citomegalovirus

The case is presented of a 52-year-old woman with scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease, and interstitial lung disease, who developed chronic cytomegalovirus necrotizing retinitis while on treatment with prednisone, mycophenolate, and hydroxychloroquine. Initially diagnosed as macular hole, the patient underwent a pars plana vitrectomy. Two months after surgery, due to progressive worsening, the diagnosis was made and treatment started (intravenous and intravitreal ganciclovir). The patient developed severe macular atrophy with final visual acuity of counting fingers...

BACKGROUND: Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection, 90% of affected newborn (NB) are asymptomatic at birth and 6-15% will develop long term sequalae. It is the main etiology of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss. AIM: To determine prevalence of CMV in high risk NB. METHODS: Cohort prospective study, including inpatient NB with one or more of following criteria: birth weight < 1,500 g, < 32 weeks gestational age (GA), severe small for gestational age (SGA), suspected congenital infection or "refer" in newborn hearing test, also NB to HIV-infected mothers...

Porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) is a recognized pathogen of domestic swine that is widely distributed around the world. PCMV is the etiological agent of inclusion body rhinitis and has also been associated with other diseases that cause substantial losses in swine production. Wild boar populations can act as reservoirs of numerous infectious agents that affect pig livestock, including PCMV. The aim of this work was to assess the circulation of this virus in free-living wild boars that inhabit Northeastern Patagonia (Buenos Aires and Río Negro Provinces), Argentina...

Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIIPO) is a disease characterized by symptoms and signs of small bowel obstruction in the absence of displayable mechanical obstruction. Due to the known neuropathic capacity of several viruses, and their localization in the intestine, it has been hypothesized that such viruses could be involved in the pathogenesis of CIIPO. The most frequently involved viruses are John Cunningham virus, Herpesviridae, Flaviviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and Citomegalovirus. Therefore, the present narrative review aims to sum up some new perspectives in the etiology and pathophysiology of CIIPO...

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) hepatitis constitutes a challenging diagnostic entity in liver transplant (LT) recipients. AIM: To determine the real incidence of CMV hepatitis using more specific diagnostic tools as those currently used before. METHODS: Retrospective/prospective study conducted in a hepatic transplant unit from 2009 to 2019. LT recipients with CMV specific or suggestive elements in histopathology of hepatic biopsies were included...

Primary adrenal insufficiency is a defect in glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid and sexual androgens production. Patients with this disorder have low cortisol levels and aldosterone deficiency with concomitant hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. The most common etiology of this disease is the production of antibodies against the enzyme 21 hydroxylase. Another common cause, particularly in low income countries, are infectious diseases. Several micro-organisms have been reported as a causal agent in adrenal insufficiency including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, Neisseria meningitidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis jirovecii, Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatiditis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cocciodiodes immitis, Nocardia spp...

INTRODUCTION: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is recognized as the most common cause of congenital viral infection, which can occur as a result of primary infection, reinfection or infection reactivation in the pregnant woman and be the cause of delay in neuronal development and sensorineural hearing loss in the neonate. OBJECTIVE: To identify CMVH infection in newborns by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cell culture. METHOD: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study with oral swab samples from 362 neonates born within a 10-month period in a public hospital of Mérida, Yucatán...

Introduction: Viral encephalitis is a well-known inflammatory process associated with neurological dysfunction that might derive into severe brain damage or a fatal outcome. In México there is no epidemiological data that describes the prevalence of viral agents responsible for acute encephalitis. Objective: To identify the main viral agents by real time PCR involved in acute encephalitis in Mexico. Materials and methods: We obtained cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples from all patients with suspected viral encephalitis admitted to the emergency service of the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”...

Introducción. El citomegalovirus es la causa más frecuente de infección en pacientes con trasplante renal. Existen dos estrategias de similar efectividad para prevenirlo: la profilaxis universal con valganciclovir durante 90 días o el tratamiento anticipado verificando la carga viral semanal y aplicándolo solo si esta es positiva.Objetivo. Determinar cuál de estas dos estrategias sería más costo-efectiva en pacientes de riesgo intermedio en Colombia.Materiales y métodos...

Despite the frequency of infections with herpesviridae family, only eight subtypes affect humans (Herpex Simplex Virus types 1 and 2, Varicella Zoster Virus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Citomegalovirus and Human Herpes Virus types 6, 7 and 8). Amongst enteroviruses infections, the most important are Poliovirus, Coxackievirus and Echovirus. Symptoms can vary from mild to severe and early diagnosis is of upmost importance. Nowadays, low-density arrays can detect different types of viruses in a single assay using DNA extracted from biological samples...

INTRODUCTION: Today, an increasing interest is being addressed to the viral etiology of lung tumors. As a consequence, research efforts are currently being directed to the identification of the new viruses involved in lung carcinogenesis toward which the screening programs could be directed. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the airways colonization by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Citomegalovirus (CMV) in patients affected by lung cancer using, as a respiratory non-invasive sample, the exhaled breath condensate (EBC)...

INTRODUCTION: Sensitization is associated with worse clinical outcomes after kidney transplantation (KT), including increased incidence of delayed graft function, acute rejection (AR) and graft loss. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate 1-year efficacy and safety outcomes in sensitized KT recipients receiving antithymocyte globulin (ATG) induction and compare them to non-sensitized patients. METHODS: Deceased donors KT recipients transplanted between January 1998 and December 2009 were divided into 5 groups: control group 1 -n = 89, PRA negative, without induction therapy; control group 2 - n = 94, PRA negative, basiliximab induction; control group 3 - n = 81, PRA negative, ATG induction; test group 4 - n = 64, PRA 1-49%, ATG induction; test group 5 -n = 118, PRA ≥ 50%, ATG induction...

We report a case of a 4-months infant with fever in the absence of other specific symptoms that has rapidly and unexpectedly developed acute liver failure (ALF) with coagulopathy and complicated with bone marrow failure without encephalopathy. The main viral infection agents (hepatitis virus A, B, C, Citomegalovirus, Ebstain Barr virus, Parvovirus B19, Adenovirus), drug-induced hepatotoxicity and metabolic disorders associated to ALF were excluded. Quantitative determination of Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) genome was positive with a significant number of copies for mL...

Q fever which is caused by Coxiella burnetii, is a worldwide zoonosis. Many species of wild and domestic mammals, birds, and arthropods, are reservoirs of C.burnetii in nature, however farm animals are the most frequent sources of human infection. The most frequent way of transmission is by inhalation of contaminated aerosols. The clinical presentation of Q fever is polymorphic and nonspecific. Q fever may present as acute or chronic disease. In acute cases, the most common clinical syndromes are selflimited febrile illness, granulomatous hepatitis, and pneumonia, but it can also be asymptomatic...

Current graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) inhibition approaches lead to abrogation of pathogen-specific T-cell responses. We propose an approach to inhibit GVHD without hampering immunity against pathogens: in vitro depletion of alloreactive T cells with the preoteasome inhibitor bortezomib. We show that PBMCs stimulated with allogeneic cells and treated with bortezomib greatly reduce their ability to produce IFN-γ when re-stimulated with the same allogeneic cells, but mainly preserve their ability to respond to citomegalovirus stimulation...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a β herpesvirus and a significant human pathogen. After primary infection establishes life long latency. In immunocompetent individuals cell-mediated host immune responses prevent the development of overt CMV disease. It has increasingly come to be recognized that critically ill patients are at risk for CMV reactivation from the latency. The risk factors associated to CMV reactivation in the critically ill are infection, sepsis, trauma, transfusions, major surgery, prolonged mechanical ventilation, steroids and vasopressors...

Human citomegalovirus (CMV) is a beta-herpesvirus able to establish lifelong persistent infections which usually remain asymptomatic. However, severe diseases may develop in immunocompromised subjects (e.g., AIDS patients and transplant recipients) and if acquired in utero. Circulating CMV clinical strains display genetic polymorphisms in multiple genes, which may be implicated in CMV-induced immunopathogenesis, as well as strain-specific tissue-tropism, viral spread in the host cells and virulence, finally determining the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of CMV disease...

Postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the newborn can occur from exposure to maternal cervical secretions during birth, ingestion of breast milk, transfusion of blood products or transmission by body fluids of infected people. Breast milk is the main source of infection, given the high rate of CMV-positive mothers excreting CMV in milk. Freezing reduces the risk of CMV transmission by breastfeeding, although it does not eliminate it completely. Pasteurisation prevents such transmission, but it can alter the immunological properties of breast milk...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Citomegalovirus (CMV) are Herpesviridae family representative and presents a real danger for human. A very high infect risk of population farther the danger The ocular pathology induced by them can affect all media and tunics of optic analyzer. An etiologic differentiation is necessary for the mentioned viruses induced diseases. The etiologic differentiation has like purpose the enforcement of an effective and optimal antiviral and immunomodulating therapy.

Several viruses may cause central nervous system diseases with a broad range of clinical manifestations. The time course of the viral encephalitis can be acute, subacute, or chronic. Pathologically there are encephalitis with direct viral entry into the CNS in which brain parenchyma exhibits neuronal damaging and viral antigens and there are postinfectious autoimmune encephalitis associated with systemic viral infections with brain tissue presenting perivascular aggregation of immune cells and myelin damaging...