Wang
BACKGROUND: Chronic HBV infection is a significant public health problem and one major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV impairs the host immune system and results in immunotolerance, which is a major obstacle to HBV therapy. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) is a strong immunostimulant which activates the innate immune response rapidly and has been shown to be an efficient therapy agent in viral infection treatment. Here, we report the anti-HBV activity of CpG-1826 in a hydrodynamic injection murine model...
2015: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25148051/hepatitis-b-vaccination-in-chronic-kidney-disease-patients-a-call-for-novel-vaccines
#18
REVIEW
Alicja E Grzegorzewska
The protective immunization rates in response to hepatitis B vaccination in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are lower than response rates in the general population because of genetic and CKD-related factors as well as logistic problems with a proper providing of the recommended vaccination schedules. This review focuses on third-generation vaccines and adjuvanted vaccines commercially introduced in some countries, investigated in clinical trials, especially involving CKD patients or used only in the experimental studies...
November 2014: Expert Review of Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25048086/efficient-silencing-of-hepatitis-b-virus-by-helper-dependent-adenovirus-vector-mediated-delivery-of-artificial-antiviral-primary-micro-rnas
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohube B Mowa, Carol Crowther, Abdullah Ely, Patrick Arbuthnot
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic to southern Africa and parts of Asia where approximately 350 million individuals are chronically infected. Persistent infection increases risk for the serious complications of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Licensed HBV treatments rarely eradicate the virus, which makes developing new strategies for the treatment of chronic HBV a priority. Pol II-transcribed mono- and trimeric primary micro RNAs (primiRNAs) have previously been used to activate RNA interference (RNAi) and inhibit HBV gene expression, indicating that this approach holds promise for HBV therapy...
2012: MicroRNA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24296696/inhibition-of-hbv-replication-in-vivo-using-helper-dependent-adenovirus-vectors-to-deliver-antiviral-rna-interference-expression-cassettes
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carol Crowther, Mohube B Mowa, Abdullah Ely, Patrick B Arbuthnot
BACKGROUND: HBV is hyperendemic to southern Africa and parts of Asia, but licensed antivirals have little effect on limiting life-threatening complications of the infection. Although RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing has shown therapeutic potential, difficulties with delivery of anti-HBV RNAi effectors remain an obstacle to their clinical use. To address concerns about the transient nature of transgene expression and toxicity resulting from immunostimulation by recombinant adenovirus vectors (Ads), utility of RNAi-activating anti-HBV helper-dependent (HD) Ads were assessed in this study...
2014: Antiviral Therapy
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