gynaecological cancer

PURPOSE: This study analyzes the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, vaginal microecology, and cervical lesions to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer (CC) in the Xinjiang region. METHODS: Real-time quantitative PCR was used for HPV genotyping and viral load. The Gram staining and dry biochemical enzyme kit were utilized to diagnose vaginal secretions. The χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis...

PURPOSE: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological cancer. Its incidence has been rising over the years with ageing and increased obesity of the high-income countries' populations. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with EC. The aim of this study was to assess whether MetS has a significant impact on oncological outcome in patients with EC. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients treated for EC between January 2010 and December 2020 in two referral oncological centers...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in recurrent/advanced endometrial cancer patients who progressed following prior systemic therapy in clinical practice in Europe. DESIGN: Endometrial Cancer Health Outcomes-Europe (ECHO-EU) is a retrospective patient chart review study. SETTING: ECHO-EU is a multicentre study conducted in the UK, Germany, Italy, France and Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with recurrent/advanced endometrial cancer who progressed between 1 July 2016 and 30 June 2019 following prior first-line systemic therapy were eligible and data were collected until last available follow-up through November 2021...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the willingness of healthcare providers to perform population-based screening in primary healthcare institutions in China. METHODS: Healthcare providers of 262 primary healthcare institutions in Tianjin were invited to fill out a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, workload, and knowledge of, attitude towards and willingness to perform breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening. Willingness to screen was the primary outcome...

OBJECTIVE: The endometrial cancer is a disorder with elevated oxidative stress. The high oxidative stress resulting from hyperglycemia can lead to diabetic retinopathy (DR) development which is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, we aim to evaluate the potential relationship between the endometrial cancer and following DR development. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan...

INTRODUCTION: Endometrial cancer, the most prevalent malignancy of the female genital tract, has a concerningly poor prognosis when diagnosed in advanced stages, with limited targeted therapy options available for advanced or recurrent cases. Pyroptosis, a type of nonapoptotic cell death mediated by caspase-1, has shown potential antitumor effects in various tumors. NLRP3, a cytosolic sensor, initiates the canonical pyroptotic pathway, leading to caspase-1 activation, subsequent gasdermin D cleavage, and plasma membrane pore formation...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the relative risk of risk factor in male and female breast cancer (BC) deaths in China and analyzed the changing trends in BC mortality rates from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: Open data from the Global Burden of Disease database from 1990 to 2019 were analyzed to assess the number of BC deaths and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) in China. The age-period-cohort model was employed to study age effects, period effects, cohort effects, as well as local drift and net drift of the data, determining the impact of changing risk factors on crude mortality rates and ASMR of BC...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate psychological correlates in women referred with suspected ovarian cancer via the fast-track pathway, explore how anxiety and distress levels change at 12 months post-testing, and report cancer conversion rates by age and referral pathway. DESIGN: Single-arm prospective cohort study. SETTING: Multicentre. Secondary care including outpatient clinics and emergency admissions. POPULATION: A cohort of 2596 newly presenting symptomatic women with a raised CA125 level, abnormal imaging or both...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of imiquimod in women with residual or recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (rrCIN), compared with large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). DESIGN: Randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. SETTING: One academic and one regional hospital in the Netherlands. POPULATION: Thirty-five women with rrCIN were included in the study between May 2016 and May 2021...

BACKGROUND: The capabilities of minimally invasive surgery, either as conventional laparoscopy, or as robotic surgery, have increased to an extent that it enables complex operations in the field of gynaecological oncology. OBJECTIVE: To document the role of minimally invasive gynaecological surgery in cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of the literature that shaped international guidelines and clinical practice. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Current guidelines of major international scientific associations and trends in accepted clinical practice...

AIMS: The aim of this study was to establish a baseline of national practice for follow-up after treatment for endometrial cancer in the UK. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey was developed and distributed through the Royal College of Radiologists via an email link to the audit leads of radiotherapy centres in the UK. The survey was conducted from November 2021 to 5 January 2022. The main themes assessed in the survey were the form, frequency and duration of follow-up practices...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the pelvic lymph node involvement and risk of recurrence in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated endocervical adenocarcinoma stage IA2-IB1 undergoing hysterectomy and/or trachelectomy plus lymphadenectomy, according to Silva's classification system. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed in two Colombian cancer centers. The cases were classified according to the Silva classification system. Clinical, surgical, and histopathological variables were evaluated...

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP3) is vital in regulating several biological processes. TIMP3 exerts antitumour effects via matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent and MMP-independent pathways. Due to promoter methylation and miRNA binding, TIMP3 expression has been observed to decrease in various cancers. Consequently, the migration and invasion of cancer cells increases. Conflicting results have reported that expression levels of TIMP3 in primary and advanced cancers are higher than those in healthy tissues...

Platinum and taxane chemotherapy is associated with the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), which may require switching to less effective treatments. Desensitization to platinum and taxane HSRs can be used to complete chemotherapy according to the standard regimen. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the current management of HSRs to platinum and/or taxane chemotherapy in patients with gynecologic cancers. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey among gynecological and medical oncologists consisting of 33 questions...

Endometrial cancer is one of most common types of gynaecological tumours in developing countries. It has been suggested that cancer stem cells play an important role in the development of endometrial cancer. These are a subset of highly tumorigenic cells with similar features to normal stem cells (unlimited proliferation, multi-potential differentiation, self-renewal, aggressiveness, invasion, recurrence, and chemo- and endocrine therapy resistance). Wnt/β-catenin, Hedghog, and Notch1 are the most frequently activated pathways in endometrial cancer stem cells...

Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent gynaecological malignancy and is a significant contributor to mortality among women globally. With the exception of HPV-mediated oncogenesis, the molecular etiology of the disease is poorly understood, and there is a critical dearth of knowledge concerning cancer that is not caused by HPV. Moreover, none of the options presently accessible for the treatment of cancers specifically target cervical cancer. In context with this, this research aims to identify the critical genes, regulators, and pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of cervical cancer, in addition to prospective pharmacological targets and repurposed therapeutic agents that can be directed against the targets...

OBJECTIVE: Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) causes intravaginal lesions and symptoms that could be mistaken for sexually transmitted diseases or cancer. In adults, FGS lesions [grainy sandy patches (GSP), homogenous yellow patches (HYP), abnormal blood vessels and rubbery papules] are refractory to treatment. The effect of treatment has never been explored in young women; it is unclear if gynaecological investigation will be possible in this young age group (16-23 years). We explored the predictors for accepting anti-schistosomal treatment and/or gynaecological reinvestigation in young women, and the effects of anti-schistosomal mass-treatment (praziquantel) on the clinical manifestations of FGS at an adolescent age...

Gynecological malignancies are most leading causes of death among women worldwide. The high prevalence of gynecologic malignancies remains significant, necessitating to turn the novel treatment approach like immunotherapy, wherein cancer cells are killed by the invasion of immune system. In recent year, immunotherapy has mostly an advanced treatment approach to repressing the tumor cells survival, proliferation, and invasion via the activation of immune systems. Moreover, various types of immune cells including T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells are associated with the immunotherapeutic strategy in cancer treatment...

Management of cancer during pregnancy requires careful consideration of risks and benefits from maternal and fetal perspectives. For advanced lung adenocarcinomas, with no targetable driver mutations, there is evidence-based guidance on the use of carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy after first trimester. In contrast, for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged metastatic lung adenocarcinomas, there is a paucity of clinical data on the safety of EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors to mother and fetus for official guidelines to recommend the use of these otherwise-first-line therapies in pregnancy...

AIM: Ovarian surveillance in women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer who do not undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy has been controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the clinical features of ovarian surveillance at our institution using a technique that combines serum cancer antigen 125 measurements, transvaginal ultrasonography, and uterine endometrial cytology. METHODS: We retrospectively examined 65 women, who had not undergone risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy diagnosed with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer between 2000 and 2021 at our hospital...