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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weilai Yu, Boyang Li, Luxi Chen, Qiu Chen, QingQing Song, Xiaosheng Jin, Yin Yandan, Haibin Tong, Liwei Xue
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Dendrobium, recognized as "Shihu" in traditional Chinese medicine, holds a rich history of medicinal utilization documented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Ancient texts like "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" extol Dendrobium's virtues as a superior herbal medicine fortifying "Yin" and invigorating the five viscera. Dendrobium is extensively employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, showcasing significant therapeutic efficacy, particularly against ulcerative colitis (UC), within the realm of Chinese ethnopharmacology...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koki Hiura, Masaki Watanabe, Naoki Hirose, Kenta Nakano, Tadashi Okamura, Hayato Sasaki, Nobuya Sasaki
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who experience long-term chronic inflammation of the colon are at an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Mitotic spindle positioning (MISP), an actin-binding protein, plays a role in mitosis and spindle positioning. MISP is found on the apical membrane of the intestinal mucosa and helps stabilize and elongate microvilli, offering protection against colitis. This study explored the role of MISP in colorectal tumorigenesis using a database, human CRC cells, and a mouse model for colitis-induced colorectal tumors triggered by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment...
March 6, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trisha Mehrotra, Xiaodi Shi, Didier Merlin
Here, we describe immunofluorescent (IF) staining assay of 3D cell culture colonoids isolated from mice colon as described previously. Primary cultures developed from isolated colonic stem cells are called colonoids. Immunofluorescence can be used to analyze the distribution of proteins, glycans, and small molecules-both biological and non-biological ones. Four-day-old colonoid cell cultures grown on Lab-Tek 8-well plate are fixed by paraformaldehyde. Fixed colonoids are then subjected to antigen retrieval and blocking followed by incubation with primary antibody...
March 5, 2024: Bio-protocol
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoon Jeong Choi, Woo Ram Kim, Duk Hwan Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, Jun Hwan Yoo
BACKGROUND: A significant unmet need in inflammatory bowel disease is the lack of anti-fibrotic agents targeting intestinal fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic properties and mechanisms of the conditioned medium (CM) from human umbilical cord/placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC/PL-MSC-CM) in a murine intestinal fibrosis model and human primary intestinal myofibroblasts (HIMFs). METHODS: UC/PL-MSC-CM was concentrated 15-fold using a 3 kDa cut-off filter...
March 7, 2024: Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Kyung Jun, Nayoung Kim, Hyuk Yoon, Ji Hyun Park, Hyung Kyung Kim, Yonghoon Choi, Ji Ae Lee, Cheol Min Shin, Young Soo Park, Dong Ho Lee
BACKGROUND/AIMS: : The genetic expression in the active inflammatory regions is increased in ulcerative colitis (UC) with endoscopic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular activity of inflammation and tissue remodeling markers in endoscopically inflamed and uninflamed regions of UC. METHODS: : Patients with UC (n=47) and controls (n=20) were prospectively enrolled at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Inflamed tissue was obtained at the most active lesion, and uninflamed tissue was collected from approximately 15 cm above the upper end of the active lesion via colonoscopic biopsies...
February 22, 2024: Gut and Liver
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junjie Bai, Baolin Qian, Tianying Cai, Yifan Chen, Tongxi Li, Yonglang Cheng, Ziming Wu, Chen Liu, Mingxin Ye, Yichao Du, Wenguang Fu
Liver fibrosis refers to the excessive buildup of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in liver tissue. It is considered a pathological response to liver damage for which there is no effective treatment. Aloin, an anthraquinone compound isolated from the aloe plant, has shown good pharmacological effects in the treatment of gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis, myocardial hypertrophy, traumatic brain injury, and other diseases; however, its specific impact on liver fibrosis remains unclear. To address this gap, we conducted a study to explore the mechanisms underlying the potential antifibrotic effect of aloin...
December 1, 2023: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Schneemann, Lucas Heils, Verena Moos, Franziska Weiß, Susanne M Krug, January Weiner, Dieter Beule, Ralf Gerhard, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Bücker
BACKGROUND: Clostridioides difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB are responsible for diarrhea and colitis. Lack of functional studies in organoid models of the gut prompted us to elucidate the toxin's effects on epithelial barrier function and the molecular mechanisms for diarrhea and inflammation. METHODS: Human adult colon organoids were cultured on membrane inserts. Tight junction (TJ) proteins and actin cytoskeleton were analyzed for expression via Western blotting and via confocal laser-scanning microscopy for subcellular localization...
November 4, 2023: Toxins
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroki Yoshii, Mikihito Kajiya, Mai Yoshino, Shin Morimoto, Susumu Horikoshi, Misako Tari, Souta Motoike, Tomoyuki Iwata, Kazuhisa Ouhara, Toshinori Ando, Tetsuya Yoshimoto, Tomoaki Shintani, Noriyoshi Mizuno
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained significant attention in cell therapies due to their multipotency and immunomodulatory capacities. The transcriptional co-activators YAP/TAZ, central to the mechanotransduction system in MSCs, dominantly direct MSCs lineage commitment. However, their role in immunomodulation remains elusive. Accordingly, this present study aimed to investigate the role of mechanotransducer YAP/TAZ and their binding target transcriptional factor, TEAD, in the immunomodulatory capacities of human bone marrow-derived MSCs...
November 2, 2023: Stem cell reviews and reports
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karen Anne-Marie Ullrich, Julia Derdau, Carsten Baltes, Alice Battistella, Gonzalo Rosso, Stefan Uderhardt, Lisa Lou Schulze, Li-Juan Liu, Mark Dedden, Marta Spocinska, Lucina Kainka, Markéta Kubánková, Tanja Martina Müller, Nina-Maria Schmidt, Emily Becker, Oumaima Ben Brahim, Imke Atreya, Susetta Finotto, Iryna Prots, Stefan Wirtz, Benno Weigmann, Rocío López-Posadas, Raja Atreya, Arif Bülent Ekici, Franziska Lautenschläger, Jochen Guck, Markus F Neurath, Sebastian Zundler
IL-3 has been reported to be involved in various inflammatory disorders, but its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been addressed so far. Here, we determined IL-3 expression in samples from patients with IBD and studied the impact of Il3 or Il3r deficiency on T cell-dependent experimental colitis. We explored the mechanical, cytoskeletal and migratory properties of Il3r -/- and Il3r +/+ T cells using real-time deformability cytometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and in vitro and in vivo cell trafficking assays...
August 4, 2023: Gut
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Braune-Yan, Jinfang Jia, Mary Wahba, Johannes Schmid, Panagiotis Papatheodorou, Holger Barth, Katharina Ernst
Clostridioides difficile infections cause severe symptoms ranging from diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis due to the secretion of AB-toxins, TcdA and TcdB. Both toxins are taken up into cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis, autoproteolytic processing and translocation of their enzyme domains from acidified endosomes into the cytosol. The enzyme domains glucosylate small GTPases such as Rac1, thereby inhibiting processes such as actin cytoskeleton regulation. Here, we demonstrate that specific pharmacological inhibition of Hsp70 activity protected cells from TcdB intoxication...
June 7, 2023: Toxins
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Christopher Peritore-Galve, Izumi Kaji, Anna Smith, Lauren M Walker, John A Shupe, M Kay Washington, Holly M Scott Algood, Pradeep K Dudeja, James R Goldenring, D Borden Lacy
BACKGROUND & AIM: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Two protein toxins, TcdA and TcdB, produced by C. difficile are the major determinants of disease. However, the pathophysiological causes of diarrhea during CDI are not well understood. Here, we investigated the effects of C. difficile toxins on paracellular permeability and apical ion transporters in the context of an acute physiological infection...
2023: Gut Microbes
#12
REVIEW
Christopher T Capaldo
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by acute or chronic recurring inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, often with increasing severity over time. Life-long morbidities and diminishing quality of life for IBD patients compel a search for a better understanding of the molecular contributors to disease progression. One unifying feature of IBDs is the failure of the gut to form an effective barrier, a core role for intercellular complexes called tight junctions. In this review, the claudin family of tight junction proteins are discussed as they are a fundamental component of intestinal barriers...
May 10, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stratigoula Sakellariou, Marina Perdiki, Giorgos Bamias, Ioanna Delladetsima
AIMS: The subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs) and the subepithelial band of macrophages (SEBM) are major components of the colonic mucosa barrier. Although their role in homeostasis is widely recognized, their contribution to disease states is largely unknown. Our aim was to explore histological characteristics of SEMFs and SEBM in collagenous and ischemic colitis in order to identify specific changes in distinct mucosa backgrounds lacking significant inflammation. METHODS: SEMFs, SEBM and lamina propria (LP) macrophages were identified immunohistochemically by alpha smooth muscle Actin and Cluster of Differentiation 68 respectively in 38 colonic biopsies [14 collagenous colitis (CC), 14 ischemic colitis (IC), 10 normal mucosa]...
April 17, 2023: Histology and Histopathology
#14
Ali Ibrahim Shorbagi, Abdulmunhem Obaideen, Majd Jundi
COVID-19 exhibits diverse and systemic clinical symptoms, much like systemic autoimmune diseases, and there are notable similarities in the immune responses seen in both conditions. There are rare reports of ulcerative colitis and autoimmune hepatitis triggered by COVID-19 infection. Reported herein is a case of a previously healthy patient who was diagnosed with chronic colitis resembling ulcerative colitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, and suspected immune-mediated hepatitis (AIH-like hepatitis) 2 months after a COVID-19 infection...
2023: Frontiers in Medicine
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng Jing, Lü Shangbin, Zhang Yi, H U Shuangyuan, Wei Pengfei, Zhou Wenhua, Shi Junfeng
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Qifu Lizhong enema prescription(, QFLZ) on intervening ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model with TCM spleen and kidney insufficiency syndrome. METHODS: Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups: normal model, mesalazine, and QFLZ high, medium, and low dose groups, each with 12 rats. After 3 d of adaptation feeding, all groups except the normal group were induced using rhubarb decoction in combination with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)/55 % ethanol to establish a UC rat model...
April 2023: Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yvonne L Latour, Margaret M Allaman, Daniel P Barry, Thaddeus M Smith, Kamery J Williams, Kara M McNamara, Justin Jacobse, Jeremy A Goettel, Alberto G Delgado, M Blanca Piazuelo, Shilin Zhao, Alain P Gobert, Keith T Wilson
Pathogenic enteric Escherichia coli present a significant burden to global health. Food-borne enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) utilize attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions and actin-dense pedestal formation to colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Talin-1 is a large structural protein that links the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix though direct influence on integrins. Here we show that mice lacking talin-1 in intestinal epithelial cells ( Tln1 Δepi ) have heightened susceptibility to colonic disease caused by the A/E murine pathogen Citrobacter rodentium ...
2023: Gut Microbes
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
TRIM40 is a pathogenic driver of inflammatory bowel disease subverting intestinal barrier integrity.
Sujin Kang, Jaekyung Kim, Areum Park, Minsoo Koh, Wonji Shin, Gayoung Park, Taeyun A Lee, Hyung Jin Kim, Heonjong Han, Yongbo Kim, Myung Kyung Choi, Jae Hyung Park, Eunhye Lee, Hyun-Soo Cho, Hyun Woo Park, Jae Hee Cheon, Sungwook Lee, Boyoun Park
The cortical actin cytoskeleton plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal epithelial integrity, and the loss of this architecture leads to chronic inflammation, as seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the exact mechanisms underlying aberrant actin remodeling in pathological states remain largely unknown. Here, we show that a subset of patients with IBD exhibits substantially higher levels of tripartite motif-containing protein 40 (TRIM40), a gene that is hardly detectable in healthy individuals...
February 9, 2023: Nature Communications
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Estefanía Vásquez-Echeverri, Marco Antonio Yamazaki-Nakashimada, Edna Venegas Montoya, Selma Cecilia Scheffler Mendoza, Lina Maria Castano-Jaramillo, Edgar Alejandro Medina-Torres, Maria Edith González-Serrano, Melissa Espinosa-Navarro, Juan Carlos Bustamante Ogando, María Guadalupe González-Villarreal, Margarita Ortega Cisneros, Pedro Francisco Valencia Mayoral, Alejandra Consuelo Sanchez, Gustavo Varela-Fascinetto, Rosa María Nideshda Ramírez-Uribe, Yuridia Salazar Gálvez, Laura Cecilia Bonifaz Alonzo, Ezequiel Moisés Fuentes-Pananá, Noemí Gómez Hernández, César Mauricio Rojas Maruri, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Sara Elva Espinosa-Padilla, Aidé Tamara Staines Boone, Gabriel López-Velázquez, Bertrand Boisson, Saul Oswaldo Lugo Reyes
BACKGROUND: Hereditary actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B deficiency is characterized clinically by ear, skin, and lung infections, bleeding, eczema, food allergy, asthma, skin vasculitis, colitis, arthritis, short stature, and lymphadenopathy. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the clinical, laboratory, and genetic features of six patients from four Mexican families. METHODS: We performed exome sequencing in patients of four families with suspected actinopathy, collected their data from medical records, and reviewed the literature for reports of other patients with actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B deficiency...
January 25, 2023: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in Practice
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas Heils, Martina Schneemann, Ralf Gerhard, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Bücker
BACKGROUND: Clostridioides difficile binary toxin (CDT) defines the hypervirulence of strains in nosocomial antibiotic-induced colitis with the highest mortality. The objective of our study was to investigate the impact of CDT on the intestinal epithelial barrier and to enlighten the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: Functional measurements of epithelial barrier function by macromolecular permeability and electrophysiology were performed in human intestinal HT-29/B6 cell monolayers...
January 7, 2023: Toxins
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harpreet Kaur, Taruna Gupta, Suman Kapila, Rajeev Kapila
Nutritional intervention using probiotic fermented dairy product has emerged as a promising prophylactic strategy to curb inflammatory bowel diseases. Under present investigation, the potential of fermented whey prepared with probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (LF:MTCC-5898) was investigated on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced impaired intestinal barrier function in mice. Probiotic fermented whey (PFW) consumption improved the symptoms of colitis-associated with intestinal inflammation by significantly (p < 0...
November 16, 2022: Microbial Pathogenesis
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